《上清众经诸真圣秘》

Fascicle One of The Sacred Secrets of the Perfected Beings in the Shangqing Scriptures, in The Thirty-Nine Chapters of the Great Cavern Scripture, lists the names of one hundred divine beings bestowed by the Most High Lord of the Dao. Presented here are the first eleven. For each, the text gives an honorific title, an inner name, and an earthly pronunciation.

An “inner name” is the name by which a divine being is known within an esoteric transmission; the “earthly pronunciation” is a corresponding set of other names. The scripture records these names one by one for reading and transmission.

The first is the High and Exalted Lord of the Dao, Emperor of Emptiness. His inner name is “San Lanluo, Bo Jiantai,” and his earthly pronunciation is “Tian Mingchang, Ren Hengning.”

The second is the August Lord of the Jade Void. His inner name is “Li Tanghe, Tui Yunru,” and his earthly pronunciation is “Yan Tiangu, Bi Longdu.”

The third is the August Jade Emperor. His inner name is “Zhu Yuluo, Guang Duling,” and his earthly pronunciation is “Chang Cunti, Qu Haizi.”

The fourth is the August Master, the Lord of the Purple Dawn. His inner name is “Fu Yumiao, San Zhaosheng,” and his earthly pronunciation is “Mian Changzai, Qu Wulun.”

The fifth is the Celestial Emperor of Great Subtlety. His inner name is “Chao Zhitian, Heng Mingshi,” and his earthly pronunciation is “Bo Shaxuan, Wu Dingfang.”

The sixth is the Lord of Purple Essence of the Three Origins. His inner name is “Qian Baoting, Mian Youyi,” and his earthly pronunciation is “Xing Changjie, Fang Wanying.”

The seventh is the Lord of the Mysterious One, the Elder of the Primordial Yang. His inner name is “Xuan Wusha, Cheng Fushen,” and his earthly pronunciation is “Wu Shengsi, Ru Taimen.”

The eighth is the Lord of the Three Origins, Great Simplicity of the Upper Origin. His inner name is “Ming Zhuzi, Hui Hecun,” and his earthly pronunciation is “Fu Tianming, Deng Mingyao.”

The ninth is the Lord of the Three Essences, Purple Essence of Highest Clarity. His inner name is “Le Bole, Fei Mingxian,” and his earthly pronunciation is “Shi Shengwang, Shang Daozong.”

The tenth is the Lord of Yang Peace, the Plain Spirit. His inner name is “Wang Changjie, Shun Wanyan,” and his earthly pronunciation is “Lian Jiesheng, Jue Chutian.”

The eleventh is the Lord of the Dao of the Grotto of Truth, August Clarity. His inner name is “Hui Suchong, Ji Lai Jing,” and his earthly pronunciation is “Da Fuzi, Chang Tianzhu.”

The twelfth is the Lord of Highest Primordial Simplicity (Gao Shang Taisu Jun), one of the divine perfected beings of the Upper Clarity tradition. His secret name within is “He Gui Luo, Ji Shu Yong.” The name by which he is praised in the human world is “Chu Chang Wai, Wan Jie Zhi.”

The thirteenth is the Central Lord of the Four Elders Above the Dao (Huangshang Silaodao Zhongjun), a revered deity of the Dao. His secret name is “San Le Shen, Wu Da Men.” His name in the human world is “Fa Lun Hui, Dao Shang Sheng.”

The fourteenth is the Jade Dawn Supreme Lord of the Great Dao (Yuchen Taishang Dadao Jun), a revered deity of the Upper Clarity tradition. His secret name is “Hong Yu Xia, Du Fa Jin.” His name in the human world is “Chong Jie Shi, Mie Chang Ku,” meaning that he passes through calamities and dispels long-lasting suffering.

The fifteenth is the Lord of the Great Dao of Great Clarity (Taiqing Dadao Jun). His secret name is “Ming Kao Li, Ba Jie A.” His name in the human world is “Ji Wu Sheng, De Lai Yuan,” meaning that he relieves the suffering of living beings and brings their wishes to fulfillment.

The sixteenth is the Lord of the Great Dao of the Supreme Ultimate, Lord Yuanjing (Taiji Dadao Jun Yuanjing Jun). His secret name is “Hui Yin Ming, Shen Chu Luo.” His name in the human world is “Hui Lü An, Gu Zhi Shen,” meaning that he protects peace and steadies the body.

The seventeenth is the Lord of Purple Primordial Origin (Huangchu Ziyuan Jun). His secret name is “Fa Qian He, Guang Yun Chang.” His name in the human world is “Chang Sheng Tian, Ru Bao Qi,” meaning eternal life in the heavens and entry into precious primordial Qi—the fundamental vital energy in Daoist thought.

The eighteenth is the Supreme Elder Lord, the perfected one at the center, Yuan Ying (Yuanying Zhongzhen Shanglao Jun). His secret name is “Mi Jie Che, Da Sheng Zhang.” His name in the human world is “Fan Lao Tong, Shou Nian Zuo,” meaning a return from old age to youthful vigor and the gift of a long lifespan.

The nineteenth is the Yellow Elder Lord of the Center (Zhongyang Huanglao Jun). His secret name is “Man Jing Sheng, Bi Bo Tong.” His name in the human world is “Jie Tuo Zai, Mian Fu Jie,” meaning release from misfortune and escape from calamity.

The twentieth is the Lord of Inner Visions, the Green Essence Supreme Perfected One (Qingjing Shangzhen Neijing Jun). His secret name is “Zhong Qi Hui, Chu Lan Jia.” His name in the human world is “Chang Qu Zi, Shu Shou Wang.”

The twenty-first is the Primordial Lord of Jade Worthies, the Sun’s Nine Qi (Taiyang Jiuqi Yuxian Yuanjun). His secret name is “Hui Ming Chu, You Zhong He.” His name in the human world is “Hun Sheng Zong, Li Xian Shu.”

The twenty-second is the Primordial Lord of Golden Splendor and Radiance, the Sun’s Nine Essences (Taiyang Jiusu Jinhua Jing Yuanjun). His secret name is “Ming Chong Ci, Xin Ming Du.” His name in the human world is “Yan Ming Wang, Jia Ben Gen.”

The twenty-third is the Lord of Destiny, the Supreme Perfected One of the Nine Stars (Jiuxing Shangzhen Siming Jun), who governs the stars and human lifespans. His secret name is “Zhang Tang Jian, Yuan Miao Ling.” His name in the human world is “Da Jie Hui, Wei Shi Jiao.”

The twenty-fourth is the Heavenly Emperor, Supreme Perfected Lord of Jade Radiance and the Three Origins. His inner name is “Preserve, Release, Hang Down; Bind the Six Courts.” His earthly pronunciation name is “Give Birth to the Double Gate; Enter the Immortal Embryo.”

The twenty-fifth is the Supreme One, Lord of Prohibitions of the Upper Origin. His inner name is “Cinnabar Brightness Flourishes; Left Emperor’s Root.” His earthly pronunciation name is “Impermanence Child; Attain Great Brightness.”

The twenty-sixth is the Perfected Dawn Lord of the Yellow Chamber of Primordial Emptiness. His inner name is “Transform the World’s Qi; Three Paths Shift.” His earthly pronunciation name is “Order Life, Not; Shift Through Successive Calamities.”

The twenty-seventh is the Primordial Lord of the Four Perfected Ones, Master of the Supreme Ultimate. His name is “Ascend, Come, Open; Hang Down the Law’s Plans.” His earthly pronunciation name is “Terrace of Numinous Longevity; Fitting for Human Life.”

The twenty-eighth is the Lord of Scattered Flowers, the Four Calculations and Seven Perfected Dawn Ones. His name is “Fresh Melody, Mystery; Mirror, Layered Chariot.” His earthly pronunciation name is “Long-lasting Salvation and Joy; Worry and Suffering.”

The twenty-ninth is the Primordial Lord of Yellow Radiance at the Center of Dawn. His inner name is “Gather the Root of Life; Ascend the Dragon Ford.” His earthly pronunciation name is “Meeting of Mysterious Calamities; Ten Thousand Steps, Ah.”

The thirtieth is again listed as the Lord of Scattered Flowers, the Four Calculations and Seven Perfected Dawn Ones. His name is “Fresh Melody, Mystery; Mirror, Layered Chariot.” His earthly pronunciation name is “Long-lasting Salvation and Joy; Worry and Suffering.”

The twenty-ninth is listed again as the Primordial Lord of Yellow Radiance at the Center of Dawn. His inner name is “Gather the Root of Life; Ascend the Dragon Ford.” His earthly pronunciation name is “Meeting of Mysterious Calamities; Ten Thousand Steps, Ah.”

The thirtieth is the Supreme Radiance of the Golden Portal, the Posterior Sage, the Great Peace Li Perfected, Heavenly Emperor. His inner name is “Radiance Extends, Restrains; Attain the Worthy Sun.” His earthly pronunciation name is “Register, Meet the Origin; Emperor’s Talisman Child.”

The thirty-first is the Perfected Lord of the Unilluminated Peng Chamber, the Posterior Sage of the Great Void. His inner name is “Ride the Origin Wheel; Enter the Hidden Source.” His earthly pronunciation name is “Disaster Chariot Destroyed; Nurture the Nine Radiances.”

The thirty-second is the Immortal Lord, Master of the Nine Qi, Elder of the Great Mystery Capital. His inner name is “Primordial Ah, Accumulate; Uphold the Spirit’s Surge.” His earthly pronunciation name is “See the Jade Guest; Form, Yearn for Gan.”

The thirty-third is the Lord of the Eight Emperors of Shangqing. His inner name is “Reflect the Dao’s Calamities; Cross Over, Successively Cut Off.” His earthly pronunciation name is “Relieve Cold and Heat; Attain Metal Qi.”

The thirty-fourth is the Green Youth Lord, the Immortal Protector and High Dawn Master of the Eastern Florescence Palace of Fangzhu. His inner name is “Observe the Pavilion Chamber; Bright Guest, Abundant.” His earthly pronunciation name is “Three Lives Connected; Within Emptiness and Nonbeing.”

The thirty-fifth is the Great… of Fusang: “Cross Over, Successively Cut Off; Relieve Cold and Heat; Attain Metal Qi.” Here, “inner name” refers to the hidden names of the divine perfected beings listed in the scripture, while “earthly pronunciation” refers to another corresponding set of names.

The thirty-fourth is High Morning Master, the Immortal Protector King and Lord Green Youth of the Eastern Florescence Fangzhu Palace. His inner names—the hidden names used in cultivation—are “Watching the Pavilion Chamber” and “Bright Guest, Flourishing.” His earthly sounds—the names recited among humankind—are “Three Lives Linked” and “Within the Void.”

The thirty-fifth is the Great Emperor of Fusang, Lord of the Nine Elders and Immortal Sovereigns. His inner names are “Full Kalpa Linked” and “Rising Harmoniously in Jade.” His earthly sounds are “Leaving Suffering by Chariot” and “Dispelling the Hundred Poisons.”

The thirty-sixth is the Lord of the Charts, Jade Lord, Master of the Ten Thousand Transformations of Jade Truth. His inner names are “Life Emperor Hundred” and “Square, Transcendent, and Still.” His earthly sounds are “Ordering Life’s Arrival” and “Extending the Field of Blessings.”

The thirty-seventh is the Supreme Emperor, Lord of Prohibitions, among the Twenty-Nine Perfected Ones of Xuanzhou. His inner names are “Opening Spirit’s Splendor” and “Great Era.” His earthly sounds are “Removing the Three Poisons” and “Returning on the Chariot of Blessings.”

The thirty-eighth is the Lord of the Midday Morning of Great Nonbeing. His inner names are “Lingchang Jade” and “Lord of a Hundred Paths.” His earthly sounds are “Attaining the Fulfilled Covenant” and “Ascending to the Land of the Gods.”

The thirty-ninth is the Immortal Mother of Nine Spirits, the Green-Gold Elixir Sovereign of Turtle Mountain in the Western Origin. Her inner names are “Ultimate Qi and Longevity” and “Receiving Hanging Brightness.” Her earthly sounds are “Joining the Hundred Embraces” and “Riding Through Transforming Kalpas.”

The Jing of the Five Elders in the Jade Register of the Female One lists the following divine perfected beings:

The White Plain Sovereign’s taboo name is “Opening Brightness, Flute Blade,” and her courtesy name is “Above the Golden Gate.”

The Yellow Plain Sovereign’s taboo name is “Round Splendor, Yellow Blade,” and her courtesy name is “Above the Great Zhang.”

The Purple Plain Sovereign’s taboo name is “Hidden, Flourishing, Unbladed,” and her courtesy name is “Above Peaceful Arrival.”

The Young Lord Wuying’s taboo name is “Mysterious Origin Uncle.”

The Lord Baiyuan’s taboo name is “Flourishing Spirit Standard.”

The Central Lord of Destiny’s taboo name is “Ordering Brightness at the Beginning.”

The Peach Lord of the Gate of Life’s taboo name is “Child Dao Wellbeing.”

The Cavern-Truth Mysterious Scripture of the Hidden Writing of Great Elixir records that the Lady of Purple Tenuity’s taboo name is “Clear E,” and her courtesy name is “Healing Tone.”

The Record of the Four Seasons and the Book of Preserving Thought of the Perfected One of the Supreme Ultimate contains “The Way of Great Transformation of the Hundred Gods’ Conjoined Origin Emperor of Destiny.” It names these beings:

The first Emperor’s name is “Carved Beam Border,” and his courtesy name is “Green Peace.”

The second Emperor’s name is “Long Arrival Awakening,” and his courtesy name is “Southern Harmony.”

The third Emperor’s name is “Manifesting Peace and Fortune,” and his courtesy name is “Western Splendor.”

The fourth is named Bao Chengchang, with the courtesy name Beifa.

The names of the two Lord Lao figures who stand on either side of the Emperor Lord are:

On the left is the Lord Lao of Mysterious Unity, named Lin Xufu, with the courtesy name Lingshi Dao.

On the right is the Lord Lao of the Three Subtleties, named Lao Zhangshang, with the courtesy name Shensheng Dao.

The immortal on the left is named Cheng Zhongzi, also known as Di Bin, with the courtesy name Sihua.

The immortal on the right is named Qu Wenzi, also known as Guang Jian, with the courtesy name Linghe.

Taiyi is the Jing and Qi within the womb, as well as the spirit that governs transformation. Taiyi is named Wu Youshou, with the courtesy name Gui Huichang, and is also known as Jie Ming and Ji Pin.

On the left, Lord Wuying oversees the gathering of Jing and Qi and the safeguarding of Shen. He is the deity of the Three Primordial Upper Qi—the primordial energy of the upper realm. He is named Xuan Yuanshu, with the courtesy name He Fuzi, and is also known as Lord Elemental, Divine Lord, and Young Lord. He often dwells in the Upper Clarity within the Jade Chamber, a residence in the Upper Clarity realm.

On the right, Lord Baiyuan, sometimes also called Lord Dongyang, oversees the Qi of the hun and po souls. He is the spirit who examines and commands the numinous spirits. He is named Yu Lingbiao, with the courtesy name Xuan Yijue, and is also known as Zhu Jing and Qi Cheng. He dwells in the Upper Clarity within the Jade Chamber, a residence in the Upper Clarity realm.

The Central Lord of Destiny, the deity who governs lifespan, is also called the Elder Who Regulates Fate. He oversees a person’s innate destiny and keeps the registers recording the length of each person’s life. His name is Li Chuming, his courtesy name is Xuandu Qing, and he is also called Divine Ancestor and numinous radiance. By day, he dwells in the Palace of Utmost Mystery, moving through the Yin chamber, which governs Yin Qi, and entering and leaving between the two gates of the spirit chamber. At night, he dwells in the Earth Gate of the dark chamber, beneath the Hidden Palace and above the Palace of the Six Directions, within a single realm.

The commentary explains that the Yin chamber refers to the two nostrils. When visualizing the Lord of Destiny entering and leaving, one should have him pass through the nostrils, not between the eyebrows. At night, one should visualize him in the dark chamber: this refers to the interior of the penis, while the Earth Gate also refers to the scrotum. In a woman’s visualization, he should instead be placed within the Yin Gate, at the center of the North Pole. This visualization should be practiced every night, holding the image steadily in the mind.

The Lord of the Peach of the Gate of Life, the deity who governs the vital energy at the source of life, oversees the life received through Original Qi. He is the divine lord who presides over the Qi of life’s beginning. His name is Haidao Kang, his courtesy name is Hejing Yan, and he is also called King of Life and Root of the Womb. By day, he dwells among the Five Cities of the Golden Gate—that is, in the Gate of Life within the navel, around the lower Dantian. At night, he dwells among the Six Directions, to the right of Taiyi, the supreme deity in Daoism.

The Youth of the Purple Chamber of Grand Tenuity is named Gan Jingjing, has the courtesy name Hui Yuanzi, and is also called Three Reverent Ones Joined Together and True One Facing the Emperor.

The Supreme Threefold Mystery Emperor is the inner spirit of Taiyi and the Qi of the Supreme Original Jing. His name is Feng Lingfan, his courtesy name is Lü Changling, and he is also called Sevenfold Numen and Divine Elder. He always dwells in the Purple Chamber of the Taiji.

The Lord of White Qi, the deity of white Qi, is named Wu Xuanzi and has the courtesy name Yu Shangsheng Chang.

The Lord of Green Qi, the deity of green Qi, is named An Yanchang and has the courtesy name He Heying.

The Lord of Black Qi, the deity of black Qi, is named Fu Laisheng. The appended note gives his name as Jing Lingfan and his courtesy name as Lü Changling; he is also called Sevenfold Numen and Divine Elder, and always dwells in the Purple Chamber of the Taiji.

The Lord of White Qi is named Wu Xuanzi and has the courtesy name Yu Shangsheng Chang; the Lord of Green Qi is named An Yanchang and has the courtesy name He Heying.

The Black Qi Lord (a divine lord transformed from black Qi) receives the primordial energy that bestows life. He is named Laisheng, with the courtesy name Jingshangmen.

The Yellow Qi Lord is named Zumingche, with the courtesy name Shenwuji.

The Red Qi Lord is named Hunlizi, with the courtesy name Shuhuojian.

The Upper Mysterious Lord is named Gaotongsheng, with the courtesy name Zuohuiming.

The Lower Mysterious Lord is named Shuhuowang, with the courtesy name Youhuiguang.

The Celestial Emperor of the Niwan (a spirit residing in the Niwan Palace inside the head) is named Qingzhaolejing, with the courtesy name Zhongxuansheng. He is also called Qifei and Changfu.

In the Crimson Palace Heart Dantian (the Neidan palace located where the heart is) is a Primordial Elixir Sovereign, named Shenyunzhu, with the courtesy name Zinandān. He is also called Shengshangbo and Shiyunju.

Among the Crimson Palace’s assisting sovereigns is a minister named Zhongguangjian, with the courtesy name Sihualing. He is also called Youchebo and Dongshihua.

Below the Gate of Life is a yellow deity named Shiyunju.

Among the Crimson Palace’s assisting sovereigns is a minister named Zhongguangjian, with the courtesy name Sihualing. He is also called Youchebo and Dongshihua.

The Primordial King of the Yellow Court (the sacred palace within the body) is named Shimingjing, with the courtesy name Yuanyangchang. He is also called Ying’erta and Boshiyuan.

The Yellow Court’s Guardian Minister is named Guishangming, with the courtesy name Guxiaxuan. He is also called Fengshenbo and Chengguangsheng, and resides in the Palace of the Six Directions.

There is also the deity Taiyi, named Chongmingkong, with the courtesy name Youliaowu.

The Central Scripture of the Nine Perfected Ones: The Yellow Emperor’s Secret Sayings

The First Perfected Lord of the Law: Taiyi and the Five Spirits unite as one and transform into a great deity who resides in the heart, called the Celestial Essence Lord, with the courtesy name Feishangying.

The Second Perfected Lord of the Law: Taiyi and the Five Spirits come together and merge through transformation to become a great deity, called the Firm Jade Lord, with the courtesy name Ningyuzhu.

The Third Perfected Lord of the Law: Taiyi and the Five Spirits are called the Primordial Life Lord, with the courtesy name Huangningzixuan.

The Fourth Perfected Lord of the Law: Taiyi and the Five Spirits reside in the liver, where they are called the Azure Bright Lord, with the courtesy name Minglun Tongzi.

The Fifth Perfected Lord of the Law: Taiyi and the Five Spirits reside in the spleen, where they are called the Nurturing Radiance Lord, with the courtesy name Taichangzi.

The Sixth Perfected Lord of the Law: Taiyi and the Five Spirits reside in the lungs, where they are called the Upper Primordial Jade Lord, with the courtesy name Liangnan Zhongtongzi.

The spirit within the spleen is called Lord Nurturing Radiance, with the courtesy name Master Great Prosperity.

The sixth True Dharma Emperor, one of the Five Spirits of Great Unity, dwells in the lungs. He is called Lord Jade of the Supreme Element, with the courtesy name Youth of the Central Liang South.

The seventh True Dharma Emperor is a great spirit formed through the fusion of the Five Spirits of Great Unity. He dwells between the two kidneys and is called Lord Mysterious Yang, with the courtesy name Master Dark Radiance.

The eighth True Dharma Emperor is a great spirit formed through the transformation and fusion of the Five Spirits of Great Unity. He dwells in the gallbladder and is called Lord Containing the Radiance, with the courtesy name Mysterious Essence of the Northern Terrace.

The ninth True Dharma Emperor is a great spirit formed through the transformation and fusion of the Five Spirits of Great Unity. He dwells in the Purple Chamber of the Muddy Pellet within the brain and is called Lord Emperor Chang, the Supreme Sovereign, with the courtesy name Ancestral Source of the Primordial Spirit.

The child spirit of the left eye is named Flying Radiance, and the child spirit of the right eye is named Morning Infant. The child spirit of the left hand is named Midwife, and the child spirit of the right hand is named Square Abundance. The child spirit above the lungs is named Pure Brightness.

The spirit of the brain is named Master Awakening to Nothingness, with the courtesy name Dao Metropolis. The spirit of the hair is named Mysterious Patterned Splendor, with the courtesy name Ancestral Source of the Primordial Spirit.

The child spirit of the left eye is named Flying Radiance, and the child spirit of the right eye is named Morning Infant. The child spirit of the left hand is named Midwife, and the child spirit of the right hand is named Square Abundance. The child spirit above the lungs is named Pure Brightness.

The spirit of the brain is named Master Awakening to Nothingness, with the courtesy name Dao Metropolis. The spirit of the hair is named Mysterious Patterned Splendor, with the courtesy name Dao’s Measure. The spirit of the skin is named Connecting the Multitudes, with the courtesy name Dao’s Link. The spirit of the eyes is named Living One of the Empty Mirror, with the courtesy name Dao’s Youth. The spirit of the neck and spinal cord is named Spirit’s Canopy, with the courtesy name Dao’s Circuit. The spirit of the back is named Beneficial Calendar’s Support, with the courtesy name Dao’s Pillar. The spirit of the nose is named Rushing Dragon Jade, with the courtesy name Dao’s Subtlety. The spirit of the tongue is named First Ridge Stand, with the courtesy name Dao’s Fork.

The spirit of the throat is named Release of the Hundred Streams, with the courtesy name Dao’s Passage. The spirit of the lungs is named Pure Spirit’s Life, with the courtesy name Dao’s Balance. The spirit of the heart is named Radiant Intestine’s Prosperity, with the courtesy name Dao’s Brightness. The spirit of the liver is named Opening Lord Youth, with the courtesy name Dao’s Green. The spirit of the gallbladder is named Dragon Virtue’s Restraint, with the courtesy name Dao’s Release. The spirit of the spleen is named Primordial Wholeness, with the courtesy name Dao’s Loftiness. The spirit of the left kidney is named Spring Origin Uprightness, with the courtesy name Dao’s Echo.

The spirit of the right kidney is named Xiangta Wu, with the courtesy name Daosheng.

The spirit of the lower stomach is named Tonglai Yu, with the courtesy name Daoshan.

The spirit of the colon is named Zhaoteng Kang, with the courtesy name Daohuan.

The spirits of the large and small intestines are named Pengsong Liu, with the courtesy name Daochu.

The spirit of the abdominal cavity is named Shouyuan Bo, with the courtesy name Daoxu.

The spirit between the chest and diaphragm is named Guangying Zhai, with the courtesy name Daozhong.

The spirit of the two flanks is named Bijia Ma, with the courtesy name Daocheng.

The spirits of the left Yin and left Yang are named Zhaoteng Kang, with the courtesy name Daohuan.

The spirits of the large and small intestines are named Pengsong Liu, with the courtesy name Daochu.

The spirit of the abdominal cavity is named Shouyuan Bo, with the courtesy name Daoxu.

The spirit between the chest and diaphragm is named Guangying Zhai, with the courtesy name Daozhong.

The spirit of the two flanks is named Bijia Ma, with the courtesy name Daocheng.

The spirits of the left Yin and left Yang are named Fuliu Qi, with the courtesy name Daogui. When men visualize this spirit during cultivation, it corresponds to the left testicle; when women visualize it, it corresponds to the left genital area.

The spirits of the right Yin and right Yang are named Baobiao Ming, with the courtesy name Daosheng. When men visualize this spirit during cultivation, it corresponds to the right testicle; when women visualize it, it corresponds to the right genital area.

Ritual Methods for Cultivating the Cavern Chamber and Purple Chamber, and Methods for Visualizing the Nine Primordials and Seven Primordials

The palace within the First Star is named the Upper Palace of Great Unity. Within it is the Emperor’s inner consort of Transformation, Concealment, and Escape, named Great Unity Fatan, with the courtesy name Xingzheng Fu.

The palace within the Second Star is named the Central Primordial Palace. Within it is the Emperor’s inner consort who Protects the Embryo and Transforms the Form, named Great Unity Sanlai Ci, with the courtesy name Luo Zhu Ying.

The palace within the Third Star is named the True Primordial Palace. Within it is the Emperor’s Upper Primordial Elixir Mother of the Six Escapes and Seven Concealments, named Great Unity Lingyi, with the courtesy name Chongshuang Zhao.

The palace within the Fourth Star is named the Hidden and Secluded Palace. Within it is the Emperor’s Central Primordial inner consort who Conceals the Radiance and Hides the Light, named Great Unity Qilie, with the courtesy name Hengdan Pan.

The palace within the Fifth Star is named the Guiding Spirit Palace. Within it is the Emperor’s Great Lady of the Central Dipper, who Transforms the Body and Changes the Radiance, named Great Unity Yushu, with the courtesy name Chouqiu Lan.

The palace within the Sixth Star is named the Bright Record Palace. The text that follows then refers to “the Guiding Spirit Palace within the Fifth Star” and repeats the account of the Emperor’s Great Lady of the Central Dipper, who Transforms the Body and Changes the Radiance, named Great Unity Yushu, with the courtesy name Chouqiu Lan.

The palace of the Sixth Star is called the Palace of Bright Record. Its ruler can conceal his traces and transform himself into a woman among the stars. She is called Great Unity, Essence of Qi, and bears the courtesy name Embrace the Fixed Mound.

The palace of the Seventh Star is called the Palace of Joined Assemblies. Its ruler can manifest every kind of scene and form. She is a maiden among the stars, called Great Unity, Abundant Ink, and bears the courtesy name Heavenly Mortal, Graceful One.

The palace of the Eighth Star is called the Palace of the Imperial Seat. Its ruler can manifest the sun and moon, water and fire. She is the High Emperor’s Left Lady among the stars, called Great Unity, Stone Opens the Pearl, and bears the courtesy name Silk-Rich Splendor.

The palace of the Ninth Star is called the Palace of the Supreme Venerable. Its ruler can manifest metals and stones, mountains and rivers. She is the High Emperor’s Right Lady among the stars, called Great Unity, Cherished Cultivation, and bears the courtesy name Cloud Nurtures the Mysterious.

The Most High’s Five Solar Emperors of Yu Yi: Their Sacred Names and Courtesy Names

Yu Yi is the Daoist term for the sun’s divine power. The five directional emperors within the sun each have a sacred name and a courtesy name:

The Green Emperor: sacred name Constant-Without-Image, courtesy name Dragon-Banner Illumination; the Red Emperor: sacred name Cinnabar-Spirit Ridge, courtesy name Green Rainbow Reflection; the White Emperor: sacred name Vast, Abundant General, courtesy name Golden Rosy Clouds Return; the Black Emperor: sacred name Clear Canal Still, courtesy name Dark Green Flame; the Yellow Emperor: sacred name Longevity, Ease, and Abundance, courtesy name Maple Radiance Image.

The Most High’s Five Lunar Empresses of Jie Lin: Their Sacred Names and Courtesy Names

Jie Lin is the Daoist term for the moon’s divine power. The five directional empresses within the moon each have a sacred name and a courtesy name:

The Green Emperor’s empress: sacred name Hidden Pearl, courtesy name Fragrant, Radiant Babe; the Red Emperor’s empress: sacred name Veiled, At Ease, and Serene, courtesy name Graceful Banquet, Emptiness; the White Emperor’s empress: sacred name Spirit, Pure Orchid, courtesy name Abundant Lotus Blossom; the Black Emperor’s empress: sacred name Joined Lotus, Raised Branch, courtesy name Pure, Belonging to Metal; the Yellow Emperor’s empress: sacred name Clear Camp, Lapel, courtesy name Bright, Settled Countenance.

The inner spirit of the souls and essences of the five emperors in the sun is called Pearl Radiance, Red Youth. It is said that those who know the name of the sun’s soul will remain free of illness throughout their lives and be protected from every kind of calamity. The Most High keeps the names of the sun and moon’s souls and spirits in the Jade Palace of Purple Emptiness, a celestial court in Daoist belief. Those who know these names can communicate with the spirits and command numinous beings.

The Scripture of Golden Truth and Jade Radiance

At the Beginning of Spring, in the Palace of Initial Yang in the Upper Prefecture of Blue Subtlety in the northeast, there is the Daoist Lord of Record and the Way, Yuanjing Sikong. His surname is Ge, and his sacred name is Great Incantation Offering.

At the Spring Equinox, in the Mysterious Subtlety Palace in the Upper Prefecture of Blue Yang in the east, there is the Daoist Lord, the Elder Laozi of Initial Radiance. His surname is Yu, and his sacred name is Hidden, Serene, and Deep.

At the Beginning of Summer, in the Taiwei Palace of the Upper Prefecture of Lesser Yang in the southeast, there is the Dao Lord of Limitless Dao, Dark Radiance and Jade Light, surnamed Wang and named Wuying.

At the Summer Solstice, in the Ziwei Palace of the Upper Prefecture of Greater Yang in the south, and in the Xuanwei Palace of the Upper Prefecture of the Grand Marshal of Empty Radiance, there is the Dao Lord Laozi of Primordial Radiance, surnamed Yu and named Youwan.

At the Beginning of Summer, in the Taiwei Palace of the Upper Prefecture of Lesser Yang in the southeast, there is the Dao Lord of Limitless Dao, Dark Radiance and Jade Light, surnamed Wang and named Wuying.

At the Summer Solstice, in the Ziwei Palace of the Upper Prefecture of Greater Yang in the south, there is the Dao Lord Yuanshi of Empty Radiance, Grand Marshal, surnamed Xuan and named Boyang.

At the Beginning of Autumn, in the Lingwei Yang Palace of the Upper Prefecture of Lesser Yin in the southwest, there is the Dao Lord of the Great One of Primordial Radiance and the Subtle Heavens, surnamed Huang and named Yunzhu.

At the Autumn Equinox, in the Jingwei Dui Office of the Upper Prefecture of Greater Yin in the west, there is the Dao Lord of Bright Radiance and Great Harmony, surnamed Hao and named Renyi.

At the Beginning of Winter, in the Qingwei Palace of the Upper Prefecture of Yin Radiance in the northwest, there is the Dao Lord of the Archivist of Cavern Radiance and Greater Yang, surnamed Xuan and named Yuanfu.

At the Winter Solstice, in the Daowei Palace of the Upper Prefecture of Yin Essence in the north, there is the Dao Lord of Remonstrance, Dark Harmony, surnamed Wang and named Yinjing.

The names of the Sun’s Hun (the spirit corresponding to the sun) are composed of the characters “Vermilion Radiance, Illuminating Silk, Green Reflection, Returning Rosy Clouds, Red Child, Dark Flame, and Whirling Image.” Together, these make up sixteen characters and serve as the Sun’s surname.

The names of the Moon’s Po (the spirit corresponding to the moon) are composed of the characters “Warm Flute, Fragrant Beauty, Shrouded Vastness, Graceful Void, Numinous Orchid, Lush Splendor, Linked Plume, Stillness, Golden Essence, Flourishing Radiance, Rongtai, and Biao.” Together, these make up twenty-four characters and serve as the Moon’s personal name.

Scripture on Absorbing the Sun and Moon’s Yellow Brilliance and Eight Essences:

Primordial Su, Beginning Su, Dark Su, Elemental Su, Purple Su, Yellow Su, White Su, and Flying Su.

Scripture of the Great Clarity, Upper Classic, on the Transformations of the Seventy-Four Methods:

The Lord of Registers and Commander of Life, Master of the Southern Pole and Chief of All the Perfect Ones of Highest Clarity, is surnamed Wang, named Gaisheng, and styled Yidu.

The Eight Visions of the Upper Origin and Highest Perfection.

The Emperor’s Elder of the Primordial Beginning, named Yanshi, courtesy name Guan Wulan.

The King of the Nine Heavens of Lofty Numen, named Shangguan Dong, courtesy name Yun Fan.

The Elder of the Nine Heavens of Jade Truth, named Yanshi Ming, courtesy name Xi Shanglian.

The Elder of the Three Heavens of the August Ancestor, named Shang Dingzhuang, courtesy name Ming Fan.

The Jade Youth of the Three Upper Heavens, named Gao Yuxian, courtesy name Wuchang Zai.

The Elder of the Nine Empyreans of the Jade Emperor, named Shangguan, courtesy name Tong Daming.

The True King of Purple Radiance in the Nine Empyreans, named Ling Rui, courtesy name Ying Guanshi.

The Lord of the Lofty Void Emperor, named Youzao, courtesy name Da Falang.

Eight Luminaries of the True Ones of the Upper Origin:

The Lord of the Way of the Purple Void, Lofty Upper Origin Emperor, named Ming Shangji, courtesy name Fei Mingfan.

The Lord of the Jade Void of the August Ancestor, named Ming Shilan, courtesy name Qu Changqing.

The Lord of the August Ancestor of the Three Origins and Great Luminosity, named Ji Xinping, courtesy name Ling Jiehua.

The Master of the Ten Thousand Beginnings of the August Emperor, named You Langlan, courtesy name Tong Dafan.

The Lord of the Jade Emperor of the August Emperor.

The August Lord of the Highest Purple Pole, Lofty Void of Great Simplicity.

The Lord of the Central Origin, Mian Ting of the Purple Orchid of Void Luminosity.

The Lord of Purple Dawn, Master of the Jade Emperor of the Purple Void.

Eight Luminaries of the Lower True Ones of the Upper Origin:

The Lord of Purple Essence of the Three Origins of the Purple Void.

The Lord of the Dark One, Primordial Elder of True Yang.

The Lord of the August Ancestor and August Emperor of the Purple Void.

The Primordial Lord of Azure Numen and Yang Peace.

The True Lord of the August Purity Cavern of the Purple Void.

The Lord of Great Simplicity, Lofty Primordial Numen.

Eight Luminaries of the True Ones of the Middle Origin:

The Lord of the Lofty Void Emperor of the Northern Mystery.

The Lord of the Lofty Void Emperor of the Southern Vermilion.

The Lord of the Lofty Void Emperor of the Western Splendor.

The Lord of the Lofty Void Emperor of the Eastern Luminosity.

The Lord of the Void Emperor in the Central Lodge of the Middle Origin.

The Lofty Lord of the Five Numinous Powers and Seven Luminosities, Born of the Confluence.

The Primordial Lord of the Numinous Emperor, Mysterious Elder Without Peer of the Three Origins.

The Lord of the Lofty Void Emperor of the Mysterious Eastern Luminosity.

The Lord of the Void Emperor in the Central Lodge of the Middle Origin.

The High Lord Who Intermingles the Five Spirits and Seven Luminaries.

The Primordial Lord of the Three Origins, Supreme Mysterious Elder and Numinous Sovereign.

The Lord of Mysterious Stillness, Nine Origins, and the Upper Void.

The Eight Luminaries of the Central Origin, Central Truth

The Supreme Lord of Great Brightness, Numinous Radiance, and Central Truth.

The Primordial Numinous Lord of the Three Origins and Four Extremes, Mysterious and Exalted in the Upper Void.

The Lord of the Primordial Terrace, Sovereign of the Three Origins, Morning Center, and Yellow Luminary.

The Lord of the Four Elders Above, in the Center of the Dao.

The Lord of the True Primordial Womb, Sovereign of the Three Origins, Purple Reflected Radiance, and Spirit of the Void.

The Supreme True Lord of Mysterious Subtlety, Great Purity, and the Great Dao.

The Dao Lord of the Primordial Luminary of the Great Dao and Supreme Ultimate.

The Lord of the Purple Origin of the Primordial Beginning.

The Eight Luminaries of the Lower Central Origin, Lower Truth

The Lord of the Upper Elder, No-English, of Central Truth.

The Lord of Mysterious Emptiness, Supreme Truth, and Grotto Luminary.

The Primordial Lord of Jade Worthies, Great Intestine, and Nine Qi.

The Primordial Lord of the Golden Flower Luminary, Great Beginning, and Nine Purities.

The Lord of Life Command, Supreme Truth, and the Nine Sovereigns.

The Lord of Jade Radiance and the Three Origins, Supreme Truth and Heavenly Sovereign.

The Lord of the Yellow Chamber and True Dawn.

The Lord of the Prohibitions of the Supreme One, South Pole, and Upper Origin.

The Scripture of the Yellow Qi and Yang Essence That Conceal Heaven and Hide the Moon

At the autumn equinox, the Lady of White Radiance in the Moon, whose surname is Xiao and given name is Jade Essence.

At the winter solstice, the Lady of Mysterious Radiance in the Moon, whose surname is Bo and given name is Hidden Radiance.

At the spring equinox, the Lady of Green Radiance, whose surname is Yang and given name is Illumination Through.

At the summer solstice, the Lady of Vermilion Radiance, whose surname is Qin and given name is Flourishing Mirror.

The Names and Taboo Names of the Seven Children of the Seven Luminaries

The taboo name of the First Child is Pivot Brightness.

The taboo name of the Second Child is Luminary Spirit.

The taboo name of the Third Child is Northern Origin.

The taboo name of the Fourth Child is Precious Essence.

The taboo name of the Fifth Child is Cinnabar Babe.

The taboo name of the Sixth Child is Clear Emptiness.

The taboo name of the Seventh Child is Purple Jade.

The Scripture of Purple Transcendence, Blazing Radiance, and Spirit’s Mysterious Transformation

The Superior Method of Turning Back the Spirit, Flying to the Empyrean, Ascending into the Void, and Summoning the Five Stars

The Azure Emperor of the East is named Through-Illumination, with the courtesy name Canopy Minister.

The four true spirits within the liver are named Lord Azure Brightness.

The Supreme Method of Returning the Spirit, Soaring to the Heavens, and Summoning the Five Stars: This practice regulates the body and mind through inner visualization and contemplation. The “Five Stars” refers to the emperors of the five directions and the corresponding true spirits within the organs.

The Azure Emperor of the East is named Tongming, with the courtesy name Gaiqing. Within the liver are four true spirits, collectively called the Azure Luminosity Lords, with the courtesy name Luminous Wheel Boys.

The Vermilion Emperor of the South is named Taiyang, with the courtesy name Youlin. Within the Crimson Palace—the seat of the heart—is a Primordial Elixir Sovereign Lord named Spirit-Moving Pearl, with the courtesy name Southern Elixir Child. He is also called Senior Life-Giver and Shi Yunjou.

The White Emperor of the West is named Tongyin, with the courtesy name Yuanqi. Within the lungs are six true spirits, collectively called the Jade Maidens of the Upper Element, with the courtesy name Liang Nanzhong Boy.

The Black Emperor of the North is named Tongshen, with the courtesy name Zigui. Within the kidneys are seven true spirits, collectively called the Mysterious Yang Lord, with the courtesy name Master Dark Light.

The Yellow Emperor of the Center is named Wanfu, with the courtesy name Taicang. Within the spleen are five true spirits, collectively called the Nurturing Light Lord, with the courtesy name Taichang.

The Upper Mysterious Primordial Father Lord is named Gao Tongsheng, with the courtesy name Returning Light on the Left. The Lower Mysterious Primordial Mother is named Uncle Fire King, with the courtesy name Returning Radiance on the Right.

The Method of Inner Contemplation for Calming the Spirits, Nurturing Life, and Becoming an Immortal Who Soars: This is a practice of inner visualization in which one contemplates the spirits in different parts of the body to settle the mind and nourish life.

The spirit of the hair is named Azure Radiance, with the courtesy name Great Origin; the spirit of the brain is named Essence Root, with the courtesy name Muddy Pellet; the spirit of the eyes is named Radiance Above, with the courtesy name Mysterious Brilliance; the spirit of the nose is named Jade Ridge, with the courtesy name Numinous Firmness; the spirit of the ears is named Empty Leisure, with the courtesy name Secluded Field; the spirit of the tongue is named Connecting Life, with the courtesy name Correct Order; the spirit of the teeth is named Blade Edge, with the courtesy name Luo Qian; the spirit of the heart is named Cinnabar Origin, with the courtesy name Guarding the Numinous; the spirit of the lungs is named Bright Radiance, with the courtesy name Emptiness Fulfilled; the spirit of the liver is named Dragon Mist, with the courtesy name Containing Brilliance; the spirit of the kidneys is named Mysterious Darkness, with the courtesy name Nurturing the Infant; the spirit of the spleen is named Ever Present, with the courtesy name Soul at Rest; and the spirit of the gallbladder is named Dragon Radiance, with the courtesy name Majestic Brilliance.

The essence and blood have three true spirits, collectively called the Primordial Life Lord, with the courtesy name Yellow Peace, Mysterious Child. The bones and joints have two true spirits, collectively called the Firm Jade Lord, with the courtesy name Condensed Feather Pearl.

Within the heart is a true deity named Lord Heavenly Essence-Fliud, styled Flying Life, Exalted Hero.

Among the Nine Origins of the True, the male deity is named Restraining Control, styled Son of the Emperor.

The Purple Plain Left Origin Lord (the original spirit on the left side of the body) is named Veiled Gloom, Unbladed, styled Peaceful Arrival Above.

The Yellow Plain Central Origin Lord (the original spirit in the middle of the body) is named Rounded Splendor, Yellow Blade, styled Great Stretch Above.

The White Plain Right Origin Lord (the original spirit on the right side of the body) is named Dawn Clarifier, Flute Blade, styled Golden Gate Above.

The Director of Fate in the sun, the deity who governs life and longevity, is named Life Receiver, styled Spirit Communicator.

The Peach Lord in the moon is named Square Fullness, styled Linked Beam.

The One-Origin White Qi Lord in the womb is named Dark Mystery, styled Nurturing Life Above.

The essence, Qi, spirit, and soul of Taiyi is named Life Receiver, styled Spirit Communicator.

The Peach Lord in the moon is named Square Fullness, styled Linked Beam.

The One-Origin White Qi Lord in the womb is named Dark Mystery, styled Nurturing Life Above.

The essence, Qi, spirit, and soul of Taiyi is named Dark Return, styled Flourishing Prosperity.

The Azure Qi Lord in the root knot of the throat is named Case of Prolonged Prosperity, styled Harmonious Child.

The essence and soul of the Infant Origin Lord is named Grain Protector, styled Bright Heaven.

The Black Qi Lord in the joints is named Bestowed Life, styled Essence Above the Gate.

The essence and soul of the True Emperor is named Life of the Hidden Terrace, styled Pouring Life Above.

The Yellow Qi Lord in the womb is named Ancestor of the Bright Chariot, styled Spirit Without Limit.

The essence and soul of the Heavenly Emperor is named Principle of Hidden Order, styled Dharma Pearl.

The Red Qi Lord in the blood at the roots of the two orifices is named Blended Separation, styled Uncle Guarding Firmness.

The essence and soul of the Director of Fate is named Knotted Hair, styled Auspicious Mystery.

The Upper Dark Origin Father Lord is named High Fellow Life, styled Left Turning Brightness.

The Lower Dark Origin Mother is named Uncle Fire King, styled Right Turning Radiance.

The Imperial Taiyi is named Hall of the Jade Intestines, styled Eight Spirits.

The Soul of the Nine Passes is named Green Return to the Dao, styled Severing Darkness.

The Imperial Soul of the Heavenly Order is named Illumination Without Ah, styled Expansive Spirit.

When practicing the “Way of Hidden Radiance,” one should keep “the Subtle and Inaudible” in mind through focused inner visualization, contemplating a profound and mysterious realm that is difficult to perceive.

The personal name of the Azure Emperor Lord is Record of Abundant Growth.

The personal name of the Red Emperor Lord is Determined Radiance, Yan.

The personal name of the White Emperor Lord is Liang Abyss Stone.

The personal name of the Black Emperor Lord is Qi Primordial Whirl.

The personal name of the Supreme Emperor Lord is Receive the Empty, Son of Numinous Subtlety.

The Central Emperor Lord’s personal name was Kang Ew en. In cultivation, he sought to encounter the subtle and elusive Dao through visualization, focused contemplation.

The Azure Emperor Lord’s personal name was Lu Fengzi; the Red Emperor Lord’s, Ding Guangyan; the White Emperor Lord’s, Liang Yuanshi; and the Black Emperor Lord’s, Qi Yuanxuan.

The High Emperor Lord’s personal name was Jie Kongzi Lingwei; the Central Emperor Lord’s, Kang Ewen Xuanwei; and the Lower Emperor Lord’s, Hong Yongzi.

The True Emperor Lord of Subtle Mystery’s personal name was Si Dengju; the Inner Emperor Lord of the Nine Mysteries’, Shen Mingxian.

The following are the titles of the inner consorts who attend the Nine Star Emperor Lords. Inner consorts are goddesses serving the Star Lords, and their titles often suggest divine roles such as protection and transformation.

The First Star Emperor Lord’s inner consort oversees transformation and concealment. Her name is Taiyi Fatan, and her courtesy name is Xing Zhengfu.

The Second Star Emperor Lord’s inner consort oversees protecting the fetus and transforming its form. Her name is Taiyi Sanlai Weng, and her courtesy name is Luo Zhuying.

The Third Star Emperor Lord’s Upper Primordial Cinnabar Mother oversees the Six Evasions and Seven Concealments. Her name is Taiyi Lingyi, and her courtesy name is Chong Shuangzhao.

The Fourth Star Emperor Lord’s inner consort oversees hiding the body and dimming its radiance. Her name is Taiyi Qilie, and her courtesy name is Heng Danpan.

The Fifth Star Emperor Lord’s eldest daughter in the Dipper oversees transforming bodies and appearances. Her name is Taiyi Yushu, and her courtesy name is Chou Qiulan.

The Sixth Star Emperor Lord’s middle daughter in the Dipper oversees concealing traces and dispersing forms. Her name is Taiyi Qijing, and her courtesy name is Bao Dingling.

The Seventh Star Emperor Lord’s youngest daughter in the Dipper oversees dividing appearances and transforming into myriad forms. Her name is Taiyi Yumo, and her courtesy name is Tian Fanshu.

The Eighth Star Emperor Lord’s Left Consort of the High Sovereign in the Dipper oversees bringing forth the sun and moon, water and fire. Her name is Taiyi Shiqizhu, and her courtesy name is Luo Maohua.

The Ninth Star Emperor Lord’s Right Consort of the High Sovereign in the Dipper oversees bringing forth metals and stones, mountains and rivers. Her name is Taiyi Aixiu, and her courtesy name is Yun Yuxuan.

The true forms of the nine Emperor Lords are called “Impermanent Youths.”

The names of the Nine Stars are as follows:

The essence of the First Star is called the Great Star, and its name is Xuanshu.

The essence of the Second Star is called the Primordial Star, and its name is Beitai.

The essence of the third, the Zhen Star, is called the Supreme True One of the Nine Poles. The essence of the fourth, the Niu Star, is called Revolving Root. The essence of the fifth, the Gang Star, is called Heavenly Balance. The essence of the sixth, the Ji Star, is called Mandate Pivot. The essence of the seventh, the Guan Star, is called Mysterious Yang. The essence of the eighth, the Di Star, is called the Most High Jade Emperor. The essence of the ninth, the Zun Star, is called the Emperor Lord of Great Subtlety.

Ordinarily, one should enter a room at dawn, when the sun rises, face east, and visualize the names of the youths of the five directions. Visualization is a method of Daoist cultivation in which one focuses inwardly on imagining the forms or names of deities.

The youth of blue light in the east is named Blue Jade, with the courtesy name Flying Upright. The youth of red light in the south is named Cinnabar Radiance, with the courtesy name Mysterious Record. The youth of white light in the west is named Bright Splendor, with the courtesy name Spirit-Returning Son. The youth of black light in the north is named Mysterious Clarity, with the courtesy name Taiyin Script. The youth of yellow light at the center is named Holding Loyalty, with the courtesy name Yellow Register Son.

The rosy clouds of the five directions each have a taboo name: the eastern blue cloud is called Flying Emptiness; the western white cloud, Pure Hut; the southern red cloud, Cinnabar Reflection; the northern black cloud, Mysterious Form; and the central yellow cloud, Gathering Life.

The Upper Scripture of the Golden Root in the Purple Book of the Azure Essentials of Shangqing records: The Lord Emperor of Azure Essentials has the surname Yao, and the taboo name and courtesy name Bokaikai. The Sun’s Hun is named Pearl-Splendor Illuminating, Concealing, Green-Reflecting, Returning Rosy Clouds, Red Youth, Mysterious Flame, and Whirlwind Image. The Moon’s Po is named Warm, Rustling, Fragrant, Radiant, Veiled, Vast, Graceful, Empty, Numinous, Orchid, Lush, Splendid, Knotted, Plumed, Still, Golden Essence, Nurturing, Bright, Countenance, and Terrace Standard. The taboo name and courtesy name of the True Woman of the Nine Heavens are missing from the original text.

The Lower Scripture of the Golden Root in the Purple Book of the Azure Essentials of Shangqing records that the Eastern Florescent Azure Palace has six gates. The eastern gate is named Warm, Rustling, Fragrant, Radiant, Veiled, Vast, Graceful, Empty, Numinous, Orchid, Lush, Splendid, Knotted, Plumed, Still, Golden Essence, Nurturing, Bright, Countenance, and Terrace Standard. The taboo name and courtesy name of the True Woman of the Nine Heavens are missing from the original text. The eastern gate attendant, a divine official who guards the gate, has the surname Qiu and is named Boyuan.

The gatekeeper of the southern gate was surnamed Wang and named Zusi; the gatekeeper of the western gate was surnamed Tang and named Shangjie; the gatekeeper of the northern gate was surnamed Shi and named Shaohua; the gatekeeper of the southeastern gate was surnamed Wen and named Wuche; and the gatekeeper of the northeastern gate was surnamed Xuan and named Hanyong.

The Jing of Plain Words on the Three-Nine True Instructions of the Jade Essence of Shangqing records: the Eastern Azure Emperor, the Ninefold-Spirit Perfected of Lesser Yang, was named Juchangsheng; the Southern Red Emperor, the Southern Pole Perfected of Greater Yang, was named Rongshangsheng; the Western White Emperor, the Pure-Spirit Perfected of Lesser Yin, was named Ruming; the Northern Black Emperor, the Mysterious-Spirit Perfected of Greater Yin, was named Mingxuanxia; the Central Yellow Emperor, the Three-Spirit Perfected Who Presides Over the Origin, was named Yuanhua; and the High Emperor of Jade Clarity, the Supreme Perfected, was named Taixu.

The Jing of the Three Primordial Distributions in the Jade Register of the Three Primordials of Shangqing records: the Lord of the Three Primordials of Great Simplicity was named Zhenghuitiao, with the courtesy name Lingtingying.

The Jing of the Eight Arts for Concealing Oneself in the Earth, from the Essence of the Dao in the Cinnabar Radiance mentions the Primordial Lady of Purple Clarity, but does not record her name here.

The Wondrous Jing of Great Being in the Mysterious Cavern of the Pure Spirit records: the Primordial Lady of Bright Origin, Radiant Luminosity, and Extended Spirit was named Xuanhun, with the courtesy name Lingyuan; the Heavenly Lord of Lesser Yang and Opening Illumination was named Changjun, with the courtesy name Boxuan; and the Lord of Greater Yang was named Qiming, with the courtesy name Zhenwei.

There were also the Lord of Primordial Destiny, named Shiming, with the courtesy name Hunsheng; the Lord Who Illuminates the Treasure-Soul and Shining-Po, named Feisheng, with the courtesy name Shouming; the Jade Maiden of Constant Yang, named Huijing, with the courtesy name E’jing; the Jade Youth of the Crimson Palace, named Shangxuan, with the courtesy name Shengling; the Immortal Youth of Emerald Spirit, named Anlai, with the courtesy name Xuanyao; the Jade Maiden of Great Cinnabar and Red Gui, named Chengling, with the courtesy name Jingzheng; the Sovereign Lord of the Great Spirit Mechanism, named Jinghua, with the courtesy name Yuanjing; the Lord Who Registers Longevity, named Dusheng, with the courtesy name Yanzheng; and the Lord of the Mysterious Heaven and Great Void, named Wuqiongzi, with the courtesy name Yundu.

The personal name of the Most High August Sovereign is Chengtian, and his courtesy name is Yinyuan.

The five divine lords Sima, Silu, Siwei, Sifei, and Dusheng—who respectively govern human lifespans, records of merits and faults, dangers, transgressions, and deliverance—have the personal name Dushi and the courtesy name Yansheng.

The Great Scarlet August Numinous Treasure Lord of the Luminous Hun and Po has the personal name Xuangu and the courtesy name Wuzhong.

The Tongling Immortal Youth, an immortal youth endowed with the power to communicate with spirits, has the personal name Lingqi and the courtesy name Shengyou.

The Zhizhong Jade Youth, a jade youth entrusted with the duties of loyalty and rectitude, has the personal name Fahua and the courtesy name Exian.

The Yellow-Silk Jade Maiden, a goddess dressed in plain yellow robes, has the personal name Zunhei and the courtesy name Taisu.

“Precious Names of the Inner Perfected and Immortal Officials of the Dongyuan, Dongxuan, and Transformed Unity” is the title of the following register of Inner Perfected Ones and immortal officials.

The Primordial Venerable Great Immortal Lord has the personal name Haosi and the courtesy name Jiyuan.

The Star of the Celestial Pivot Radiance Lord has the personal name Hunjing and the courtesy name Haozhen.

The August Sovereign White Man Lord has the personal name Haodan and the courtesy name Zhenglun.

The Primordial Radiance Yudan Lord has the personal name Beihao and the courtesy name Tingyuan.

The Great Ultimate Five Sacred Mountains Immortal Lord has the personal name Farong and the courtesy name Baiyuan.

The Primordial August Precious Po and Luminous Hun Lord has the personal name Feisheng and the courtesy name Shengwu.

The Luminous Numinous Primordial Transformation Jade Youth has the personal name Youjing and the courtesy name Biantong.

The Numinous Immortal Jade Youth has the personal name Chongyuan and the courtesy name Beiji.

The Golden Tower Jade Maiden has the personal name E’lian and the courtesy name Huijing.

The True Lord of the Bright Youth of the Bright Hall, a divine lord associated with the Bright Hall, has the personal name Xuanyang and the courtesy name Shaoqing.

The Bright Mirror Divine Lord has the personal name Zhaojing and the courtesy name Siming.

The Midday-Born Lord of the Xuandan Palace, a divine lord who dwells in the Xuandan Palace and corresponds to the energy of midday, has the personal name Guiying and the courtesy name Huaxuan.

The Mother of the Jade Clarity has the surname Lian, the personal name Yu, and the courtesy name Huangyan.

The True Maiden of the Highest Clarity has the surname Jue, the personal name Hui, and the courtesy name Bilei.

The Imperial Consort of the Great Ultimate has the surname Xuan, the personal name Xusheng, and the courtesy name Bowu.

The Consort of the Most High Lord has the surname Qian, the personal name Han’hai, and the courtesy name Henü.

The text later repeats the surname, personal name, and courtesy name of the True Maiden of the Highest Clarity and the Imperial Consort of the Great Ultimate. It also repeats the Consort of the Most High Lord’s surname Qian, personal name Han’hai, and courtesy name He. It then lists another goddess with the surname Jue, the personal name Hui, and the courtesy name Bilei.

In the palace of the Middle Dantian, there is a One-Origin Elixir Sovereign, whose personal name is Spirit-Transporting Pearl and whose courtesy name is Southern Elixir Child. He is also known as Elder of Rising Life and Historian Cloud-Binder.

To his left is an Assistant Sovereign Minister, whose personal name is Central Radiance Firm and whose courtesy name is Spirit of Four Transformations. He is also known as Elder of the Hidden Chariot and Historian Dong Shihua.

In the palace of the Dantian at the Gate of Life, there is an infant whose personal name is Inception Bright Essence and whose courtesy name is Flourishing Original Yang. He is also known as the Embryonic Infant and Elder Historian Yuan.

To his right is a Minister Who Quells and Assists, whose personal name is Returning to the Upper Brightness and whose courtesy name is Valley Below the Mystery. He is also known as Elder Feng Shen and Radiant Life-Bearer.

The Scripture of the Seven Transformations and Heavenly Dance of the Divine Land of Highest Clarity

The Master of the Upper Sovereign, the Purple Dawn Lord, has the personal name Wave Sovereign and the courtesy name Tiger Wind.

The personal names of the Rosy Clouds of the Five Directions are recorded in The Scripture of Purple Measures and Flaming Radiance and are not repeated here.

In the sun is a Young Yang Lord, surnamed Yi, named Zhao Ling.

In the moon is the Maiden of Lunar Yin, E Jing, whose personal name is E Jing.

In the left eye is a Radiant Yang Lord, whose personal name is Red Essence.

In the right eye is a Jade Maiden Who Penetrates Essence, surnamed Nan, named E Yan.

The Sovereign Lord of Jupiter, the Wood Star, has the personal name Clear Waves and the courtesy name Purely Congealed.

The Sovereign Lord of Mars, the Fire Star, has the personal name Maintained Stillness and the courtesy name Dispersed Fusion.

The Sovereign Lord of Venus, the Metal Star, has the personal name Vast and Clear and the courtesy name Quaking Search.

The Sovereign Lord of Mercury, the Water Star, has the personal name Inception E Yan.

The Sovereign Lord of Jupiter has the personal name Clear Waves and the courtesy name Purely Congealed.

The Sovereign Lord of Mars has the personal name Maintained Stillness and the courtesy name Dispersed Fusion.

The Sovereign Lord of Venus has the personal name Vast and Clear and the courtesy name Quaking Search.

The Sovereign Lord of Mercury has the personal name Inception Xuan and the courtesy name Essence Source.

The Sovereign Lord of Saturn, the Earth Star, has the personal name Hidden Harmony and the courtesy name Deeply Extending.

The Scripture of the Three Charts of the Heavenly Pass and the Seven Stars’ Shifting Courses of Highest Clarity

No names of the Perfected Lords are listed.

The Supreme One’s Six Jia and Nine Red-Ban Talismans

No names of the Perfected Lords are listed.

The Scripture of the Divine Tiger’s Upper Talisman, Dispelling Demons and Wisdom

The Heavenly Emperor of Taiwei is known internally as the Lord of the Great One, Beginning of the Dark Heaven, Who Transcends Stagnation and Crosses the Firmament.

One Scroll of the Secret Talisman of the Five Phases from the Instructions on Qu Su

No names of the Perfected Lords are listed.

The Scripture of Flying Through the Air on White Feathers and Black Wings

The great deity among the stars of the Dipper is named Strange Knot and has the courtesy name Spiritually Strong.

The Upper Scripture of the Inner Text of the Azure Lad of Foreign Lands

The secret names of the true gods.

End of scroll one of The Secret Writings on the Perfected and Saints in the Shangqing Scriptures.

The Secret Writings on the Perfected and Saints in the Shangqing Scriptures, scroll two

The Lower Scripture of the Inner Writings of the Blue Youth on the Chapter of Emancipation from Foreign Lands

First, the Heaven of Boundless Solitude, without scenery or color: the Heavenly King Yingchi, surnamed Hun, with the secret name Zhāluó.

Second, the Clear Subtle Heaven, without form: the Heavenly King Huasheng, surnamed Feng, with the secret name Tí’āshā.

Third, the Heaven of Polamanu, without essence: the Heavenly King Xuanhei, surnamed Yun, with the secret name Kuílíng.

Fourth, the Heaven of Entering the Form Waters, countless billions of Luotian: the Heavenly King Feizong, surnamed Wang, with the secret name Aheng.

Fifth, the Heaven of Boundless Longevity, the Supreme, Supreme Dhyana of Perfect Goodness, the Ultimate Grotto of Clear Emptiness: the Heavenly King Yunluo, surnamed Qi, with the secret name Wánmínchì.

Sixth, the Heaven of Yu Yu, the Subtle and Natural, Dark and Mysterious, Above the Void: the Heavenly King Fanyan, surnamed Luo, with the secret name Bōlítú.

Seventh, the Pure Heaven of Xuanqing’s Upper Qi, Nàshǒuyuē: the Heavenly King Xuanna, surnamed Fan, with the secret name Móshǒubō.

Eighth, the Pure Heaven of Jīnà’è, where the Upper Clear Qi of Brahma’s Practice resides: the Heavenly King Xuanxie, surnamed Qian, with the secret name Shǒukē.

Ninth, the Heaven of Xūyán, the Boundless Grotto of Void at the Highest Summit: the Heavenly King Huimo, surnamed Ze, with the secret name Ōuwányún.

Tenth, the Bright and Pure Heaven of Xuanfan Yuxu, without essence or Luojia: the Heavenly King Yun’a, surnamed Zhou, with the secret name Ājiāxū.

Eleventh, the Upper Numinous Red Heaven of the Primordial Dark Origin: the Heavenly King Zhongmu, surnamed Dan, with the secret name Qīngjìngyāng.

Twelfth, the Heaven of Great Brahma’s Primordial Qi and Harmony: the Heavenly King Shizao, surnamed Gu, with the secret name Fēnruò.

The text lists twelve tiers of heaven and the Heavenly King of each, recording their surnames and secret names. Such names are titles of celestial realms and divine Perfected Ones found in Daoist scriptures; “secret name” refers to a deity’s proper name.

The twelfth heaven is named “Great Brahma Heaven of the Primordial Qi, Harmony, and Separation.” Its heavenly king is called Shizao, with the surname Gu and the taboo name Fenruo.

The thirteenth heaven is named “Heaven of Limitless High Emptiness, Jade Void, and Mysterious Cavernous Stillness.” Its heavenly king is called Wujia, with the surname Pan and the taboo name Qianjie.

The fourteenth heaven is named “Heaven of the Mysterious Marvels of Brahma’s Formless Supreme Truth and Qi.” Its heavenly king is called Yunchi, with the surname Sui and the taboo name Limuyin.

The fifteenth heaven is named “Heaven of Flying Brahma, True Practice, Supreme Mystery, Lingman, and Blessings of De.” Its heavenly king is called Buli, with the surname Wang and the taboo name Weiboli.

The sixteenth heaven is named “Heaven of Cloud Brahma, Flowing Essence, the Central Origin, and Nearby Wufang H Ting.” Its heavenly king is called Shiliang, with the surname Zhu and the taboo name Li’ai.

The seventeenth heaven is named “Heaven of Mysterious Supreme Caverns, Utmost Limitlessness, and Untroubled Joy.” Its heavenly king has the surname Ning and the taboo name Er’er’er.

The eighteenth heaven is named “Great Brahma’s Mysterious Heaven, Primordial Essence, Dahe, and Nearby Jiyu.” Its heavenly king has the surname A and the taboo name Mingxiu.

The nineteenth heaven is named “Heaven of Practicing Brahma, Purple Void, the Supreme Origin, the First Belt, and Swift Vision.” Its heavenly king has the surname Liu and the taboo name Qieshan.

The twentieth heaven is named “Heaven of the Void Brahma, Supreme Clarity, Transforming Spirits, and the Suda Bond of Love.” Its heavenly king has the surname Peng and the taboo name Yina.

The twenty-first heaven is named “Heaven of the Supreme Limit, Unshadowed Caverns, Subtle Transformation, and Responsive Voices.” Its heavenly king has the surname Hui and the taboo name Ranghuan.

The twenty-second heaven is named “Great Brahma’s Nine Mysteries, the Central Origin, A Gei, and the Way of De.” Its heavenly king has the surname Qian and the taboo name Nihou.

The twenty-third heaven is named “Heaven of Practicing Brahma, Primordial Clarity, Lower Spirits, Qi, and Xuyuan.” Its heavenly king has the surname Zhou and the taboo name Nanshou.

The heavenly king of the twenty-fourth heaven has the surname Hui and the taboo name Ranghuan.

The twenty-fifth heaven is named “Heaven of the Utmost Brahma, Subtle Caverns, Nine Spirits, Qi, Xudai, and Anana.” Its heavenly king has the surname Zhu and the taboo name Minghe.

The twenty-sixth heaven is named “Heaven of the Primordial Name, Utmost Limit, Subtle Caverns, and Brahma’s Treasure.” Its heavenly king has the surname Jing and the taboo name Wuyunma.

The twenty-seventh heaven is named “Heaven of Subtle Brahma, Mysterious Heaven, Qi, Dai Shan, Gei, and the Way of De.”

The Heavenly King’s surname was Luo, and his personal name was Xiu’amo.

The twenty-seventh heaven is called “The Heaven of Void Brahma, the Cicada-like Qi, and Awakening Wisdom.”

The Heavenly King’s surname was Yun, and his personal name was Wutuo.

The twenty-eighth heaven is called “The Heaven of Empty Brahma, the Central Heaven, the Continuation of the Origin, and Yishan.”

The Heavenly King’s surname was Zhu, and his personal name was Zhongsheng.

The twenty-ninth heaven is called “The Heaven of the Boundless Taiji, the Purple Void, the Hidden Grotto, and Brahma Jiamoyi.”

The Heavenly King’s surname was Xuan, and his personal name was Erhong.

The thirtieth heaven is called “The Heaven of Green Brahma, Natural Awakening, and Entry into Wisdom.”

The Heavenly King’s surname was Jia, and his personal name was Shiw enluo.

The thirty-first heaven is called “The Heaven of Dark Brahma, Great Practice, No Appearance, No Thought, and Wisdom.”

The Heavenly King’s surname was Yi, and his personal name was Tana.

The thirty-second heaven is called “The Heaven of Cloud Brahma, Ascending Practice, and Weixian Adan.”

The Heavenly King’s surname was Zhong, and his personal name was Yunxunbo.

The thirty-third heaven is called “The Heaven of Formlessness, Dark Clarity, Hidden Subtle Waves, and Lidah e.”

The Heavenly King’s surname was Wang, and his personal name was Ling[character unclear].

The thirty-fourth heaven is called “The Heaven of Hidden Subtlety, the Dark Heights of Brahma, Qi, and Agehan.”

The Heavenly King’s surname was Huan, and his personal name was Duoshizong.

The thirty-fifth heaven is called “The Heaven of Ugly Darkness, the Heights of Green Brahma, and Extinction.”

The Heavenly King’s surname was Zhu, and his personal name was Tuoyuntian.

The thirty-sixth heaven is called “The Heaven of Extreme Form, Ascending Practice, Brahma Mud, Weixian, and Ruona.”

The Heavenly King’s surname was Biao, and his personal name was Yuanzhu.

The Inner Names of the Thirty-Six Sounds of the Nine Earths of the Grotto Abyss

The first layer of earth is called “Layered-Colored Moist Earth.” Its proper sound—the orthodox inner sound-name—is:

The Earth Emperor’s surname was Qin, and his personal name was Kao Jingchun.

The traveling sound-name used in the course of operation for “Layered-Colored Moist Earth” is:

The Earth Emperor’s surname was Huang, and his personal name was Chang Shangwen.

The roaming sound-name used while moving about for “Layered-Colored Moist Earth” is:

The Earth Emperor’s surname was Qing; no personal name is recorded.

The proper and traveling sound-names for “Layered-Colored Moist Earth” are then listed again with the same content as above, followed by another mention of its roaming sound-name.

The Earth Sovereign, the deity who governs the land, has the surname Qing and the personal name Xuan Wenji.

The first layer of earth is called “Moist, Lush Earth,” corresponding to the Correct Sound.

The Earth Sovereign has the surname Fei and the personal name Zhong Zhenhuang.

The second layer is called “Firm-Colored Earth,” corresponding to the Correct Sound.

The Earth Sovereign has the surname Xu and the personal name Shen Wenguang.

The second layer, “Firm-Colored Earth,” corresponds to the Traveling Sound.

The Earth Sovereign has the surname Yu and the personal name Huang Musheng.

The second layer, “Firm-Colored Earth,” corresponds to the Wandering Sound.

The Earth Sovereign has the surname Xuan and the personal name Qian Dewei.

The second layer, “Firm-Colored Earth,” corresponds to the Brahma Sound.

The Earth Sovereign has the surname Chang and the personal name Huang Meng.

The third layer is called “Stone-Grease, Colored-Luster Earth,” corresponding to the Correct Sound.

The Earth Sovereign has the surname Zhang and the personal name Wei Shen.

The third layer, “Stone-Grease, Colored-Luster Earth,” corresponds to the Traveling Sound.

The Earth Sovereign has the surname Zhou and the personal name Bo Shangren.

The third layer, “Stone-Grease, Colored-Luster Earth,” corresponds to the Wandering Sound.

The Earth Sovereign has the surname Zhu and the personal name Ming Chezi.

The third layer, “Stone-Grease, Colored-Luster Earth,” corresponds to the Brahma Sound.

The Earth Sovereign has the surname Geng and the personal name Wen Jingshi.

The fourth layer is called “Moist, Fertile Earth,” corresponding to the Correct Sound.

The Earth Sovereign has the surname Jia and the personal name Yun Zigao.

The fourth layer, “Moist, Fertile Earth,” corresponds to the Traveling Sound.

The Earth Sovereign has the surname Xie and the personal name Bo Wuyuan.

The fourth layer, “Moist, Fertile Earth,” corresponds to the Wandering Sound.

The Earth Sovereign has the surname Si and the personal name Wen Qin Zhen.

The fourth layer, “Moist, Fertile Earth,” corresponds to the Brahma Sound.

The Earth Sovereign has the surname Xing and the personal name Ji Zhengfang.

The fifth layer is called “Golden-Grain Marsh Earth,” corresponding to the Correct Sound.

The Earth Sovereign has the surname Hua and the personal name Yan Qiming.

The fifth layer, “Golden-Grain Marsh Earth,” corresponds to the Traveling Sound.

The Earth Sovereign has the surname Huang and the personal name Ling Woyong.

The fifth layer, “Golden-Grain Marsh Earth,” corresponds to the Wandering Sound.

The Earth Sovereign has the surname Yun and the personal name Tan Wuyuan.

The fifth layer, “Golden-Grain Marsh Earth,” corresponds to the Brahma Sound.

The Earth Sovereign has the surname Jiang and the personal name Tong Bag uang.

The sixth layer is called “Diamond-Iron Marsh Earth,” corresponding to the Correct Sound.

The Earth Sovereign has the surname Li and the personal name Shang Shaojun.

The sixth layer, “Diamond-Iron Marsh Earth,” corresponds to the Traveling Sound.

The Earth Sovereign (the deity who governs the terrestrial realm), surnamed Fan, has the personal name Lai Li’an.

The Earth Sovereign of the roaming sound (the category of sound produced as the land moves and travels) in the Sixth Layer, the Vajra Iron Marsh Land, is surnamed Zhang and has the personal name Li Jiyuan.

The Earth Sovereign of the Brahma sound (Brahma refers to a sacred, pure category of sound) in the Sixth Layer, the Vajra Iron Marsh Land, is surnamed Wang and has the personal name Si Nü’rong.

The Earth Sovereign of the orthodox sound in the Seventh Layer, the Water-Controlled Marsh Land, is surnamed Tang and has the personal name Chusheng Ying.

The traveling sound in the Seventh Layer, the Water-Controlled Marsh Land.

The Earth Sovereign of the Brahma sound in the Sixth Layer, the Vajra Iron Marsh Land, is surnamed Wang and has the personal name Si Nü’rong.

The Earth Sovereign of the orthodox sound in the Seventh Layer, the Water-Controlled Marsh Land, is surnamed Tang and has the personal name Chusheng Ying.

The Earth Sovereign of the traveling sound in the Seventh Layer, the Water-Controlled Marsh Land, is surnamed Wu and has the personal name Zhengfatu.

The Earth Sovereign of the roaming sound in the Seventh Layer, the Water-Controlled Marsh Land, is surnamed Han and has the personal name Gao Wenche.

The Earth Sovereign of the Brahma sound in the Seventh Layer, the Water-Controlled Marsh Land, is surnamed Jing and has the personal name Zhonglongshou.

The Earth Sovereign of the orthodox sound in the Eighth Layer, the Great Wind Marsh Land, is surnamed Ge and has the personal name Xu Shengxian.

The Earth Sovereign of the traveling sound in the Eighth Layer, the Great Wind Marsh Land, is surnamed Hua and has the personal name Mao Yunchang.

The Earth Sovereign of the roaming sound in the Eighth Layer, the Great Wind Marsh Land, is surnamed Yang and has the personal name Zhen Dongxuan.

The Earth Sovereign of the Brahma sound in the Eighth Layer, the Great Wind Marsh Land, is surnamed Zhou and has the personal name Shang Jingyuan.

The Qi orthodox-sound Earth Sovereign of the Ninth Layer, the Grotto Abyss, Colorless, Firm-Framework Land (a deep, secluded abyss, a firm-framework land without color or form), is surnamed Ji and has the personal name Wushang Xuan.

The Qi traveling-sound Earth Sovereign of the Ninth Layer, the Grotto Abyss, Colorless, Firm-Framework Land, is surnamed Sheng and has the personal name Ling Yuanhao.

The Qi roaming-sound Earth Sovereign of the Ninth Layer, the Grotto Abyss, Colorless, Firm-Framework Land, is surnamed Zhao and has the personal name Shang Boxuan.

The Qi Brahma-sound Earth Sovereign of the Ninth Layer, the Grotto Abyss, Colorless, Firm-Framework Land, is surnamed Nong and has the personal name Qin Wubo. Surnamed Sheng, personal name Ling Yuanhao.

The Qi roaming-sound Earth Sovereign of the Ninth Layer, the Grotto Abyss, Colorless, Firm-Framework Land, is surnamed Zhao and has the personal name Shang Boxuan.

The Qi Brahma-sound Earth Sovereign of the Ninth Layer, the Grotto Abyss, Colorless, Firm-Framework Land, is surnamed Nong and has the personal name Qin Wubo.

The Scripture of Numinous Writings and Purple Characters, recorded in the Golden Gate of the Shangqing realm.

The Lord-Emperor of the Later Sage of the Golden Tower in the Upper Clarity, Li, was named Yuan, also known as Xuanshui. His courtesy name was Ziguang, and he was also known as Shanyuan.

The Lord-Emperor of the Later Sage of the Golden Tower in the Upper Clarity, Peng, was named Guangyuan, also known as Xuanxu. His courtesy name was Dachun, and he was also known as Zhengyang. Peng was sometimes called Li and sometimes Peng. Peng studied the Dao before Lord Li. He was born in the era of the Human Sovereign and held the rank of True Sovereign Who Guards the Left of Taiwei, a perfected being who protected the Taiwei Palace.

Method for Gathering and Containing the Three Hun and Seven Po

The three Hun are named Shuangling, Taiguang, and Youjing. The seven Po are named Shigou, Fushi, Queyin, Tunzei, Feidu, Chuhui, and Choufei. These are Daoist terms for the Hun and Po within the human body.

In the Niwan Palace, the dwelling place of the spirits in the head, there is a deity whose form resembles an infant. He is named Chizi, has the courtesy name Sanyuanxian, and is also known as Diqing. The Central Origin Palace is located in the Crimson Chamber, that is, at the center of the body. The four Po referred to here are Tunzei, Feidu, Chuhui, and Choufei.

The deity in the Niwan Palace is still Chizi, with the courtesy name Sanyuanxian, also known as Diqing. The Central Origin Palace is located in the Crimson Chamber, that is, at the center of the body. Its deity is a perfected being, with the courtesy name Zidan, also known as Zhongguangjian. The Lower Origin Dantian Palace is located three inches below the navel. The deity within it has the form of an infant and is named Ying’er, with the courtesy name Yuanyang Changzi, also known as Guxiaxuan. The Gate of Life is the navel. The Mysterious Portal is the passage that connects the fetus to the mother when it first forms. Within the Mysterious Portal there is another palace, where a Great Lord resides. He is named Tao’hai and has the courtesy name Heyan.

The Scripture of the Jade Pendant, Golden Bell, Supreme Ultimate, and Golden Writ

The Inner Names of the Nine True Treasures and Spirits of the Three Origins, Brought Forth by the Nine Heavens

The Supreme True One of the Upper Origin has the surname and personal name Guanguo, and the courtesy name Shenxian.

The Central True One of the Upper Origin has the surname and personal name Kailan, and the courtesy name Chixuan.

The Lower True One of the Upper Origin has the surname Man, the personal name Wanglie, and the courtesy name Yuanshan.

The Supreme True One of the Central Origin has the surname Dan, the personal name Jiaoshu, and the courtesy name Shangzhen.

The Central True One of the Central Origin is named Chixuan.

The Lower True One of the Upper Origin has the surname Man, the personal name Wanglie, and the courtesy name Yuanshan.

The Supreme True One of the Central Origin has the surname Dan, the personal name Jiaoshu, and the courtesy name Shangzhen.

The True One of the Middle Origin’s middle tier: surname Gai, personal name Xuanliang, courtesy name Guangming.

The True One of the Middle Origin’s lower tier: surname Ban, personal name Jianmao, courtesy name Xuandan.

The True One of the Lower Origin’s upper tier: surname Zhi, personal name Shuhui, courtesy name Yingzhi.

The True One of the Lower Origin’s middle tier: surname Si, personal name Guizhan, courtesy name Xuanquan.

The True One of the Lower Origin’s lower tier: surname Ban, personal name Manying, courtesy name Yangsheng.

The Hidden Book of the Golden Pendant and Great Empyrean: Scripture of the Cavernous Flight

The Hidden Book of the Golden Pendant and Great Empyrean: Scripture of the Cavernous Flight records that the cloud qi of the Nine Heavens—cloud formations above the Nine Heavens, also described in the scripture as visions of the celestial realm—is called “Rainbow Radiance” there, and is also known as the “Yin Shadow of the Flowery Canopy of Shangqing.” Within it is a numinous sovereign of true souls, surnamed Yinhui and named Kuoyuan.

Record of the Central Embryonic Essence in the Nine Elixirs’ Sublime Transformation

There are four knots in the upper part of the body’s womb region. On the morning of one’s birth-year correspondence day—the day associated with the year of one’s birth—enter a room, burn incense, face northwest, and bow nine times in worship of the Primordial Father of the Nine Heavens. Click the teeth together nine times, then call the Primordial Father of the Nine Heavens by name nine times in succession. Next, turn southeast, bow three times, and call the Mysterious Mother of the Nine Heavens by name three times in succession.

The Heavenly King of Yudanwuliang: surname Hun, name Zhailuo.

The Heavenly King of Shangshang Chanshan Wuliangshou: surname Xie, name Wanminchi.

The Heavenly King of Xuyan: surname Ze, name Dao.

The Eight Radiant Spirits of the Upper Body, who guard the upper part of the human body:

The spirit of the brain is named Juewu, courtesy name Daodu.

The spirit of the hair is named Xuanwenhua, courtesy name Daoheng.

The spirit of the skin is named Tongzhongzhong, courtesy name Daolian.

The spirit of the eyes is named Xujiansheng, courtesy name Daotong.

The spirit of the neck marrow is named Lingmougai, courtesy name Daozhou.

The spirit of the back, who governs the spine, is named Yilifu, courtesy name Daozhu.

The spirit of the nose is named Hua, courtesy name Daoheng.

At the end, the source text lists several of the Eight Radiant Spirits of the Upper Body again: the skin spirit Tongzhongzhong, courtesy name Daolian; the eye spirit Xujiansheng, courtesy name Daotong; the neck marrow spirit Lingmougai, courtesy name Daozhou; the back spirit Yilifu, courtesy name Daozhu; and the nose spirit Chonglongyu, courtesy name Daowei.

The spirit of the tongue is named Shiliangzhi, with the courtesy name Daoqi.

There are four points of gathering within the womb. At noon on the day corresponding to your birth, pay homage to the Primordial Father and call aloud three times the sacred names of the Primordial Father and the Mysterious Mother. The ritual procedure is the same as for the upper section.

The Heavenly King of Silent Stillness has the surname Pan and the name Qianjie; the Heavenly King of Untroubled Joy has the surname Ren and the name Zhuoyayege; the Heavenly King Who Responds Through Transformation has the surname Hui and the name Ranghuan.

Eight Spirits of the Middle Section (guardian spirits of the various parts of the body’s middle section):

The spirit of the throat is named Bailiufang, with the courtesy name Daotong; the spirit of the lungs is named Suling Sheng, with the courtesy name Daoping; the spirit of the heart is named Huanyang Chang, with the courtesy name Daoming; the spirit of the liver is named Kaijun Tong, with the courtesy name Daoqing; the spirit of the gallbladder is named Longde Ju, with the courtesy name Daofang; the spirit of the left kidney is named Chunyuan Zhi, with the courtesy name Daoqing; the spirit of the right kidney is named Xiangta Wu, with the courtesy name Daosheng; the spirit of the spleen is named Baoyuan Quan, with the courtesy name Daoqian.

There are four points of gathering in the lower section. At midnight on the day corresponding to your birth, pay homage to the Primordial Father and call aloud three times the sacred names of the Primordial Father and the Mysterious Mother. The ritual procedure is the same as for the upper and middle sections.

The Heavenly King of Brahmā’s Treasure has the surname Jing and the name Wuyunma; the Heavenly King of Brahmā Kāmāyī has the surname Xuan and the name Dengbai; the Heavenly King of Bolidahé has the surname Wang and the name Ling [character unclear].

Eight Spirits of the Lower Section (guardian spirits of the various parts of the body’s lower section):

The spirit of the stomach is named Tonglai Yu, with the courtesy name Daizhan; the spirit in the terminal intestine is named Zhaoteng Kang, with the courtesy name Daohuan; the spirit in the large and small intestines is named Pengsong Liu, with the courtesy name Daochu; the spirit in the abdominal cavity is named Shouhou Bo, with the courtesy name Daoxu; the spirit in the chest and diaphragm is named Guang [character unclear] Zhai, with the courtesy name Daozhong; the spirits of the two flanks are named Bijia Ma, with the courtesy name Daocheng; the spirits in the left Yin and left Yang are named Fuliu Qi, with the courtesy name Daogui; the spirits in the right Yin and right Yang are named Baobiao Ming, with the courtesy name Daosheng.

The chapter in the Perfect Upper Scripture of the Primordial Beginning’s Transformations from Shangqing is titled “Upper Register of the Ninefold Numinous, Supreme Marvelous Tortoise Mountain.”

The King of Immortals who presides over the Phoenix Palace of the Nine Heavens is surnamed Shangxuan and styled Guanming.

The personal name of the Queen Mother of the West is Wanjin.

The Emperor Primordial’s Elder, who emerged from the primordial Qi of Jade Emptiness, is named Yanshiyin and styled Guanwujue.

The King of Lofty Spirit of the Nine Heavens, who emerged from the primordial Qi of Great Emptiness, is named Shangguandong and styled Yunfanzong.

The Jade Truth Elder of the Nine Heavens, who emerged from the primordial Qi of Jade Emptiness, is named Yanshiyin and styled Guanwujue.

The King of Lofty Spirit of the Nine Heavens, who emerged from the primordial Qi of Great Emptiness, is named Shangguandong and styled Yunfanzong.

The Jade Truth Elder of the Nine Heavens, who emerged from the primordial Qi of Purple Emptiness, is named Yanshiming and styled Xishanglian.

The Father of the Nine Primordial Origins of the Dao, who emerged from the primordial Qi of the Father-Origin, is named Jiulingzun and styled Huntaizhen.

The Mysterious Mother of the Nine Heavens at the Ultimate Source of the Dao, who emerged from the primordial Qi of the Cavernous Abyss, is named Yuandun and styled Huangdafan.

The Elder of the Three Heavens of the Yellow Elder, who emerged from the primordial Qi of Cavernous Emptiness, is named Shangdingfu and styled Mingfanzong.

The Jade Youth of the Upper Three Heavens, born from Emptiness, who emerged from the primordial Qi of Mysterious Emptiness, is named Gaoyuxian and styled Wuchangzai.

The Elder of the Lofty Jade Nine Heavens, who emerged from the primordial Qi of the Sixfold Emptiness, is named Shangque and styled Tongdapeng.

The True King of the Upper Void, Purple Radiance, and Nine Heavens, who emerged from the primordial Qi of the Emperor, is named Lingrui and styled Yingguanshi.

The Lofty Lord of the Void Emperor, who emerged from the primordial Qi of the High Emperor, is named Youzao and styled Dafalang.

Shangque, styled Tongdapeng.

The True King of the Upper Void, Purple Radiance, and Nine Heavens, who emerged from the primordial Qi of the Emperor, is named Lingrui and styled Yingguanshi.

The Lofty Lord of the Void Emperor, who emerged from the primordial Qi of the High Emperor, is named Youzao and styled Dafalang.

The Dao Lord of the Purple Void, Lofty Primordial Emperor, who emerged from the primordial Qi of the Luminous Emperor, is named Mingshangji and styled Feimingfan.

The Lord of the High Emperor’s Jade Void, who emerged from the primordial Qi of the Purple Emperor, is named Mingshilan and styled Quchangqing.

The Master of the High Emperor, Teacher of the Ten Thousand Beginnings, who emerged from the primordial Qi of the High Emperor, is named Youlanglan and styled Tongdafan.

The Master of the High Emperor, Lord of Purple Dawn, who emerged from the primordial Qi of the Lofty Origin, is named Xinpingyuan and styled Daoyuanji.

This passage from a scripture lists revered Daoist deities and perfected immortals by title, recording their surnames, personal names, courtesy names, and the primordial Qi they received. Here, “personal name” refers to a deity’s sacred name, while “courtesy name” is the name by which they are formally styled. Phrases such as “primordial Qi of Jade Emptiness” and “primordial Qi of Great Emptiness” describe the primordial source of Qi with which each figure is associated.

The High Supreme Emperor of Purple Emptiness (Zixu) was formed from the Qi of Primordial Cavernous Origin. His taboo name is Lingminggu, and his courtesy name is Dafanzong.

The August Old Supreme Emperor of Purple Emptiness was formed from the Qi of Primordial Cavernous Essence. His taboo name is Xuying, and his courtesy name is Yuanhenghuo.

The Supreme Perfect Lord of Mysterious Emptiness and Cavernous Radiance was formed from the Qi of Primordial Cavernous Fusion. His taboo name is Youshangfei, and his courtesy name is Xuankailiang.

The August Jade Emperor was formed from the Qi of Primordial High Dawn. His taboo name is Daning, and his courtesy name is Dayoushi.

The Supreme Purple Emperor of Great Simplicity and High Emptiness was formed from the Qi of Primordial Bright Dawn. His taboo name is Zongfanlian, and his courtesy name is Xuanshangmen.

The Lord of Central Primordial High Stillness, Bright Emptiness, and Purple Orchid was formed from the Qi of Great Primordial Dawn. His taboo name is Huizhi, and his courtesy name is Tongdaye.

The Purple Dawn Lord, Master of the Jade Emperor of Purple Emptiness, was formed from the Qi of Primordial Jade Dawn. His taboo name is Linghuiqing, and his courtesy name is Duzhongguang.

The Lord of the Three Primordials and Purple Essence of Purple Emptiness was formed from the Qi of Primordial Purple Dawn. His taboo name is Mingshangyao, and his courtesy name is Pengdaguang.

The Mysterious One Lord, Original Elder of True Yang, was formed from the Qi of Primordial Cavernous Dawn. His taboo name is Mingliuyan, and his courtesy name is Xuantongbo.

The Celestial Emperor of Taiwei was formed from the Qi of Primordial Vast Cavern. His taboo name is Dachongshu, and his courtesy name is Yuandongdu.

The Lord of Azure Spirit and Yang Peace was formed from the Qi of Primordial Vast Cavern. His taboo name is Duzhongfa, and his courtesy name is Daguanming.

The Lord of the Three Primordials of Supreme Origin was formed from the Qi of Primordial Dawn’s Splendor. His taboo name is Yun Yuying, and his courtesy name is Bozhi.

The Supreme Lord of Great Simplicity was formed from the Qi of Primordial Cavernous Vision. His taboo name is Baodongtong, and his courtesy name is Mingshizong.

The Lord of the Three Simplicities and Purple Essence of Highest Clarity was formed from the Qi of Primordial Yang Cavern. His taboo name is Xiaohua, and his courtesy name is Falingyao.

The Lord of Cavernous Truth and August Clarity was formed from the Qi of Primordial Bright Vast Spirit. His taboo name is Yuanbaocong, and his courtesy name is Lixuanzhe.

The Lord of the Four Elders of the August Supreme Dao’s Center was formed from the Qi of Primordial Cavernous Emptiness. His taboo name is Jingji, and his courtesy name is Haowu.

The Jade Dawn Supreme Lord of the Great Dao was brought into being from the Qi of Primordial Emptiness and Numinosity. His name is Yin Xian, and his courtesy name is Bo Ruo Yuan.

The Central Yellow Venerable Lord was brought into being from the Qi of the Primordial Five Radiances. His name is Wu Ying Sheng, and his courtesy name is Yun Jiu Ye.

The Primal Luminous Lord of the Great Dao of the Supreme Ultimate was brought into being from the Qi of Primordial Sublime Fusion. His name is Dao Dashi, and his courtesy name is Du Daming.

The Lord of the Great Dao of Great Clarity was brought into being from the Qi of Primordial Jade Fusion. His name is Yuan Shanghe, and his courtesy name is Ling Youhui.

The Purple Primordial Lord of the August Beginning was brought into being from the Qi of Primordial Fusion and Generation. His name is Yu Jie Xing, and his courtesy name is Yi Qi Zhen.

The Venerable Lord Lao, the True One at the Center of Wu Ying, was brought into being from the Qi of Primordial Mystery and Stillness. His name is Jing Zhonghua, and his courtesy name is Ming Wei.

The “Precious Scripture of the True One on the Primordial Beginning’s Transformations of Shangqing” is included in the lower volume of the “Primordial Register of Mount Turtle of the Nine Numinous Wonders.”

The Venerable Lord Lao, the True One at the Center of Wu Ying, was brought into being from the Qi of Primordial Mystery and Stillness. His name is Jing Zhonghua, and his courtesy name is Ming Wei.

The “Precious Scripture of the True One on the Primordial Beginning’s Transformations of Shangqing” is included in the lower volume of the “Primordial Register of Mount Turtle of the Nine Numinous Wonders.”

The Northern Dark High and Supreme Lord of the Void Emperor was brought into being from the Qi of the Primordial Jade Emperor.

The Southern Vermilion High and Supreme Lord of the Void Emperor was brought into being from the Qi of the Primordial High Emperor.

The Western Radiance High and Supreme Lord of the Void Emperor was brought into being from the Qi of the Primordial August Emperor.

The Eastern Brightness High and Supreme Lord of the Void Emperor was brought into being from the Qi of the Primordial Luminous Emperor.

The Central Primordial Lord of the Void Emperor’s Central Abode was brought into being from the Qi of the Primordial Offering Emperor.

The High and Supreme Lord, born of the mingling of the Five Numinous Powers and Seven Brightnesses, was brought into being from the Qi of the Primordial Purple Emperor.

The Primordial Luminous Lord of the Three Primordials, the Unsurpassed Mysterious Ancient One and Void Emperor, was brought into being from the Qi of the Primordial Essence Emperor.

The High and Supreme Lord of the Mysterious Stillness and Nine Primordials, the Void Emperor, was brought into being from the Qi of the Primordial Flying Emperor.

The Unsurpassed Lord of Great Brightness, Numinous Radiance, and Central Truth was brought into being from the Qi of Primordial Mystery and Emptiness.

The Primordial Numinous Lord of the Three Primordials and Four Extremes, the Mysterious High Void Emperor, was brought into being from the Qi of Primordial Phoenix Emptiness.

The Primordial Terrace Lord of the Three Primordials, the Yellow Radiance of the Central Dawn, and the Void Emperor was brought into being from the Qi of Primordial Purple Emptiness.

The Primordial Embryonic Lord of the Three Primordials, born in the numinous emptiness of purple radiance, was brought into being from the Qi of Primordial Fusion Emptiness.

The Lord of Inner Radiance, the True One of Blue Essence, was brought into being from the Qi of the Primordial Beginning’s Cavern, the Primordial Purple Emptiness.

The Primordial Embryonic Lord of the Three Primordials, born in the numinous emptiness of purple radiance, was brought into being from the Qi of Primordial Fusion Emptiness.

The Lord of Inner Radiance, the True One of Blue Essence, was brought into being from the Qi of the Primordial Beginning’s Cavern.

The Jade Worthy Lady, Sun Nine Qi, received the energy of the Primordial Jade Pillar. The Radiant Lord, Tai Chu Nine Su, received the energy of the Primordial Sovereign Spirit. The Lord of Destiny, Nine Emperors Supreme Perfected, received the energy of the Primordial Jade Spirit. The Three Primordial Lords, Jade Radiance of the Celestial Emperor Supreme Perfected, received the energy of the Primordial Cavern Spirit. The Lord of Prohibitions, Supreme Origin Taiyi, received the energy of the Primordial Flying Spirit. The True Dawn Lord of the Imperial Chamber in Primordial Emptiness received the energy of the Primordial Clear Spirit. The Primordial Lord of the Four Perfected Ones, Master of Taiji, received the energy of the Primordial Four Rays. The Lord of Scattered Radiance, Seven Dawn Stars, the Central Perfected Ones of the Four Dippers, received the energy of the Primordial Four Chaos. The Radiant Lord, Yellow Radiance in the Dawn, received the energy of the Primordial Sovereign’s Glow.

The Lord of Supreme Radiance, True Celestial Emperor Li, Post-Sage of the Golden Gate and the Great Peace, received the energy of the Primordial Dawn’s Thorough Passage. The True Lord Peng, Radiant Lord of the Primordial Void and Post-Sage, received the energy of the Primordial Four Expansions. The Immortal Lord, Elder of Ten Thousand Feet and Master of the Nine Qi of the Great Mystery Capital, received the energy of the Primordial Vast Transformation. The Old Lord of the Eight Radiances of Shangqing received the energy of the Primordial Cloud Source. The Jade Protector, King, and Green Youth Lord, High Dawn Master of the Palace of Fangzhu in Eastern Florescence, received the energy of the Primordial Sun Essence. The Immortal Emperor Lord of the Nine Elders, Great Emperor of Fusang, received the energy of the Primordial Source Valley. The Jade Lord, Master of Charts, Teacher of Ten Thousand Florescences and Jade Perfection of Xiaoyou, received the energy of the Primordial Embrace of Truth. The Lord of Prohibitions, Supreme Emperor and Count of the Twenty-Nine Perfected Ones of Xuanzhou, received the energy of the Primordial Immortal Expansion.

The Lord of Charts, Teacher of Ten Thousand Florescences and Jade Perfection in the Dawn of the Great Origin, also received the energy of the Primordial Embrace of Truth. The Lord of Prohibitions, Supreme Emperor and Count of the Twenty-Nine Perfected Ones of Xuanzhou, also received the energy of the Primordial Immortal Expansion. The Lord of the Dawn in the Great Origin received the energy of the Primordial Jade Portal. The Mother of the Nine Numinous Perfected Immortals of Guishan received the energy of the Primordial Blended Metal of the West.

The Azure Emperor, Lesser Yang and First Beginning of the East, received the energy of the Primordial Nine Rosy Clouds. The Red Emperor, Yang’s Thorough Passage and Yin’s Reception of the South, received the energy of the Primordial Eight Cinnabars. The White Emperor, Lesser Yin and Metal of the West, received the energy of the Primordial Six Pure Ones. The Black Emperor, Yin’s Thorough Passage and Great Yang of the North, received the energy of the Primordial Five Numinous Powers. The Yellow Emperor, High Sovereign and Gatherer of All Numinous Powers at the Center, received the energy of the Primordial Birth of Yellow.

Each of these revered deities has a corresponding “primordial energy,” meaning the source energy or sacred power described in the scripture. The Azure, Red, White, Black, and Yellow Emperors correspond respectively to the east, south, west, north, and center, reflecting the connection between the deities of the five directions and the Five Phases and their directional associations. At the end, “Jade Chapters of the Book of the Great Empyrean” refers to writings or treasured chapters of the Empyrean Heaven.

The scriptures listed earlier record the true surnames and personal names of the Nine Heavenly Kings. These are given in full in the Record of the Nine Elixirs’ Sublime Transformation of Fetal Essence, so they will not be repeated here.

End of Volume Two of the Secret Teachings of the Sages and Worthies in the Shangqing Scriptures.

Volume Three of the Secret Teachings of the Sages and Worthies in the Shangqing Scriptures

The True Scripture of the Eightfold Purity of the Most High in Shangqing, also known as the Hidden Book of the Most High or the Profound Cavern Scripture of the Most High’s Pure Spirit.

The Supreme True Lord of the Azure Emperor of the First Yang (the deity of the Wood star in the east) is named Chenglan, with the courtesy name Qingning. His consort is named Baorong, with the courtesy name Feiyun. The two dwell within the Wood star.

The Supreme True Lord of the Vermilion Emperor of Red Yang and Cinnabar Fire (the deity of the Fire star in the south) is named Weiting, with the courtesy name Sanrong. His consort is named Huaping, with the courtesy name Xuanluo. The two dwell within the Fire star.

Within the Great White Star is the Supreme True Lord of the White Emperor of Great Purity and Lesser Yang (the deity of the Metal star in the west), named Liaoling, with the courtesy name Zhenxun. His consort is named Biaoying, with the courtesy name Ling’en. The two dwell within the Metal star.

Within Chenxing (the Water star) is the Lord of the Dark Emperor of Great Mystery and Yin Origin (the deity of the Water star in the north), named Zhaoxuan, with the courtesy name Jingyuan. His consort is named Xuanhua, with the courtesy name Long’e. The two dwell within the Water star.

Within Zhenxing (the Earth star) is the Lord of the Central Yellow True Emperor (the deity of the Earth star at the center), named Zangmu, with the courtesy name Danyan. His consort is named Kongyao, with the courtesy name Feixian. The two dwell within the Earth star.

The Jade Register of the Supreme Emperor of Shangqing records that the Lord of the Great Dao bestowed talismans upon the various Lords of Destiny. Among those who received talismans was the High Primordial Emperor Dao Lord of the Purple Void of Jade Clarity.

The Dao Lord of the Three Origins, Great Illumination, and Supreme Sovereign of the Cavern of Emptiness in Jade Clarity—the clear, ethereal, and exalted celestial realm.

The Dao Lord of the Purple Sovereign, of Great Simplicity, Lofty Emptiness, and the Supreme Summit in Jade Clarity.

The Dao Lord of the Purple Clarity, Northern Mystery, and Lofty Emptiness.

The Dao Lord of the Purple Clarity, Southern Vermilion, and Lofty Emptiness.

The Dao Lord of the Purple Clarity, Western Florescence, and Lofty Emptiness.

The Dao Lord of the Purple Clarity, Eastern Radiance, and Lofty Emptiness.

The Dao Lord of the Purple Clarity, Central Origin, and Lofty Emptiness.

The Lofty Dao Lord of the Five Spirits and Seven Luminaries, born from the mixed primordial essence of the Purple Clarity.

The Primordial Dawn Lord, Sovereign of Emptiness, of the Three Origins, Supreme and Mysterious Elder of Lofty Clarity.

The Primordial Spirit Lord, Sovereign of Emptiness, of the Three Origins, the Four Extremities, and the Supreme Mystery of Lofty Clarity.

The Primordial Terrace Lord, Sovereign of Emptiness, of the Three Origins, the Dawn’s Central Yellow Radiance of Lofty Clarity.

The True Lord of the Primordial Womb, sovereign of life in the void, the divine spirit illumined by purple radiance, of the Three Origins and Lofty Clarity.

The Great Dao Lord, Mysterious Sovereign of Jade Dawn, Supreme Above, and High Holy One of High Clarity—the lofty celestial realm spoken of in Daoism.

The Dao Lord of the Three Origins, Cavern Radiance, Lofty Emptiness, and Great Simplicity of Purple Clarity in High Clarity.

The Dao Lord, Celestial Emperor of the Purple Dawn and Great Tenuity in High Clarity.

The Dao Lord of Jade Dawn, High Origin of the Nine Ways, and Great Tenuity’s Purple Radiance in High Clarity.

The Primordial Sovereign of the Mysterious Dawn, Three Origins, and Eight Simplicities in Purple Primordial Great Tenuity of High Clarity.

The Great Dao Lord of Purple Mystery in High Clarity.

The Dao Lord of the Three Origins, Cavern Radiance, Lofty Emptiness, and Great Simplicity of Purple Clarity in High Clarity.

The Dao Lord, Celestial Emperor of the Purple Dawn and Great Tenuity in High Clarity.

The Dao Lord of Jade Dawn, High Origin of the Nine Ways, and Great Tenuity’s Purple Radiance in High Clarity.

The Primordial Sovereign of the Mysterious Dawn, Three Origins, and Eight Simplicities in Purple Primordial Great Tenuity of High Clarity.

The Primordial True Sovereign of Nine Spirits, Jade Tortoise Terrace, and White Jade, Spirit of the Purple Tenuity in High Clarity.

The Dao Lord, Yellow Elder of the Center, who flies at dawn through the highest empyrean of the Great Void in High Clarity.

The Supreme Dao Lord, Great Emperor of the Vermilion Grove in Eastern Dawn, at the beginning of the Great Origin in High Clarity.

The Supreme Dao Lord, Mysterious Origin of the Sage After Heaven, Celestial Dawn Emperor of the Golden Portal of Supreme Peace in High Clarity.

The Dao Lord, Youth of Small Jade Radiance in the Eastern Sea, Celestial Dawn Master of Great Destiny, Supreme Minister of the Golden Portal, and Jade Protector of the True One, of Nine Subtlety and Great Perfection in High Clarity.

The Register of the Jade Emperor of the High Sovereign and Original Beginning, listing the names and titles of exalted divine beings:

The Dao Lord, Elder of the Original Beginning, of the Mysterious Void of the High Sovereign.

The Dao Lord, Heavenly King of the Original Beginning, of the Nine Mysteries of the High Sovereign.

The Elder of the Nine Heavens and Great Void of the High Sovereign.

The True King of the Nine Heavens and Mysterious Void of the High Sovereign.

The Dao Lord, Primordial Father of the Nine Heavens, who dwells in the lofty, empty cavern and governs the principles by which the Nine Heavens bring forth and transform all things.

The Self-Existent Lord, who dwells in the lofty, numinous realm.

The Dao Lord, Venerable Elder of the Nine Heavens, who dwells in the lofty expanse of space.

The Dao Lord, True King of the Nine Heavens, who dwells in the lofty, mysterious void.

The Dao Lord, Primordial Father of the Nine Heavens, who dwells in the lofty, empty cavern and governs the principles by which the Nine Heavens bring forth and transform all things.

The Dao Lord, True Mother of the Nine Heavens, who dwells in the lofty, numinous realm of natural being.

The Dao Lord, Most True Venerable Elder of the Nine Empyrean Heavens, who dwells in the lofty realm of Jade Treasure.

The Dao Lord, Most True King of the Nine Empyrean Heavens, who dwells in the lofty realm of Purple Radiance.

The Dao Lord, Master of the Myriad Beginnings, who dwells in the lofty realm of Jade Void.

The Dao Lord, Heavenly King of the Boundless Heaven of Yudan.

The Dao Lord, Heavenly King of the Heaven of Supreme Meditation, Excellent Goodness, and Boundless Life.

The Dao Lord, Heavenly King of the Heaven of Brahma’s Oversight and Xuyan.

The Dao Lord, Heavenly King of the Doushu Heaven.

The Dao Lord, Heavenly King of the Heaven of Untroubled Joy.

The Dao Lord, Heavenly King of the Heaven of Responsive Transformation.

The Dao Lord, Heavenly King of the Heaven of Brahma’s Treasure.

The Dao Lord, Heavenly King of the Heaven of Brahma Kamayi.

The Dao Lord, Heavenly King of the Heaven of Paridahuo.

The Dao Lord, Venerable Elder of the Three Heavens of Jade Clarity.

The Dao Lord, Jade Youth of the Three Heavens of Jade Clarity.

The Dao Lord, Void Emperor and King of the Dao, who dwells in the lofty realm of Jade Clarity.

The Dao Lord, Heavenly King of the Heaven of Paridahuo.

The Dao Lord, Venerable Elder of the Three Heavens of Jade Clarity.

The Dao Lord, Jade Youth of the Three Heavens of Jade Clarity.

The Dao Lord, Void Emperor, who dwells in the lofty realm of Jade Clarity.

The Dao Lord, Lofty Primordial Emperor, who dwells in the realm of Purple Void within Jade Clarity.

The Dao Lord of Jade Void, Supreme Emperor of Jade, who dwells in the realm of the Jade Clarity Supreme Emperor.

The Dao Lord, Supreme Emperor of the Three Origins and Great Illumination, who dwells in the realm of the Cavernous Void of Jade Clarity.

The Dao Lord, August Supreme Jade Emperor of the realm of Jade Clarity.

The Dao Lord, Supreme Pole Purple Emperor, who dwells in the lofty, pristine void of Jade Clarity.

The Dao Lord, Supreme Emperor Gaoting, who dwells in the central realm of Primordial Origin, Void Illumination, and Purple Orchid within Jade Clarity.

The Dao Lord, Jade Emperor and Master Zichen of the realm of Purple Void.

The Dao Lord, Purple Essence of the Three Origins, of the realm of Purple Void.

The Dao Lord, Elder of True Yang and the Mysterious One, of the realm of Purple Void.

The Dao Lord, Most True Master Zichen, of the realm of Purple Void.

The Dao Lord, August Supreme Great Emperor, of the realm of Purple Void.

The Dao Lord, August Elder Supreme Emperor, of the realm of Purple Void.

The Dao Lord, Lord of Yang’an and Azure Numen, of the realm of Purple Void.

The Dao Lord, Cavernous Truth of August Clarity, of the realm of Purple Void.

The Dao Lord, Primordial Numen and Lofty Supreme Pristine One, of the realm of Purple Void.

The Dao Lord, Lofty Supreme Void Emperor of the Northern Mystery in Purple Clarity.

These passages primarily list the titles of revered Daoist deities and the heavenly realms they inhabit. “Dao Lord,” “Heavenly King,” “Primordial Lord,” and “Venerable Elder” are honorifics denoting sacred rank. “Nine Heavens,” “Nine Empyrean Heavens,” “Jade Clarity,” and “Purple Void” indicate the levels of heaven and sacred realms in which these deities dwell.

The Dao Lord, Great Emperor of the August One of Purple Void; the Dao Lord, Great Emperor of the August Elder One of Purple Void; the Dao Lord, Lord of Primordial Peace, Azure Spirit of the August One of Purple Void; the Dao Lord, August Purity of Purple Void, Grotto of Truth; the Dao Lord, Primordial Spirit, High and Supreme Great Simplicity of Purple Void; the Dao Lord, High and Supreme Void Emperor of the Northern Mystery of Purple Purity; the Dao Lord, High and Supreme Void Emperor of the Southern Vermilion of Purple Purity; the Dao Lord, High and Supreme Void Emperor of Western Splendor of Purple Purity; the Dao Lord, High and Supreme Void Emperor of Eastern Radiance of Purple Purity; the Dao Lord, Void Emperor of Central Origin and Central Metal of Purple Purity; the High and Supreme Dao Lord, Five Spirits and Seven Bright Ones, born from the mingling of primordial forces, of Purple Purity; the Dao Lord, Primordial Star of the Supreme Void Emperor, Mysterious Elder beyond the Three Origins, of Purple Purity; the Dao Lord, Supreme Void Emperor of the Nine Origins of Mysterious Stillness, of Purple Purity; the Supreme Dao Lord, True Central One of Great Brightness and Numinosity, of Purple Purity; the Dao Lord, Primordial Spirit of the High and Supreme Void Emperor, Mysterious One of the Four Extremes and Three Origins, of High Clarity; the Dao Lord, Lord of the Primordial Terrace, Void Emperor of the Yellow Radiance at the Center of Dawn among the Three Origins, of High Clarity.

The Dao Lord, Supreme Void Emperor of the Nine Origins of Mysterious Stillness, of Purple Purity; the Supreme Dao Lord, True Central One of Great Brightness and Numinosity, of Purple Purity; the Dao Lord, Primordial Spirit of the High and Supreme Void Emperor, Mysterious One of the Four Extremes and Three Origins, of High Clarity; the Dao Lord, Dao Lord of the Primordial Terrace, Void Emperor of the Yellow Radiance at the Center of Dawn among the Three Origins, of High Clarity.

Esoteric Revelations of the Perfected Sages in the Various Scriptures of Highest Clarity, fascicle four.

Esoteric Revelations of the Perfected Sages in the Various Scriptures of Highest Clarity, fascicle three.

Esoteric Revelations of the Perfected Sages in the Various Scriptures of Highest Clarity, fascicle four.

Register of the Jade Emperor of the High and Supreme Primordial Beginning

The Lord of the Great Dao, the Most High (a revered deity of Highest Clarity), bestowed talismans upon the various Lords of Destiny, divine beings who administer people’s registers of fate and their lifespans.

The Dao Lord, Primordial Womb of the Mysterious Perfected One, born of the Void Spirit of Radiant Purple among the Three Origins, of High Clarity; the Dao Lord, Elder of the White Way within the August One, of High Clarity; the Dao Lord of the Great Dao of Mysterious Subtlety and Supreme Purity, of High Clarity; the Dao Lord of the Primordial Radiance of the Great Dao of the Supreme Ultimate, of High Clarity; the Dao Lord, Lord of Primordial Purple Origin at the August Beginning, of High Clarity; the Dao Lord, Supreme Elder of the True Center, without Heroic Excellence, of High Clarity; the Mysterious Lord of High Clarity; the Dao Lord of the Great Dao of Mysterious Subtlety and Supreme Purity, of High Clarity; the Dao Lord of the Primordial Radiance of the Great Dao of the Supreme Ultimate, of High Clarity; the Dao Lord, Lord of Primordial Purple Origin at the August Beginning, of High Clarity; the Dao Lord, Supreme Elder of the True Center, without Heroic Excellence, of High Clarity; the Dao Lord, Grotto Radiance of the Great Perfected One in the Mysterious Void, of High Clarity.

Yuxu, the jade capital celestial realm where immortals dwell, is home to the Dao Lord of the Primordial Way, the Worthy of Jade, Ninefold Qi of the Sun; the Dao Lord of the Primal Beginning, the Radiance of Golden Florescence, Ninefold Purity; the Dao Lord of the Nine August Perfected Ones, who oversees the Mandate of Life; the Dao Lord of the August Emperor, the Jade Florescence of the Three Primordial Ones, among the August Perfected Ones; the Dao Lord of the Great One of the Southern Pole, the August Lord of the Upper Origin; the Dao Lord of the True Dawn of the Yellow Chamber in Primordial Emptiness; the Dao Lord of the Primordial Lords of the Four Perfected Ones, who preside over Taiji; the Dao Lord of the Scattered Florescence of the Seven Dawn Lords, the Perfected Ones of the Four Dippers; and the Dao Lord of the Radiance of the Yellow Center, in the midst of the Jade Dawn.

Shangqing, the highest purity, is home to the Great Dao Lord, the Dark August Emperor of Jade Dawn, the High and Sagely Supreme One; the Dao Lord of the Three Primordial Ones, the Radiance of the Three Caverns, in the High Void of Purple Purity and Great Primal Purity; the Dao Lord of the Three Primordial Lords of Great Primal Purity in the Upper Origin; the Dao Lord of the Three Primordial Lords of Purple Purity in the Middle Origin; the Dao Lord of the Three Primordial Lords of Yellow Purity in the Lower Origin; the Dao Lord of the Purple Dawn, the Celestial Emperor; the Dao Lord of the Purple Dawn, the Celestial Emperor of Taiwei; the Dao Lord of Jade Dawn, the High Origin of the Nine Ways, in the Purple Radiance of Taiwei; and the Dao Lord of the Yellow Elder of the Center, the Flying Dawn of the Highest Heavens in Great Emptiness.

Xuanqing, the Mysterious Purity, is home to the Dao Lord of Primordial Dawn, the Three Primordial Ones of the Eight Purities in Taiwei of Purple Origin; the Dao Lord of the Jade Office of the Azure Emperor in the Cavernous Origin; and the Dao Lords of the Jade Offices of the White, Red, Black, and Yellow Emperors in the Cavernous Origin. It is also home to the Dao Lord of Great Perfection, the Nine Spirits of the Tortoise Terrace in the Empty Augustness of Purple Origin; the August Dao Lord of the Great Emperor of the Cinnabar Grove at Fusang, the Eastern Rosy Clouds of the Great Origin; and the August Dao Lord of the Dark Origin, the Posterior Sage of the Emperor’s Dawn in the Golden Gate of Great Peace.

Dongqing, the Cavernous Purity, is home to the August Dao Lord of Perfected Ones above the Chamber of Peng, the Primordial Radiance of the Posterior Sage in Great Emptiness; the Dao Lord of the Old Lord of the Nine Mysteries in the Spirit Metropolis of the Eight Radiances; and the Dao Lord of the Azure Youth, the High Minister of Jade Protection among the Perfected Ones of the Nine Subtlety Heavens.

This scripture passage lists, in turn, the titles of Dao Lords in the celestial realms of Yuxu, Shangqing, Xuanqing, and Dongqing. “Dao Lord” is an honorific title for exalted deities. Some titles draw on directions, celestial phenomena, colors, or official roles to indicate the deity’s rank and divine function.

Dao Lord, Venerable of the Nine Qi, who governs the immortal Way in the Great Mysterious Capital of the Cavern-Clear Realm (the Venerable of the Nine Qi who governs the immortal Way in the Great Mysterious Capital of the Cavern-Clear Realm).

Dao Lord, Master of the Diagram and Jade, Mr. Jade Truth of Lesser Being and Ten Thousand Blossoms in the Cavern-Clear Realm (Mr. Jade Truth of Lesser Being and Ten Thousand Blossoms, who governs matters concerning diagrams and jade).

Dao Lord, charged by the Supreme Emperor with enforcing prohibitions, foremost of the Twenty-Nine True Earls of Mysterious Isle in the Cavern-Clear Realm (the Dao Lord who, by the Supreme Emperor’s command, governs prohibitions and precepts).

Dao Lord, Lord of the Central Dawn of Great Nonbeing in the Cavern-Clear Realm, who adjudicates affairs.

Dao Lord, Venerable of the Nine Qi, who governs the immortal Way in the Great Mysterious Capital of the Cavern-Clear Realm.

Dao Lord, Master of the Diagram and Jade, Mr. Jade Truth of Lesser Being and Ten Thousand Blossoms in the Cavern-Clear Realm.

Dao Lord, charged by the Supreme Emperor with enforcing prohibitions, foremost of the Twenty-Nine True Earls of Mysterious Isle in the Cavern-Clear Realm.

Dao Lord, Lord of the Central Dawn of Great Nonbeing in the Cavern-Clear Realm, who adjudicates affairs; the Supreme Plain Dao Lord of the Jade Gate in the Palace of the Cavern of Emei (the Supreme Plain Dao Lord of the Jade Gate in the Palace of the Cavern of Emei, who oversees adjudication).

Dao Lord, Supreme Lord of the Ninefold-Spirit True Son, the Later Sage, in the Cavern-Clear Realm.

Jade Dao Lord of Great Peace, who coordinates the favors and commands of the immortals in the Cavern-Clear Realm.

Recondite True Dao Lord of the Cavernous Valley, who dwells in the Mysterious Valley and presides over longevity in the Three Heavens of the Clear Tenuity Realm.

Dao Lord, Mr. Mysterious Void of Anyang in the Clear Tenuity Realm.

Dao Lord, Mr. Mysterious Wanderer of Ten Thousand Stones in the Clear Tenuity Realm.

Dao Lord of the Three Qi of the Upper Origin, who governs the deliverance of life in the Clear Tenuity Realm.

Dao Lord who determines the immortals and keeps the registers in the Southern Palace, delivering beings from calamity in the Clear Tenuity Realm.

Dao Lord who oversees the registers of Anchang, delivering beings from calamity in the Clear Tenuity Realm.

True August Dao Lord of Mysterious Caverns, who governs souls and enforces prohibitions in the Clear Tenuity Realm.

Dao Lord who engenders spirit and transforms bones, protecting those who attain immortality in the Clear Tenuity Realm.

Dao Lord, Mr. Mysterious Void of Ten Thousand Stones in the Clear Tenuity Realm.

Longevity Dao Lord, the ritual master who holds the Three Qi of Purple Origin in the Great Clarity Realm.

Dao Lord, True Youth of Blue Truth in the Central Truth of the Great Clarity Realm.

Primordial Lady of Mysterious Subtlety, whose title includes “Establishing the Origin of the Three Blossoms,” in the Great Clarity Realm.

Primordial Lady of Purple Tenuity, Clear and Empty, in the Great Clarity Realm.

Primordial Lady, Supreme True One of the Golden Terrace, Mysterious and Empty, in the Great Clarity Realm.

Primordial Lady, Supreme Sage of Southern Truth in the Cloud Palace of the Great Clarity Realm.

Primordial Lady, True Consort of the Upper Palace of the Nine Subtleties in the Great Clarity Realm.

Primordial Lady, Mysterious and Empty, of the Three Lights of the Central Origin in the Great Clarity Realm.

Primordial Lady, Sage of True August, who communicates with the numinous in the Great Clarity Realm.

Primordial Lady, True Consort of the Upper Palace of the Nine Subtleties in the Great Clarity Realm.

Primordial Lady, Mysterious and Empty, of the Three Lights of the Central Origin in the Great Clarity Realm.

Primordial Lady of True August, who communicates with the numinous in the Great Clarity Realm.

The names listed above belong to Dao Lords, Ladies, and Primordial Lords in the Cavern-Clear, Clear Tenuity, and Great Clarity realms. Such titles often indicate the realm to which a divine being belongs, their duties, and their honorific rank. “Three Qi” refers to the three primordial energies in Daoist cosmology; terms such as “delivering life” and “delivering from calamity” refer to saving lives and dispelling misfortune.

Secrets of the Perfected and Sages in the Various Shangqing Scriptures, volume five. The source also marks “volume four” and repeats the title of volume five.

Volume Six of the Zhengao records:

Yi Qianwan had a Lady Xiechen, a female immortal among the Nine Palaces. Her surname was Huang, and her courtesy name was Jinghua.

The Great Lord of the Supreme Dao transmitted this account to Lingyang Ziming, Perfected of the Eastern Pole; Chisongzi, Perfected of the Southern Pole; Wang Fangping, Perfected of the Western Pole; Master Anqi, Perfected of the Northern Pole; and Master □ Chengzi Gao. He also transmitted it to Zhao Chezi, the Immortal King of the Great Clarity; Master Changli, the Minister of the Nine Palaces; and Master Beiluo, the Lord of the Left of the Supreme Ultimate.

During the Jiazi cycle, in the Ren-Shen and Gui-You years, a person was to appear first in the wilderness south of Jiangyang Mountain at Chicheng. This person was a Daoist, dressed in a seven-colored ritual robe, followed by six immortal youths carrying ceremonial objects.

The six youths were: the first attendant, An Fatan; the second attendant, Zhi Anxiang; the third attendant, Gan Zhidao; the fourth attendant, Kang Xianshi; the fifth immortal youth, Bo Shangyue; and the sixth immortal youth, Zhu Shibin.

The Central Yellow Lord Lao transmitted this account.

The Great Emperor Taiyi’s Five Spirits merged into one and became a great deity who entered the human heart. He was called the Lord of Heavenly Essence, with the courtesy name Flying Life, Lofty Hero. He then became another great deity who entered the joints of the human body, called the Lord of Firm Jade. He also became a great deity who entered the body’s essence and blood, called the Lord of Primordial Life, with the courtesy name Master Yellow Tranquility, Mysterious.

He also became a great deity who entered the liver, called the Lord of Azure Brightness, with the courtesy name Lad of the Bright Wheel; one who entered the lungs, called the Lord of Upper Elemental Jade, with the courtesy name Lad Liang Nanzhong; one who entered both kidneys, called the Lord of Mysterious Yang, with the courtesy name Master Dark Light; and one who entered the gallbladder, called the Lord Who Holds the Radiance, with the courtesy name Mysterious Essence of the Northern Terrace.

In addition, the deity Taiyi manifested within the Purple Chamber of the Mud Ball Palace—a conception of a divine chamber inside the head. He was called the Lord, August Sovereign of Imperial Flourishing, with the courtesy name Primordial Spirit.

Account of the Sage Lord of the Golden Gate

This account has already been given in full in the Jing of the Purple Script, the Numinous Book of the Upper Record of the Golden Gate of Shangqing, so it is not repeated here.

Inner Record of the Perfected Man, King of Pure Emptiness

Wei Huacun’s teacher was the Perfected Man of Pure Emptiness, surnamed Wang, named Bao, with the courtesy name Zhideng.

The Lady of the Southern Pole was the fourth daughter of the Queen Mother of the West. Her name was Hualin and her courtesy name Rongzhen. She was also known as the Lady of Purple Origin and was sometimes called the Primal Lord of the Southern Pole. She lived in the Palace of Great Cinnabar. After receiving her register, she became the Sage Lord of the Golden Gate and served as the High Protector in charge of life and destiny.

Record of Lord Su

The Spleen spirit is named Hunkang, with the courtesy name Lingyuan. It resides in the body’s central Hall of Light and is called the Lord Lao of the Central Hall of Light. Three Lord Lao dwell together in one palace within the Central Hall of Light. The great Lord Lao on the right is named Taokang, with the courtesy name Yangtong; the great Lord Lao on the left is named Taohai, with the courtesy name Heyan. The Lord Lao of the center governs the Hall of Light; his courtesy name is Lingyuan, and his name is Hunkang. Hunkang can regulate the body’s many illnesses and help digest food and drink.

Record of the Multitude of Primordial Supreme Immortals

The Elder Guangcheng is now the Perfected of Zhongshan, also known as the King of the Immortals of the Nine Heavens. The Four Eminences of the Han dynasty, together with Anqi and Pengzu, who assisted emperors and stabilized the Mandate of Heaven, now serve as his aides here.

Wuchengzi and Mozi are Perfected of Mount Min; Xuanzi and Yuzi are Lords of Mount Min.

Taihao is the Green Emperor, governing Mount Daizong; Zhuanxu is the Black Emperor, governing Mount Heng; Zhurong is the Red Emperor, governing Mount Huo; Xuanyuan is the Yellow Emperor, governing Mount Song; and Jintian is the White Emperor, governing Mount Hua.

Tang Yao governs Mount Xiong’er, Yu Shun governs Mount Jishi, Xia Yu governs Mount Gaizhu, and Tang of Yin governs Mount Xuanji. Qingwuzi governs Mount Chang and Fengxiuchang.

These five are the ministers who assist the Five Emperors and command the affairs under their charge. Whenever a kalpa comes to an end, the Five Emperors return anew, and those who serve as their aides are succeeded by others.

Xu You and Chao Fu serve as attendants in the Nine Heavens and are enfeoffed as Dukes of Mount Ji.

Xia Qi, Zhou Fa, and Shoushu serve as Illustrious Dukes of the Four Extremes. Of the three men surnamed Zhou, the eldest is the Perfected of Jiangling; the other two are both at Mount Jinhua. Emperor Guangwu of Han is also listed among the Four Illustrious Friends and Guests.

Zhou Lingwang is the Great…

Zhou Lingwang served as Gentleman Attendant of the Great Void and lived on Bolong Mountain.

The entire family of Le Zichang attained the Dao and became immortals, though they had not yet ascended to Heaven. They lived together in Fangzhang Divine Continent, received the Taixuan Register of Life (a register of names granted by Daoist teachings to immortals), and took the Five Mushrooms as their foundation.

Guo Jingchun served as Director of Registers and Arbiter of Destiny, living on Yuntai Mountain.

Zuo Yuanfang served as the Perfected One of the Heavenly Pillar and oversaw the immortal marquises.

Ge Xuan received an appointment from the Lord of the Golden Portal and became the Left Immortal Duke of the Supreme Ultimate. He lived on Gaizhu Mountain and also on Nüji Mountain, often traveling on the back of a tiger.

Xu Yingshi served as an immortal of Huolin.

Xu Mu built a residence and lived in the Grotto-Heaven of Huayang.

Xu Yufu lived north of Tongchu. He held the rank of a Perfected One, but had not yet been assigned any duties.

Bao Shuo served as Lord of the Underworld and was also a Perfected One of Qianshan. Five hundred years later, he would serve as Gentleman Attendant of Kunqiu.

Zheng Siyuan lived on South Huo Mountain. He often traveled on tigers, leopards, and white deer, but had not yet received an immortal office.

Cai Yunang served as the Eastern Ghost Emperor and lived on Taogiu Mountain.

Zhang Heng and Yang Yun served as the Northern Ghost Emperors and lived on Luofeng Mountain.

Du Ziren served as the Southern Ghost Emperor and lived on Luofu Mountain, commanding the spirits of the Qiang and Man regions.

Zhou Qi and Ji Kang served as the Central Ghost Emperors and lived on Baodu Mountain.

Zhao Wenhe and Wang Zhen served as the Northern Ghost Emperors and lived on Luofeng Mountain.

Du Ziren served as the Southern Ghost Emperor and lived on Luofu Mountain, commanding the spirits of the Qiang and Man regions.

Zhou Qi and Ji Kang served as the Central Ghost Emperors and lived on Baodu Mountain.

Zhao Wenhe and Wang Zhenren served as the Western Ghost Emperors and lived on Bozhong Mountain.

All of these were terrestrial immortals. They traveled among the Five Sacred Peaks, paid court to the Queen Mother in the morning, and rested on hills in the evening. Though they had not yet ascended to Heaven, the joys of their lives were beyond measure. Their happiness came from the Court of Tongchu and the Offices of Yiqian.

Master Guigu served as Grand Master of the Great Mystery and lived on Qingcheng Mountain.

Wang Ziqiao served as Attendant of the Golden Portal and lived on Tongbai Mountain.

Chisongzi served as Immortal Earl of Kunlin and lived on South Heng Mountain.

Wang Zideng served as King of the Lesser Heaven and lived in the Grotto-Heaven of Wangwu.

Bo Yi and Shu Qi of Guzhu served as Attendants to the Nine Heavens and lived on Tiantai Mountain.

Kong Qiu was honored as the Supreme Perfect Lord of Taiji and governed Jiuyi Mountain.

After receiving the Daoist scriptures, Yan Hui first served as an Attendant Gentleman of the Bright Dawn, then became a Director of the Three Heavens in charge of the Perfected. Seventy-two people were appointed as disciples of Xuanzhou; twenty of them did not pass through the gate of the Northern Commandery.

Xiang Yixian served as Commandant of Penglai.

Duke Dan of Zhou was honored as the Northern Emperor’s Preceptor and governed Jincao Mountain.

Zhuang Zhou served as a Erudite of the Great Mystery and governed Jing Mountain.

Sun Quan of Wu is now at Jing Mountain.

Zhang, the Celestial Master, served as a Ritual Master of the Three Heavens, commanding the Six Voidnesses—the vast spaces of heaven and earth in Daoist thought. He served repeatedly at the Golden Palace in heaven and became one of the Supreme One’s principal assistants. He governed Mount Lu, where he lived with two other Celestial Masters.

Wang Fangping served as a Chief Minister and governed Wushan, home of the people of the Yuezhi kingdom.

Mo Di was honored as an Immortal Minister of Taiji and governed Maj i Mountain.

Xu Laile served as a Perfected of Taiji and governed Kuocang Mountain, with a smaller palace at Tiantai.

Chen Anshi governed Xiaotai Mountain.

Yan Junping is now at Mount Emei.

Qu Yuan served as Lord of the Sea and commanded the Eight Seas.

Wang Bi served as an Inspector of the Mounds.

Guo Zisheng was a Perfected of Langfeng.

Lady Wei Huacun governed the Southern Marchmount.

Pei Qingling governed Siming Mountain.

Ma Mingsheng is now at Zhong Mountain.

Yin Changsheng was a Perfected of the Earth’s Lungs.

Sun Deng was a Perfected of Menqiu.

The Perfected Consort of Jiuhua governed Xiagai Mountain, though some accounts place her at Long Mountain.

After receiving the Daoist scriptures, Wang Chang and Zhao Sheng served at Mount Lu as Central Rectifiers and Protectors of the Three Heavens.

Han Zhong was a Perfected of Huolin.

Gan Ji of Langya served as a Left Assistant in the Great Void and attended upon the Celestial Treasury.

The Three Mao Perfected Lords served in the office of “Supervisor of the Bureau for Preserving Life and Determining Registers.”

Essential Formula of the Constant Void

This section belongs to the Feathered Scripture of the Nine Ways of Returning to the Origin.

The Perfected Lord in the Eastern Palace of Yang Origin, associated with the Year Star (Jupiter), is named Chenglan, with the courtesy name Qingning. His consort is named Baorong, with the courtesy name Feiyun.

The August Lord in the Southern Palace of Cavernous Yang, associated with the Brilliance of Confusion (Mars), is named Weiting, with the courtesy name Sanrong. His consort is named Huaping, with the courtesy name Xuanluo.

The August Perfected Lord in the Central Palace of the Upper Pivot, associated with the Stabilizing Star (Saturn), is named Zangmu, with the courtesy name Danyan. His consort is named Kongyao, with the courtesy name Feixian.

The August Perfected Lord in the Western Palace of Pure Brightness, associated with the Great White Star (Venus), is named Liaoling, with the courtesy name Zhenxun. His consort is named Biaoying, with the courtesy name Ling’en.

The August Perfected Lord in the Northern Palace of the Dark Dipper, associated with the Morning Star (Mercury), is named Zhaoxuan, with the courtesy name Jingyuan. His consort is named Xuanhua, with the courtesy name Long’e.

The taboo name of the first point of Venus is Yingyu, with the courtesy name Tongbo; the second point’s taboo name is Huantong, with the courtesy name Youyuan; the third point’s taboo name is Jinsheng, with the courtesy name Haoting; the fourth point’s taboo name is Guqing, with the courtesy name Taoji; the fifth point’s taboo name is Haotao, with the courtesy name Qudou.

The taboo name of the first point of Saturn is Huangguang, with the courtesy name Yuanyin; the second point’s taboo name is Liaodian, with the courtesy name Zhuodu; the third point’s taboo name is Kongzhen, with the courtesy name Xiaxuan; the fourth point’s taboo name is Tengmin, with the courtesy name Lingbian; the fifth point’s taboo name is Neiyi, with the courtesy name Yizheng.

The taboo name of the first point of Mars is Changyang, with the courtesy name Yuanwu; the second point’s taboo name is Liujing, with the courtesy name Qizhuan; the third point’s taboo name is Nanhao, with the courtesy name Jingji; the fourth point’s taboo name is Dongsheng, with the courtesy name Zhengtong; the fifth point’s taboo name is Jixing, with the courtesy name Houhua.

The taboo name of the first point of Jupiter is Qingmang, with the courtesy name Shangyang.

The second point of Jupiter.

The fourth point of Mars, whose taboo name is Dongsheng and whose courtesy name is Zhengtong.

The fifth point of Mars, whose taboo name is Jixing and whose courtesy name is Houchua.

The first point of Jupiter, whose taboo name is Qingmang and whose courtesy name is Shangyang.

The second point of Jupiter, whose taboo name is Cangyuan and whose courtesy name is Changming.

The third point of Jupiter, whose taboo name is Biyuan and whose courtesy name is Dongsheng.

The fourth point of Jupiter, whose taboo name is Guiqing and whose courtesy name is Yuyang.

The fifth point of Jupiter, whose taboo name is Lü Tai and whose courtesy name is Ming’ai.

The first point of Mercury, whose taboo name is Xuantong and whose courtesy name is Ziyuan.

The second point of Mercury, whose taboo name is Rikong and whose courtesy name is Dongming.

The third point of Mercury, whose taboo name is Yinyang and whose courtesy name is Boguang.

The fourth point of Mercury, whose taboo name is Shangyuan and whose courtesy name is Cangguang.

The fifth point of Mercury, whose taboo name is Zhongbian and whose courtesy name is Fentu.

The Imperial Venerable of the Assistant Star (the Imperial Venerable who assists the stars), whose taboo name is Chang Wupen and whose courtesy name is Xuan Jiezi.

The True Lord of the Aide Star (the True Lord who assists the stars), whose taboo name is Kong Wuguang and whose courtesy name is Yinyuanjue.

The Nine Stars

The first, the Great Star, is the inner consort of the Palace of the Great High One. Her name is Kong Changfatan, and her courtesy name is Xing Zhengshi.

The second, the Origin Star, is the inner concubine of the Central Origin Palace. Her name is Kong Changsanlaiweng, and her courtesy name is Luo Zhuying.

The third is the True Star, whose taboo name is Kong Wuguang and whose courtesy name is Yinyuanjue.

The Nine Stars

The first, the Great Star, is the inner consort of the Palace of the Great High One. Her name is Kong Changfatan, and her courtesy name is Xing Zhengshi.

The second, the Origin Star, is the inner concubine of the Central Origin Palace. Her name is Kong Changsanlaiweng, and her courtesy name is Luo Zhuying.

The third, the True Star, is the Mother of the Elixir of the Upper Origin in the Palace of True Origin. Her name is Kong Changlingyan, and her courtesy name is Chong Shuangzhao.

The fourth, the Pivot Star, is the inner consort of the Central Origin in the Palace of Hidden Pivot. Her name is Kong Changqilie, and her courtesy name is Hengdanpan.

The fifth, the Guiding Star, is the eldest daughter among the Dipper’s deities in the Palace of Guiding Spirits. Her name is Kong Changyushu, and her courtesy name is Chou Qiulan.

The sixth, the Ordering Star, is the middle daughter among the Dipper’s deities in the Palace of Bright Ordering. Her name is Kong Changqijing, and her courtesy name is Baodingling.

The seventh, the Pass Star, is the youngest daughter among the Dipper’s deities in the Palace of Gathering Passes. Her name is Kong Changleiyumo, and her courtesy name is Tianfanshu.

The eighth imperial star deity is the Left Consort of the High Emperor within the Dipper. Her name is Kongchang Shiqizhu, and her courtesy name is Luomaohua.

The ninth honored star deity is the Right Consort of the High Emperor in the Palace of the Supreme Venerable. Her name is Kongchang Aishangtiao, and her courtesy name is Yunyu Xuan.

Explanation of the Twelve Lords of the Supreme Ultimate (Tenth): The eighth imperial star deity is the Left Consort of the High Emperor within the Dipper. Her name is Kongchang Shiqizhu, and her courtesy name is Luomaohua. The ninth honored star deity is the Right Consort of the High Emperor in the Palace of the Supreme Venerable. Her name is Kongchang Aishangtiao, and her courtesy name is Yunyu Xuan.

Explanation of the Twelve Lords of the Supreme Ultimate (Twelfth)—Names and Formulas:

The Azure Emperor of the East is named Chouliangji, with the courtesy name Qingping.

The Red Emperor of the South is named Changlaijue, with the courtesy name Nanhe.

The White Emperor of the West is named Zhang’anhua, with the courtesy name Xixing.

The Black Emperor of the North is named Baochengchang, with the courtesy name Beifa.

The elder Laozi of Xuanyi is named Lin Xufu, with the courtesy name Lingshi Dao.

The Lord Lao of the Three Primes is named Lao Zhangshang, with the courtesy name Shensheng Dao.

The Left Immortal of Orthodox Unity is named Zhong Chengzi, also called Di Bin, with the courtesy name Sihua.

The Right Immortal of Orthodox Unity is named Qu Wenzi, also called Guang Jian, with the courtesy name Linghe.

The Youth of Great Tenuity is named Gan Jingjing, with the courtesy name Huiyuanzi. He is also called Sanjinjiao and Duidizhen.

The Honored Deity of Great Unity is named Wuyoushou, with the courtesy name Guihuichang. He is also called Xianming and Jipin.

The Left Yuan Yingzi is named Xuanyuanshu, with the courtesy name Hefuzi. He is also called the Lord of the Primordial Essence and the Son of the Spirit Duke.

The Right White Yuan Lord of Dongyang is named Yulingbiao, with the courtesy name Xuanyiji. He is also called Zhujing and Qicheng.

The Elder Lord of the Central Directorate of Destiny is named Lichuming, with the courtesy name Xuanduqing. He is also called Shenzong and Linghua.

The Lord of the Peach at the Gate of Destiny is named Haidaokang, with the courtesy name Hejingjing. He is also called Qicheng.

The Elder Lord of the Central Directorate of Destiny is named Lichuming, with the courtesy name Xuanduqing. He is also called Shenzong and Linghua.

The Lord of the Peach at the Gate of Destiny is named Haidaokang, with the courtesy name Hejingyan. He is also called the King of Destiny and the Root of the Womb.

The Heavenly Emperor Lord of the Muddy Pellet—the Upper Red Child, Xuanningtian—is named Shangyi Chizi Xuanningtian, with the courtesy name Sanyuanxian. He is also called Bo Wushang and Bo Shihua.

In the text, “name,” “courtesy name,” and “also called” introduce the deities’ names, courtesy names, and alternate titles. “Muddy Pellet” is the name of an important site in Daoist conceptions of deities within the body.

The Celestial Emperor of the Niwan (the brain chamber in the head), Qing Zhao, refines the essence. His courtesy name is Zhongxuan Sheng; he is also known as Qi Fei and Chang Fu.

The One Origin Elixir Emperor Lord in the Dantian chamber of the heart, the Jiang Palace (the heart chamber), has the divine name Yun Zhu and the courtesy name Zi Nan Dan. He is also known as Sheng Shangbo and Shi Yunju.

Among the Jiang Palace’s auxiliary stars is the One Origin named Zhongguang Jian, with the courtesy name Sihua Ling. He is also known as Youchebo and Dong Shihua.

The Yellow Court’s Origin King below the Gate of Destiny is Shi Ming Jing, with the courtesy name Yuanyang Chang. He is also known as Ying’er Tai and Bo Shiyuan.

The Yellow Court’s guardian and stabilizing assistant minister, Gui Shangming, has the courtesy name Guxia Xuan. He is also known as Feng Shenbo and Cheng Guangsheng.

The White Qi Lord in the First Embryo is Wu Xuanzi, with the courtesy name Yushang Sheng.

The Blue Qi Lord in the Second Knot is An Yanchang, with the courtesy name Hehe Ying.

The third is Bo Shiyuan.

The Yellow Court’s guardian and stabilizing assistant minister, Gui Shangming, has the courtesy name Guxia Xuan. He is also known as Feng Shenbo and Cheng Guangsheng.

The White Qi Lord in the First Embryo is Wu Xuanzi, with the courtesy name Yushang Sheng.

The Blue Qi Lord in the Second Knot is An Yanchang, with the courtesy name Hehe Ying.

The Black Qi Lord in the Third Section is Fu Laisheng, with the courtesy name Jingshang Men.

The Yellow Qi Lord in the Fourth Womb is Zuming Che, with the courtesy name Shen Wuji.

The Red Qi Lord in the Fifth Blood is Hun Lizi, with the courtesy name Shubao Jian.

The sixth is the Upper Mysterious Origin Father Lord, Gao Tongsheng, with the courtesy name Zuo Huiming.

The seventh is the Lower Mysterious Origin Mother, Shu Huosheng, with the courtesy name You Huiguang.

The Great Emperor Lord of the Celestial Sovereign of the Taiji Purple Chamber is Feng Lingfan, with the courtesy name Lǚ Changling. He is also known as Qiling and the Divine Elder.

Within the Niwan are six palaces. In these six palaces dwells the Imperial Lord Taiyi, whose name is Chong Mingkong and whose courtesy name is You Liaowu.

The preceding section of the Secret Instructions on the Hidden Methods of Cultivating the Great Elixir has already given a complete account, so it is not repeated here.

Instructions on the Golden Book and Jade Characters

The personal names of the Kings of the Nine Heavens:

The King of Yudan Heaven has the surname Hun and the personal name Zha Yun.

The King of Wuliangshou Heaven has the surname Qi and the personal name Min Chi.

The King of Xuyan Heaven has the surname Zi and the personal name Yu Kuang Yun.

The King of Jiran Heaven has the surname Pan and the personal name Qian Jie.

The king of the Heaven of Unabashed Joy has the surname Ning and the personal name Zhaoniluo. The king of the Heaven of Transformation Through Response has the surname Hui and the personal name Ranghuan. The king of the Heaven of Brahma Treasures has the surname Jing and the personal name Wuyunma. The king of the Heaven of Brahma Kamayi has the surname Xuan and the personal name Dengbai. The king of the Heaven of Bali has the surname Pan and the personal name Qianjie.

The text then lists them again: the king of the Heaven of Unabashed Joy has the surname Ning and the personal name Zhaoniluo; the king of the Heaven of Transformation Through Response has the surname Hui and the personal name Ranghuan; the king of the Heaven of Brahma Treasures has the surname Jing and the personal name Wuyunma; and the king of the Heaven of Brahma Kamayi has the surname Xuan and the personal name Dengbai. The king of the Heaven of Bali Dahu has the surname Wang and the personal name “Lingぁ.”

The Great Emperor’s personal name is Hongzheng; the Jade Emperor’s (Yuhuang Dadi) is Bibo; the Perfected One of Purple Void (Zixu Zhenren) is Mingzhu; the Three Elders, revered deities in Daoism, are named Huixie; the Grand Duke is named Wuliang; the Great One, an important Daoist deity, is named Wuyou; and the Imperial Lord is named Lingfan.

Zuo Wuying’s personal name is Gongzi, and You Baiyuan’s is Dongyang. The Director of Destiny (Siming), the deity who governs human lifespans and registers of life, is named Liming. The Lord of Peach is named Haidaokang.

The Demon King of the Nine Heavens has the surname Fudai and the personal name Chongzhou. The Demon King of the Sovereign Heaven has the surname Bei and the personal name Podong. The Demon King of the Three Heavens has the surname Bi and the personal name Song. The Demon King of the Seven Heavens has the surname Huang and the personal name Zhang Hu. The Demon King of the Five Heavens has the surname Youyu and the personal name Xuanfeng. The Demon King of the Three Heavens has the surname Yuan and the personal name Yaodongzuo, with another name, Bing. The Demon King of the Central Heaven has the surname Tianyuan and the personal name Jiluoxia. The Demon King of the Four Heavens has the surname Wutian. The Demon King of the Six Heavens is also included here.

The Demon King of the Five Heavens has the surname Youyu and the personal name Xuanfeng. The Demon King of the Three Heavens has the surname Yuan and the personal name Yaodongzuo, with another name, Bing. The Demon King of the Central Heaven has the surname Tianyuan and the personal name Jiluoxia. The Demon King of the Four Heavens has the surname Wutian. The Demon King of the Six Heavens has the surname Fei and the personal name Shizhenshang.

The Demon King of the Human Realm has the surname Chu and the personal name Duyishi, with another name, Ming. The Demon King of the Eastern Blue Heaven has the surname Bin and the personal name Chicheng. The Demon King of the Southern Red Heaven has the surname Fu and the personal name Baisu. The Demon King of the Western White Heaven has the surname Huangchi and the personal name Zhang Shi. The Demon King of the Northern Black Heaven has the surname Xu and the personal name Zhishi.

The demon king of the Central Yellow Heaven is surnamed Men and named Bo Kuang.

Each of the seven stars of the Northern Dipper has a name for its hun and po: the Great Pivot is Hun Spirit; the Celestial Wanderer is Hun Spirit; the Celestial Mechanism is Po Essence; the Celestial Balance is Po Essence; the Jade Balance is Po Numen; the Opening Yang is Po Numen; and the Jade Light is Great Radiance. Together, these seven are called the “Numinous Ones of the Seven Origins.”

The nine stars also have names: the Supreme Star is called Yang Brightness; the Origin Star, Yin Essence; the True Star, True Person; the Pivot Star, Dark Mystery; the Guiding Star, Cinnabar Origin; the Record Star, Northern Pole; and the Gate Star, Celestial Gate. The Emperor Star is called the Primordial Lord of Humankind, and the Venerable Star is called the Lord of Great Simplicity.

Secret Essentials for Cultivating the True

Method for Hastening to the Sun

Within the sun is the True Lord, Supreme Sovereign of Red Qi, whose personal name is General Liang and whose courtesy name is Lofty and Clear. There are also the Azure Emperor Yuan Changwu, courtesy name Illumining the Dragon’s Stratagem; the Red Emperor Dan Lingzhi, courtesy name Green Rainbow Reflection; the White Emperor Hao Yujiang, courtesy name Returning Golden Rosy Clouds; the Black Emperor Cheng Zhen Ting, courtesy name Dark Green Flame; and the Yellow Emperor Shou Yifu, courtesy name Whirling Radiance Image.

The hun, po, and vital essence of the moon are named Ai Xiao Tai Biao.

Method for Hastening to the Moon

Within the moon is the Divine Mother, Supreme Sovereign of Yellow Qi, whose personal name is Yao Daozhi and whose courtesy name is Upright and Flourishing Branches. There are also the Azure Emperor’s Lady E Yinzhu, courtesy name Fragrant and Radiant Infant; the Red Emperor’s Lady Yi Yiliao, courtesy name Graceful and Far-Reaching Emptiness; the White Emperor’s Lady Ling Sulan, courtesy name Dense, Connected Blossoms; the Black Emperor’s Lady Jie Lianqiao, courtesy name Stillness Belonging to Metal; and the Yellow Emperor’s Lady Qing Yingjin, courtesy name Firmly Settled Bearing.

The hun, po, and vital essence of the sun are named Pearl Radiance, Red Child.

Method of the Five Planets

Above Jupiter, anciently called the Year Star, is the Dao Lord of Azure and Yellow, whose personal name is Cheng Lan and whose courtesy name is Clear and Condensed. His consort is named Bao Rong, courtesy name Flying Clouds.

The True Lord of Mars, the deity of the planet Mars, is named Wei Ning, with the courtesy name San Rong. His consort is named Hua Ping, with the courtesy name Xuan Luo.

The True Sovereign Lord of Venus, the deity of the planet Venus, is named Liao Jun, with the courtesy name Zhen Xun. His consort is named Biao Ying, with the courtesy name Ling En.

The True Sovereign Dao Lord of Mercury, the deity of the planet Mercury, is named Zhao Xuan, with the courtesy name Jing Yuan. His consort is named Xuan Hua, with the courtesy name Long E.

The True Sovereign Lord of Saturn, the deity of the planet Saturn, is named Zang Mu, with the courtesy name Dan Yan. His consort is named Kong Yao, with the courtesy name Fei Xian.

Secret Instructions

The deities of the Three Dantian (energy centers)—the upper, middle, and lower Dantian—are named Xuan Hua, with the courtesy name Long E.

The True Sovereign Lord of Saturn is named Zang Mu, with the courtesy name Dan Yan. His consort is named Kong Yao, with the courtesy name Fei Xian.

Secret Instructions

The names and titles of the deities of the Three Dantian have all been recorded in the preceding section and are not repeated here.

The Lord of the Green Youth is named Fan Mei.

Secret Instructions

The nine great deities of essence and Qi within the Northern Dipper are: Qi Niu, with the courtesy name Ling Gang; Xuan Du, with the courtesy name Su Kang; and Kang Meng, with the courtesy name Liu Yu.

The Great Deity of the Upper Origin is named Qi Niu, with the courtesy name Ling Gang; the Great Deity of the Middle Origin is named Xuan Du, with the courtesy name Su Kang; and the Great Deity of the Lower Origin is named Kang Meng, with the courtesy name Liu Yu.

The Yin Spirit Jade-Clear Upper Consort of the Nine Essences within the Northern Dipper is named Mi Hua, with the courtesy name Lin Qian.

This concludes volume five of The Secret Revelations of the True and Holy Ones in the Shangqing Scriptures.

Volume Six of The Secret Revelations of the True and Holy Ones in the Shangqing Scriptures

Secret Instructions

The Jade Maidens of the Six Jia cycles and their special talismanic writings.

The Great Mystery Jade Maiden for the day Jiazi is named Ling Zhu, with the courtesy name Cheng Yi.

The Great Mystery Jade Maiden for the day Yichou is named Lan Xiu, with the courtesy name Qing Meng.

The Great Mystery Jade Maiden for the day Bingyin is named Ding Hua, with the courtesy name Yu Ling.

The Great Mystery Jade Maiden for the day Dingmao is named Xu Tai, with the courtesy name Fu You.

The Great Mystery Jade Maiden for the day Wuchen is named Ai Chun, with the courtesy name Zhong Li.

Listed above are several rosters of Jade Maidens arranged by the sexagenary cycle. “Tai Xuan Jade Maiden,” “Yellow Simplicity Jade Maiden,” and “Great Simplicity Jade Maiden” are titles of female immortals in Daoist divine genealogies. “Name” refers to a personal name, while “style” refers to a courtesy name.

The Tai Xuan Jade Maiden for the year jisi is named Sifu, with the style Ninghua; for gengwu, she is named Huirong, with the style Liunan; for xinwei, Chenghua, with the style Baozhu; for renshen, Shuanghuang, with the style Fengwen; and for guiyou, Longying, with the style Huansheng. The year jiazi is assigned to the left division of the Lingfei Jade Maidens in the Tai Xuan Palace.

The Yellow Simplicity Jade Maiden for the year jiaxu is named Shenyuan, with the style Feilian; for yihai, Zichun, with the style Feizhi. The Yellow Simplicity Jade Maidens from bingzi through guiwei are, in sequence: bingzi, Qifeng, style Canying; dingchou, Fenghuan, style Yu’e; wuyin, Shuying, style Shangrong; ji’mao, Yingxuan, style Yuzhu; gengchen, Zhengling, style Xiangzhen; xin’si, Weisheng, style Diaoluo; renwu, Wanyong, style Qiancheng; and guiwei, Liangying, style Echang. The year jiaxu is assigned to the left division of the Lingfei Jade Maidens in the Yellow Simplicity Palace.

The Great Simplicity Jade Maidens from jiashen through gengyin are, in sequence: jiashen, Zhenyuan, style Qiongshi; yiyou, Lanxiao, style Yuying; bingxu, E’xuan, style Heming; dinghai, Yufang, style Lühua; wuzi, Xiangfeng, style Dinghui; jichou, Yantong, style Yanzhu; and gengyin, Qihan, style Lingfei. At the end, “Xiangfeng, style Dinghui” is listed again.

The Tai Su Jade Maiden associated with the day Ji Chou is named Yan Tong, with the courtesy name Yan Zhu.

The Tai Su Jade Maiden associated with the day Geng Yin is named Qi Han, with the courtesy name Ling Fei.

The Tai Su Jade Maiden associated with the day Xin Mao is named Zhao Tai, with the courtesy name Pian Fu.

The Tai Su Jade Maiden associated with the day Ren Chen is named Wei Jin, with the courtesy name Dan Qi.

The Tai Su Jade Maiden associated with the day Gui Si is named An Fu, with the courtesy name Sha Feng.

Those associated with the day Jia Shen are subordinates of the Ling Fei Jade Maiden on the left side of Tai Su Palace.

The Crimson Palace Jade Maiden associated with the day Jia Wu is named Dan Ting, with the courtesy name Yun Ling.

The Crimson Palace Jade Maiden associated with the day Yi Wei is named San Yang, with the courtesy name Ling Hua.

The Crimson Palace Jade Maiden associated with the day Bing Shen is named Sui Jing, with the courtesy name Xuan Zhu.

The Crimson Palace Jade Maiden associated with the day Ding You is named Bao Yun, with the courtesy name Lü Kai.

The Crimson Palace Jade Maiden associated with the day Wu Xu is named Fang Bin, with the courtesy name Shi Xiang.

The Crimson Palace Jade Maiden associated with the day Ji Hai is named Qing Ying, with the courtesy name Nan Ling.

The Crimson Palace Jade Maiden associated with the day Geng Zi is named Ling Qun, with the courtesy name Qu Deng.

The Crimson Palace Jade Maiden associated with the day Xin Chou is named Nan Jiang, with the courtesy name Qi Qing.

The Crimson Palace Jade Maiden associated with the day Ren Yin is named Fen Hua, with the courtesy name Wei Zhi.

The Crimson Palace Jade Maiden associated with the day Gui Mao is named Yao Ying, with the courtesy name Xi An.

Those associated with the day Jia Wu are subordinates of the Ling Fei Jade Maiden on the right side of the Crimson Palace.