《皇極經世》Vol. 12
About this page. The original text of 《皇極經世》 Vol. 12 (Taixuan 太玄部, 23 volumes) is shown in Classical Chinese as transmitted in the Kanripo (Kyoto University) edition. An English interpretation of the 17 passages on this page accompanies it: select a passage or press “Interpretation” to show it. All texts in English
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Huangji Jingshi (Supreme Principles for Governing the World), Volume Four, Part Two, Yi Six
Composed by Shao Yong (Shao Yaofu), a native of Sanchuan.
Calculated by the "assembly" (hui) method, the eleventh section of the "scriptural cycle" (jingyun), from Guanwu pian (Observing Things), section 23.
Jing day: Jia 1
Jing month: Wu 7
Jing stars: Ren 189
Jing branches: Zi 2,257
Jiazi year, year 15 (Lende era)
Yichou year, year 16
Bingyin year, year 17 (Qianfeng era)
Dingmao year, year 18
Wuchen year, year 19 (Zongzhang era)
Jisi year, year 20
Gengwu year, year 21 (Xianheng era)
Xinwei year, year 22
Renshen year, year 23
Guiyou year, year 24
Jiaxu year, year 25 (Shangyuan era)
Yihai year, year 26
Bingzi year, year 27 (Yifeng era)
Dingchou year, year 28
Wuyin year, year 29
Jimao year, year 30 (Tiaolu era)
Gengchen year, year 31 (Yonglong era)
Xinsi year, year 32 (Kaiyao era)
Renwu year, year 33 (Yongchun era)
Guiwei year, year 34 (Hongdao era)
Jiashen year, Emperor Zhongzong of Tang ascended the throne. Empress Wu deposed Zhongzong, enfeoffed him as Prince of Ling, and relocated him to Junzhou. She then installed Prince Li Dan of Yuzhang as emperor and changed the era name to Wenming, later changing it to Guangzhai.
Yiyou year, year 2. Empress Wu moved the emperor to Fangzhou.
Bingxu year, year 3.
Dinghai year, year 4.
Wuzi year, year 5.
Jichou year, year 6. Empress Wu changed the era name to Yongchang.
Gengyin year, year 7. Empress Wu changed the era name to Zaichu, then changed the dynastic name to Zhou and the era name to Tianshou. Li Dan, Prince of Yuzhang, was made heir apparent.
Xinmao year, year 8.
Renchen year, year 9. Empress Wu changed the era name to Ruyi, later changing it to Changshou.
Guisi year, year 10.
Chou branch: 2,258
Jiawu year, year 11. Empress Wu changed the era name to Yanzai.
Yiwei year, year 12. Empress Wu changed the era name to Zhengsheng, later changing it to Tiance Wansui.
Bingshen year, year 13. Empress Wu changed the era name to Wansui Dengfeng, later changing it to Wansui Tongtian.
Dingyou year, year 14. Empress Wu changed the era name to Shengong.
Wuxu year, year 15. Empress Wu changed the era name to Shengli and recalled Zhongzong from Fangling, restoring his throne.
Jihai year, year 16.
This is a table, recorded in the Huangji Jingshi (The Supreme Principles Governing the World), that matches the sexagenary (ganzhi) years with the reign titles of the Tang dynasty. The number after each ganzhi year gives the year within that reign period, and the notes in parentheses record the year's reign-title changes, reign names, or historical events. The phrases "Jingchen zhi yin, two thousand two hundred and fifty-nine" and "Jingchen zhi mao, two thousand two hundred and sixty" are chronological markers in the text.
In the year gengzi, Empress Wu changed the reign title to "Jiushi," which was the seventeenth year. In the year xinchou, Empress Wu changed the reign title to "Dazu," and later to "Chang'an," which was the eighteenth year. The year renyin was the nineteenth year, guimao the twentieth, and jiachen the twenty-first. In the year yisi, the Tang was restored and the reign title was changed to "Shenlong," which was the twenty-second year. The year bingwu was the twenty-third year and dingwei the twenty-fourth, with the reign title "Jinglong." Wushen was the twenty-fifth year, and jiyou the twenty-sixth.
In the year gengxu, during the reign of Emperor Ruizong of Tang, the reign title was "Jingyun." Xinhai was the second year. In the year renzi, Emperor Xuanzong ascended the throne, and the reign title was "Xiantian." Guichou was the second year, when the reign title was changed to "Kaiyuan." Jiayin was the third year, yimao the fourth, bingchen the fifth, dingsi the sixth, wuwu the seventh, jiwei the eighth, gengshen the ninth, xinyou the tenth, renxu the eleventh, and guihai the twelfth.
Counting by the Jingchen era up to the mao year gives two thousand two hundred and sixty years.
Jiazi was the thirteenth year, yichou the fourteenth, bingyin the fifteenth, dingmao the sixteenth, wuchen the seventeenth, jisi the eighteenth, gengwu the nineteenth, xinwei the twentieth, renshen the twenty-first, guiyou the twenty-second, jiaxu the twenty-third, and yihai the twenty-fourth. Bingzi was the twenty-fifth year, when Consort Yang (Yang Guifei) entered the palace. Dingchou was the twenty-sixth year, wuyin the twenty-seventh, jimao the twenty-eighth, gengchen the twenty-ninth, xinsi the thirtieth, and renwu the thirty-first, when the reign title was changed to "Tianbao." Guiwei was the thirty-second year, jiashen the thirty-third, yiyou the thirty-fourth, bingxu the thirty-fifth, dinghai the thirty-sixth, wuzi the thirty-seventh, jichou the thirty-eighth, gengyin the thirty-ninth, xinmao the fortieth, renchen the forty-first, and guisi the forty-second.
Counting by the Jingchen era up to the mao year gives two thousand two hundred and sixty years.
Jiawu was the forty-third year and yiwei the forty-fourth. In the year bingshen, Emperor Suzong ascended the throne, and the reign title was "Zhide." Dingyou was the second year and wuxu the third, when the reign title was changed to "Qianyuan." Jihai was the fourth year and gengzi the fifth, when the reign title was changed to "Shangyuan." Xinchou was the sixth year and renyin the seventh, when the reign title was changed to "Baoying."
The year Guimao: Emperor Daizong of the Tang was on the throne, with the era name Guangde.
The year Jiachen was the second year. The year Yisi was the third year, with the era name Yongtai. The year Bingwu was the fourth year, with the era name Dali. The year Dingwei was the fifth year, the year Wushen the sixth, the year Jiyou the seventh, the year Gengxu the eighth, the year Xinhai the ninth, the year Renzi the tenth, the year Guichou the eleventh, the year Jiayin the twelfth, the year Yimao the thirteenth, the year Bingchen the fourteenth, the year Dingsi the fifteenth, the year Wuwu the sixteenth, and the year Jiwei the seventeenth.
The year Gengshen saw Emperor Dezong of the Tang accede to the throne, with the era name Jianzhong. The year Xinyou was the second year, the year Renxu the third, and the year Guihai the fourth.
This is the 2,261st year of the "Jingchen zhi chen" (Jingchen of Jingchen) cycle. "Jingchen zhi chen" is a time marker within the chronological system of the Huangji Jingshi (Supreme Principles Governing the World) by Shao Yong.
The year Jiazi was the fifth year of Emperor Dezong, with the era name Xingyuan. The year Yichou was the sixth year, with the era name Zhenyuan. The year Bingyin was the seventh year, the year Dingmao the eighth, the year Wuchen the ninth, the year Jisi the tenth, the year Gengwu the eleventh, the year Xinwei the twelfth, the year Renshen the thirteenth, the year Guiyou the fourteenth, the year Jiaxu the fifteenth, the year Yihai the sixteenth, the year Bingzi the seventeenth, the year Dingchou the eighteenth, the year Wuyin the nineteenth, the year Jimao the twentieth, the year Gengchen the twenty-first, the year Xinsi the twenty-second, the year Renwu the twenty-third, the year Guiwei the twenty-fourth, the year Jiashen the twenty-fifth, and the year Yiyou the twenty-sixth. In this year Emperor Shunzong of the Tang acceded to the throne, but he reigned for less than a full year.
The year Bingxu saw Emperor Xianzong of the Tang accede to the throne, with the era name Yuanhe. The year Dinghai was the second year, the year Wuzi the third, the year Jichou the fourth, the year Gengyin the fifth, the year Xinmao the sixth, the year Renchen the seventh, and the year Guisi the eighth.
This is the 2,262nd year of the "Jingchen zhi si" (Jingchen of Si) cycle. "Jingchen zhi si" is a time marker within the chronological system of the Huangji Jingshi by Shao Yong.
The year Jiawu was the ninth year of Emperor Xianzong. The year Yiwei was the tenth year, the year Bingshen the eleventh, the year Dingyou the twelfth, the year Wuxu the thirteenth, the year Jihai the fourteenth, and the year Gengzi the fifteenth.
The year Xinchou saw Emperor Muzong of the Tang accede to the throne, with the era name Changqing. The year Renyin was the second year, the year Guimao the third, and the year Jiachen the fourth.
The year Yisi saw Emperor Jingzong of the Tang accede to the throne, with the era name Baoli. The year Bingwu was the second year.
The year Dingwei saw Emperor Wenzong of the Tang accede to the throne, with the era name Dahe. The year Wushen was the second year, the year Jiyou the third, the year Gengxu the fourth, the year Xinhai the fifth, the year Renzi the sixth, the year Guichou the seventh, the year Jiayin the eighth, the year Yimao the ninth, the year Bingchen the tenth, with the era name Kaicheng, and the year Dingsi the eleventh.
The twelfth year (wuwu), the thirteenth year (jiwei), the fourteenth year (gengshen).
In the year xinyou, Emperor Wuzong of the Tang reigned, with the era name Huichang. Renxu was the second year, and guihai the third year.
Counting from the cycle of chen to wu, the total is two thousand two hundred and sixty-three years.
Jiazi was the fourth year, yichou the fifth year, and bingyin the sixth year.
In the year dingmao, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang reigned, with the era name Dazhong. Wuchen was the second year, jisi the third, gengwu the fourth, xinwei the fifth, renshen the sixth, guiyou the seventh, jiaxu the eighth, yihai the ninth, bingzi the tenth, dingchou the eleventh, wuyin the twelfth, and jimao the thirteenth.
In the year gengchen, Emperor Yizong of the Tang reigned, with the era name Xiantong. Xinsi was the second year, renwu the third, guiwei the fourth, jiashen the fifth, yiyou the sixth, bingxu the seventh, dinghai the eighth, wuzi the ninth, jichou the tenth, gengyin the eleventh, xinmao the twelfth, renchen the thirteenth, and guisi the fourteenth.
Counting from the cycle of chen to wei, the total is two thousand two hundred and sixty-four years.
In the year jiawu, Emperor Xizong of the Tang reigned, with the era name Qianfu. Yiwei was the second year, and bingshen the third, when Wang Xianzhi attacked and captured Huainan. Dingyou was the fourth year, when Huang Chao captured Yizhou and Yunzhou. Wuxu was the fifth year, jihai the sixth, and gengzi the seventh. During the Guangming era, Huang Chao captured the two capitals of Chang'an and Luoyang, proclaimed himself Emperor of the Qi state, and established the era name Jintong.
Xinchou was the eighth year, with the era name Zhonghe. Renyin was the ninth year. Guimao was the tenth year, when Huang Chao fled to Languan. Jiachen was the eleventh year. Yisi was the twelfth year, with the era name Guangqi. Bingwu was the thirteenth year, with the era name Jianshen, when Wang Chao occupied Fuzhou. Dingwei was the fourteenth year, after which it was recorded as the second year. Wushen was the fifteenth year, with the era name Wende, after which it was recorded as the third year.
In the year jiyou, Emperor Zhaozong of the Tang acceded, with the era name Longji, after which it was recorded as the fourth year. Qian Liu occupied Hangzhou, and Wang Jian occupied Xiandu. In the year gengxu, with the era name Jingfu, the second year, after which it was recorded as the fifth and second years. In the year xinhai, Yang Xingmi occupied Yangzhou, after which it was recorded as the third, sixth, third, and third years. In the year renzi, with the era name Jingfu, after which it was recorded as the fourth, seventh, fourth, fourth, and second years. In the year guichou, it was recorded as the fifth, eighth, fifth, fifth, and third years. In the year jiayin, with the era name Qianning, Li Maozhen occupied Fengxiang, after which it was recorded as the sixth, ninth, sixth, sixth, and fourth years. In the year yimao, it was recorded as the seventh, tenth, seventh, seventh, and fifth years. In the year bingchen, it was recorded as the eighth, eleventh, eighth, eighth, sixth, and third years.
Dingsi, wuwu, jiwei, gengshen, xinyou, renxu, guihai, jiazi, and yichou are sexagenary year designations. Each is followed by the era name, ruler, or regime events for that year, along with several numerical calendrical records. The parenthetical notes in the original supply era names, personal names, or titles. "Li" (lì) means enthronement or the founding of a regime, and "chengdi" (chēngdì) means the formal proclamation of imperial rule.
In the year wuwu, Wang Shenzhi, King of Min, was in power and used the era name Guanghua. In xinyou, the era name Tianfu was used. In renxu, he was enfeoffed as King of Yue and as King of Wu. In jiazi, the era name Tianyou was used. In yichou, Emperor Ai of Tang was on the throne, and Wu Wo acceded.
In dingmao, Zhu Quanzhong founded Liang and adopted the era name Kaiping. In wuchen, Wang Jian, King of Shu, proclaimed himself emperor, and Wu Wei acceded. In jisi, Shu used the era name Wucheng. In xinwei, Liang used the era name Qianhua. In renshen, Liang's King Youguei used the era name Fenglì. In guiyou, Liang's King Youzhen used the era name Qianhua. In yihai, the era name Zhenming was used. In bingzi, Shu used the era name Tongzheng. In dingchou, Shu used the era name Tianhan, and Liu Zhi of Southern Han used the era name Qianheng. In wuyin, Shu used the era name Tianguang. In jimao, Wang Yan, King of Shu, used the era name Qiande, and Emperor Wu Wei used the era name Wuyi. In xinsi, Liang used the era name Longde, and Wu Pu acceded and used the era name Shunyi.
"Jingchen zhi shen 2,265" is a calendrical notation in this passage. It records that the jingchen zhi shen stage totals 2,265. The remaining numbers in the original are listed in sequence and belong to the calendrical reckoning of the Huangji Jingshi (Canon of Supreme World Governance). Without further context it is difficult to determine what each number means, so they are preserved as recorded here and not forced into interpretations as era names or events.
In the Ren-wu year: 12, 15, 34, 4, 2, 29, 6. In the Gui-wei year: Later Tang (a regime of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period; Emperor Zhuangzong, reign title Tongguang) 26, 35, 5, 3; subordinate to Later Tang; 7. In the Jia-shen year: 2, 27, 36, 6, 4, 8. In the Yi-you year: 3; the Shu territory was destroyed; Min (a regime of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, Wang Yanhan) 37; Shu perished; 5, 9; also called "Dragon."
In the Bing-xu year: Later Tang (Emperor Mingzong, reign title Dacheng); Min (Wang Yanjun) 38, 6, 10. In the Ding-hai year: 2, 2, 39, 7, 11; Khitan (a northern regime, Yelü Deguang, reign title Guangtian). In the Wu-zi year: 3, 3, 40, 8, 12 (reign title Dayou), 2. In the Ji-chou year: 4, 4, 41, 9, 13, 3. In the Geng-yin year: 5 (reign title Changxing), 5, 42, 10, 14, 4. In the Xin-mao year: 6, 6, 43, 11, 15, 5. In the Ren-chen year: 7, 7, 44, 12, 16, 6. In the Gui-si year: Later Tang (Emperor Min) 8; Wu Kingdom (Qian Yuanguan) 13, 17, 7.
"Jing-chen-zhi-you two thousand two hundred and sixty-six": the Jing-chen-zhi-you is a unit of chronological reckoning, totaling two thousand two hundred and sixty-six years.
In the Jia-wu year: Later Tang (Last Emperor Li Congke, reign title Qingtai) 9, 2; Shu (Meng Zhixiang, reign title Mingde) 14, 18, 8. In the Yi-wei year: 2; Min (Wang Chang, reign title Yonghe) 3; Shu (Meng Chang, reign title Mingde) 15 (reign title Tianzuo), 19, 9. In the Bing-shen year: Jin (Shi Jingtang, reign title Tianfu) 2; (reign title Tongwen) 4, 26, 20, 10. In the Ding-you year: 2, 3, 5, 3; Southern Tang (reign title Shengyuan) 21, 11. In the Wu-xu year: 3, 4, 6, 4, 2, 22, 12 (reign title Huitong).
In the Ji-hai year: 4; Min (Wang Yanyi, reign title Yongling) 7, 5, 3, 23, 13. In the Geng-zi year: 5, 2, 8, 6, 4, 24, 14. In the Xin-chou year: 6, 3, 9, 7, 5, 25, 15. In the Ren-yin year: 7, 4; Wu (Qian Zuo) 8, 6, 26, 16. In the Gui-mao year: Jin (Xuangui) 5, 2 (reign title Kaiyun); Min (Wang Yanzheng, reign title Tiande) 30; Southern Tang (Li Jing, reign title Baoda) 2 (reign titles Yingqian and Qianhe), 18.
In the Jia-chen year: 2 (reign title Kaiyun); Min (Wang Yanzheng, reign title Tiande) 3; 10; Southern Tang (Li Jing, reign title Baoda) 2 (reign titles Yingqian and Qianhe); 18. In the Yi-si year: 3, 2, 4, 11, 2, 39.
This passage is a chronological record in the style of the annals in the Huangji Jingshi (Supreme Principles Governing the World), arranged by ganzhi year and listing the rulers, reign titles, and reign-year numbers of each regime. The original is typeset in multi-column tables, and the plain text here does not show the column divisions, so it is not entirely clear which numbers belong to which column; the above follows the original order.
Bingwu year: the matching numbers are "3, 5, 12, 3, 4, 20."
Dingwei year: the Han dynasty was founded by Liu Zhiyuan, and Min by Liu Congzhi. The corresponding numbers are "6, 13, 4, 5." The Khitan were ruled by Wuyu (era name Tianlu).
Wushen year: the Han entered the second year of the Qianyou era. Wu was ruled by Qian Chu. The corresponding numbers are "14, 5, 6, 2."
Jiyou year: Liu Yincheng, Emperor Yin of Han, reigned for three years. The corresponding numbers are "2, 15, 6, 7, 3."
Gengxu year: the corresponding numbers are "2, 4, 3, 16, 7, 8, 4."
Xinhai year: the Later Zhou was founded by Guo Wei, with the era name Guangshun. The corresponding numbers are "5, 4, 17, 8, 9." The Khitan were ruled by the Yelü clan. Northern Han was founded by Liu Chong, with the era name Qianyou.
Renzi year: the corresponding numbers are "2, 6, 5, 18, 9, 12, 2."
Guichou year: the corresponding numbers are "3, 7, 6, 19, 10, 11, 3, 3."
Jiayin year: the Later Zhou entered the Xiantong era. The corresponding numbers are "4, 8, 7, 20, 11, 12, 4, 4."
Yimao year: Emperor Shizong of the Later Zhou reigned, with the era name Xiantong. The corresponding numbers are "9, 8, 21, 12, 13, 5, 5."
Bingchen year: the Later Zhou entered the second year of the Xiantong era. The corresponding numbers are "2, 9, 22, 13, 14, 6." Northern Han was ruled by Liu Chengjun, with the era name Tianhui.
Dingsi year: the Later Zhou entered the third year of the Xiantong era. The corresponding numbers are "11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 7, 2."
Wuwu year: the Later Zhou entered the fourth year of the Xiantong era. The corresponding numbers are "12, 11, 24, 15, 16, 8, 3."
Jiwei year: the Later Zhou entered the fifth year of the Xiantong era. The corresponding numbers are "13, 12, 25, 16." Southern Han was ruled by the Zhang clan, with the era name Dabao. Following this, the table lists "9, 4."
Gengshen year: Zhao Kuangyin, Emperor Taizu of Song, founded the Song dynasty, with the era name Jianlong. The corresponding numbers are "14, 13, 26, 17, 2, 5."
Xinyou year: the corresponding numbers are "2, 15, 14, 27, 18, 3, 11, 6."
Renxu year: the corresponding numbers are "3, 16, 15, 28." Southern Tang was ruled by Li Yu. Following this, the table lists "4, 12, 7."
Guihai year: the Song entered the Qiande era. Min was ruled by Hong Jin. The corresponding numbers are "16, 29, 2, 5, 13, 8."
"Jing Chen Zhi Xu, two thousand two hundred and sixty-seven": this is the calendrical marker used in this table, recorded as two thousand two hundred and sixty-seven.
Jiazi year: the corresponding numbers are "5, 27, 33, 6, 14, 9."
Yichou year: the Song entered its sixth year and destroyed Shu, ending the Shu state. The corresponding numbers are "3, 18, 4, 7, 15, 10."
Bingyin year: the Song entered its seventh year. The corresponding numbers are "4, 19, 5, 8, 16, 11."
Dingmao year: the Song entered its eighth year. The corresponding numbers are "5, 20, 6, 9, 17, 12."
Wuchen year: the Song entered its ninth year, and the era-name characters are incomplete. The corresponding numbers are "6, 21, 7, 10, 18, 13."
Jisi year: the Song entered its tenth year. The corresponding numbers are "7, 22, 8, 11." The Khitan were ruled by Mingji, with the era name Bao□. Northern Han was ruled by Liu Jiyuan, with the era name Guangyun.
This passage is a chronological table from the Huangji Jingshi (Supreme Principles Governing the World), arranged by sexagenary cycle years and pairing dynasties, rulers, and era names with a set of numbers. The original text lacks punctuation between the numbers, and some characters are damaged, so the numbers are reproduced in their original order. The names and era titles in parentheses identify the historical figures and regimes concerned.
Gengwu year: 11, 8, 23, 9, 12, 2, 2. Xinwei year: 12, 9, 24, 10, 13, 3, 3. Renshen year: 13, 12, 15, 11; the Southern Han falls; 4, 4. Guiyou year: 14, 11, 26, 12, 5, 5. Jiaxu year: 15, 12, 27, 13, 6, 6. Yihai year: 16, 13; (na/guo); 28; the Southern Tang falls; 7, 7. Bingzi year: during the reign of Song Taizong, reign title Taiping Xingguo; 29; (na guo); 8, 8. Dingchou year: 2, 99. Wuyin year: 30, 10. Jimao year: 4; the Northern Han falls; 11; reign title Qianheng; the Northern Han falls.
Gengchen year: 5, 12. Xinsi year: 6, 13. Renwu year: 7, 14. Guiwei year: 8; Khitan reign titles Longxu and Tonghe. Jiashen year: 9; reign title Yongxi; 2. Yiyou year: 13. Bingxu year: 11, 4. Dinghai year: 12, 5. Wuzi year: 13; reign title Duangong; 6. Jichou year: 14, 7. Gengyin year: 15; reign title Chunhua; 8. Xinmao year: 16, 9. Renchen year: 17, 10. Guisi year: 18, 11.
"Jing chen zhi hai": 2,268.
Jiawu year: 19, 12. Yiwei year: 20; reign title Zhidao; 13. Bingshen year: 21, 14. Dingyou year: 22, 15. Wuxu year: during the reign of Song Zhenzong, reign title Xianping; 16. Jihai year: 2, 17. Gengzi year: 3, 18. Xinchou year: 4, 19. Renyin year: 5, 20. Guimao year: 6, 21. Jiachen year: 7; reign title Jingde; 22. Yisi year: 8, 23. Bingwu year: 9, 24. Dingwei year: 10, 25. Wushen year: 11; reign title Dazhong Xiangfu; 26. Jiyou year: 12, 27. Gengxu year: 13, 28. Xinhai year: 14, 29. Renzi year: 15, 30; Khitan reign title Kaitai. Guichou year: 16, 31. Jiayin year: 17, 32. Yimao year: 18, 33. Bingchen year: 19, 34.
In this passage, gengwu, xinwei and similar terms are ganzhi (sexagenary cycle) year designations, while Taiping Xingguo, Yongxi, Chunhua and similar terms are reign titles (nianhao). The original records calendrical or chronological information as numbers placed side by side, without marking which column each number belongs to. The marks rendered "na/guo" and similar may be variant readings or uncertain transcriptions, so they are kept as they appear in the original.
The Huangji Jingshi (Book of the Supreme World-Ordering), Juan 4, Guanwu pian, chapter 24, uses hui (world-epoch) to encompass the twelve sections of the jing (cosmic cycles) and yun (periods). The jing ri (day-cycle) is recorded as jia one, the jing yue (month-cycle) as wu seven, the jing xing (star-cycle) as gui one hundred ninety, and the jing chen (time-cycle) as zi two thousand two hundred sixty-nine. What follows arranges the years in sexagenary order, giving each year's ordinal number and, where relevant, the era name and the reign-year counts of the ruling states.
Dingsi year: the twentieth and thirty-fifth years. Wusi year: the twenty-first and thirty-sixth years. Jiwei year: the twenty-second and thirty-seventh years. Gengshen year: the twenty-third and thirty-eighth years. Xinyou year: the twenty-fourth and thirty-ninth years. Renxu year: the twenty-fifth and fortieth years. Guihai year, in which Song Renzong (Emperor Ren of Song) reigned under the era name Tiansheng: the forty-first year.
Huangji Jingshi, Juan 4
The twelve sections of the jing and yun are encompassed by hui, in Guanwu pian, chapter 24. The jing ri is jia one, the jing yue is wu seven, the jing xing is gui one hundred ninety, and the jing chen is zi two thousand two hundred sixty-nine.
Jiazi year: the second and forty-second years. Yichou year: the third and forty-third years. Bingyin year: the fourth and forty-fourth years. Dingmao year: the fifth and forty-fifth years. Wuchen year: the sixth and forty-sixth years. Jisi year: the seventh and forty-seventh years. Gengwu year: the eighth and forty-eighth years. Xinwei year: the ninth and forty-ninth years. Renshen year: the tenth year, under the era name Mingdao. The Khitan era name was Xing (the source has an additional character, chong, here), and the Western Xia era name was Yuanhao (the source has Xiandao here).
Guiyou year: the eleventh and thirty-second years. Jiaxu year: the twelfth and forty-third years. Yihai year: the thirteenth and fifty-fourth years. Bingzi year: the fourteenth and sixty-fifth years, under the era name Daqing. Dingchou year: the fifteenth and seventy-sixth years. Wuyin year: the sixteenth year, under the era name Baoyuan; the eighty-seventh year, which is the Western Xia era name Tianshou Lifa Yanzuo.
Jimao year: the seventeenth and ninth years. Gengchen year: the eighteenth year, under the era name Kangding, and the tenth year. Xinsi year: the nineteenth year, under the era name Qingli, and the eleventh year. Renwu year: the twentieth and twelfth years. Guiwei year: the twenty-first and thirteenth years. Jiashen year: the twenty-second and fourteenth years. Yiyou year: the twenty-third and fifteenth years. Bingxu year: the twenty-fourth and sixteenth years. Dinghai year: the twenty-fifth and seventeenth years. Wuzi year: the twenty-sixth and eighteenth years. Jichou year: the twenty-seventh year, under the era name Huangyou, and the nineteenth year. Gengyin year: the twenty-eighth and twentieth years. Xinmao year: the twenty-ninth and twenty-first years. Renchen year: the thirtieth and twenty-second years. Guisi year: the thirty-first and twenty-third years.
The jing chen is chou two thousand two hundred seventy.
Jiawu year: the thirty-second year, under the era name Zhihe, and the twenty-fourth year. Yiwei year: the thirty-third year, with the Khitan era name Hong. Bingshen year: the thirty-fourth year, under the era name Jiayou, and the second year. Dingyou year: the thirty-fifth and third years. Wuxu year: the thirty-sixth and fourth years.
The original passage mainly lists years in sexagenary order and sets the numerical sequence of the Huangji Jingshi alongside the Song era names and the Khitan and Western Xia calendars. The correspondence between some numbers and the bracketed notes is not entirely clear, so the above keeps the original order as closely as possible.
The year Jihai: 37 and 5. The year Gengzi: 38 and 6. The year Xinchou: 39 and 7. The year Renyin: 48. The year Guimao: 41 and 9. The year Jiachen, in the Zhiping reign of Song Yingzong (the writing "zhi zheng" is probably an error in the original): 10. The year Yisi: 21. The year Bingwu: 32 (the dynastic title was changed to Da Liao). The year Dingwei: 43. The year Wushen, in the Xining reign of Song Shenzong: 14. The year Jiyou: 25. The year Gengxu: 36. The year Xinhai: 47. The year Renzi: 58. The year Guichou: 69. The year Jiayin: 7 and 20. The year Yimao: 8 and 21. The year Bingchen: 9 and 22. The year Dingsi: 12 and 13. The year Wuwu: 11. The year Jiwei: 12. The year Gengshen: 13. The year Xinyou: 14. The year Renxu: 15. The year Guihai: 16.
Jing chen zhi yin: 2,271. The year Jiazi: 17. The year Yichou: 18. The year Bingyin, when Song Zhezong acceded. The year Dingmao: 2. The year Wuchen: 3. The year Jisi: 4. The year Gengwu: 5. The year Xinwei: 6. The year Renshen: 7. The year Guiyou: 8. The year Jiaxu: 9. The year Yihai: 10. The year Bingzi: 11. The year Dingchou: 12. The year Wuyin: 13. The year Jimao: 14. The year Gengchen: 15. The year Xinsi, when Song Huizong acceded. The year Renwu: 2. The year Guiwei: 3. The year Jiashen: 4. The year Yiyou: 5. The year Bingxu: 6. The year Dinghai: 7. The year Wuzi: 8. The year Jichou: 9. The year Gengyin: 10. The year Xinmao: 11. The year Renchen: 12. The year Guisi: 13.
Jing chen zhi mao: 2,272. The year Jiawu: 14. The year Yiwei: 15. The year Bingshen: 16. The year Dingyou: 17. The year Wuxu: 18. The year Jihai: 19. The year Gengzi: 20. The year Xinchou: 21. The year Renyin: 22. The year Guimao: 23. The year Jiachen: 24. The year Yisi: 25. The year Bingwu, when Song Qinzong acceded. The year Dingwei, when Song Gaozong acceded. The year Wushen: 2. The year Jiyou: 3. The year Gengxu: 4. The year Xinhai: 5. The year Renzi: 6.
The sexagenary names (Jiazi, Yichou, and so on) are the cycle-based year designations. The numbers that follow them, such as "2, 3, 14," count years under the preceding ruler or reign title. The original lists some pairs of numbers without saying which kind of year count each refers to, and I have kept them as they appear.
This passage is a historical chronology from the Huangji Jingshi (Supreme Ultimate Book of Cosmic Government, by Shao Yong). It arranges Song-dynasty reign years by the sexagenary cycle (ganzhi), and uses the term jingchen to mark larger chronological divisions. The entries such as jiazi and yichou give the order of the sixty-year cycle, and the numbers that follow give the year within a given reign era. The names Song Xiaozong, Song Guangzong, and Song Ningzong identify the emperors who reigned during the corresponding periods.
The passage opens by listing guichou as the seventh year, followed by jiayin as the eighth, yimao as the ninth, and so on through guihai as the seventeenth. It then records the marker "the chen of the jingchen, 2,273."
Next, jiazi is the eighteenth year and yichou the nineteenth, continuing in sequence. At guiwei, Song Xiaozong is noted. The following year, jiashen, is the second year, yiyou the third, and the record continues through guisi as the eleventh. It then marks "the si of the jingchen, 2,274."
The text continues with jiawu as the twelfth year and proceeds through jiyou as the twenty-seventh. At gengxu, Song Guangzong is noted. Then xinhai is the second year, renzi the third, guichou the fourth, and jiayin the fifth. At yimao, Song Ningzong is noted, and from bingchen as the second year the entries run in order through guihai as the ninth. The passage then marks "the wu of the jingchen, 2,275."
The final section begins with jiazi as the tenth year and runs through jisi as the fifteenth. These entries are a correlation of sexagenary years with regnal years, and this section contains no description of cultivation or ritual practice.
This passage arranges the years of the reigns of Emperor Lizong and Emperor Duzong of the Song, the young last ruler of the Song, and the early Yuan dynasty by their sexagenary cycle (ganzhi) years, and it notes several reign titles. The opening entries, from "Gengwu, sixteen" to "Guisi, six," continue the ganzhi years and ordinal numbers from the preceding text.
In the year Yiyou, Emperor Lizong of the Song ascended the throne and changed the era name to Baoqing. The years Bingxu, Dingyi, and so on follow in order. In the year Wuzi the era was changed (the original reads "Shaoyuan Dingnian"), and the subsequent years continue in sequence. By the year Guisi, the text notes that it is the sixth year.
"Jingchen zhi wei, two thousand two hundred and seventy-six" is a numerical marker drawn from the Huangji Jingshi (Supreme Principles Governing the World). After it come the years Jiawu through Guihai, with the reign titles Duanping, Jiaxi (the original reads "Jia nian"), Chunyou, Baoyou, Kaiqing, and Jingding, each noted with its first year.
After "Jingchen zhi shen, two thousand two hundred and seventy-seven," the list resumes with Jiazi, Yichou, and so on. The year Yichou is marked as the reign of Emperor Duzong, and the year Yihai as that of the young ruler. The year Bingzi is recorded as the thirteenth year of the Yuan dynasty's Zhiyuan era, with a note that the Song had fallen. The early Yuan ganzhi years continue until "Jingchen zhi you, two thousand two hundred and seventy-eight," followed by Jiawu and Yiwei.
Some era-name expressions in the original appear garbled or abbreviated, such as "Shaoyuan Dingnian" and "Jia nian / Yuanxi." They are kept as they appear in the source, without emendation.
The years here are listed in the order of the Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches (ganzhi), a sixty-year cycle that repeats. "Jingchen zhi xu, erqian erbai qishijiu" (the Xu stage of the Jingchen, number two thousand two hundred and seventy-nine) indicates that within this segment of the chronology, the stage called Xu has reached the count of two thousand two hundred and seventy-nine.
The list then continues with Jiazi, Yichou, Bingyin, and so on, up to "Jingchen zhi hai, erqian erbai bashi" (the Hai stage of the Jingchen, number two thousand two hundred and eighty), which marks the Hai stage as reaching two thousand two hundred and eighty. The note beside Bingwu reads "Yuan wang," marking the year the Yuan dynasty fell. The note beside Wushen reads "Da Ming Hongwu yuannian," marking the first year of the Hongwu reign of the Ming dynasty.
"Bi wu zhong yue xu zhi zhong jingxing zhi wu sanbai shiyi" is a periodic marker within this chronological system. It can be understood as the stage "bi wu zhong yue" advancing to the middle of Xu, counted as "jingxing zhi wu," three hundred and fifteen. Following this, the text lists in turn the numbers for "jingchen zhi zi" through "jingchen zhi wu," assigned as two thousand two hundred and sixty-nine through two thousand two hundred and seventy-five.
This passage is mainly the ganzhi chronological table and stage numbering from the Huangji Jingshi (Supreme Principles for Governing the World), which the work uses to deduce and arrange historical chronology. It gives no specific content on cultivation or ritual practice.
This is the numerical table from the Huangji Jingshi (Supreme Principles Governing the World), which arranges sexagenary ordinal numbers by levels such as Jingchen, Jingxing, Jingri, and Jingyue. In this book, these are units of temporal calculation, while the Heavenly Stems, Jia, Yi, Bing, and so on, are numbered in their cyclical order.
The entries running from "Jingchen zhi wei er qian er bai qi shi liu" to "Jingchen zhi hai er qian er bai ba shi" show the Jingchen advancing in turn through Wei, Shen, You, Xu, and Hai, with ordinal numbers from 2,276 to 2,280.
The ordinal numbers for Jingxing follow. Beginning with Jia 191, they cycle through the Heavenly Stems to Gui 200, then continue from Jia 201 through Geng 227. Two entries, both "Jingxing zhi Jia," appear twice in this section, as they do in the original.
Next, "Jingri Jia yi" gives the Jia ordinal of the Jingri as one, and "Jingyue zhi Wei ba" gives the Wei ordinal of the Jingyue as eight.
The Jingxing sequence then resumes, starting at Jia 211 and rising through the Heavenly Stems to Xin 228. The entry for Jia 211 also recurs here, as it does in the original.
In the fixed-star numerical reckoning (hengxing jishu), the Ren position is number 229. In the fixed-star numerical reckoning, the Gui position is number 230. In the fixed-star numerical reckoning, the Jia position is number 231. In the fixed-star numerical reckoning, the Yi position is number 232. In the fixed-star numerical reckoning, the Bing position is number 233. In the fixed-star numerical reckoning, the Ding position is number 234. In the fixed-star numerical reckoning, the Wu position is number 235. In the fixed-star numerical reckoning, the Ji position is number 236. In the fixed-star numerical reckoning, the Geng position is number 237. In the fixed-star numerical reckoning, the Xin position is number 238. In the fixed-star numerical reckoning, the Ren position is number 239. In the fixed-star numerical reckoning, the Gui position is number 240.
In the sun's numerical reckoning, the Jia position is number 1; in the moon's numerical reckoning, the Shen position is number 9.
In the fixed-star numerical reckoning, the Jia position is number 241. In the fixed-star numerical reckoning, the Jia position is number 241. In the fixed-star numerical reckoning, the Yi position is number 242. In the fixed-star numerical reckoning, the Bing position is number 243. In the fixed-star numerical reckoning, the Ding position is number 244. In the fixed-star numerical reckoning, the Wu position is number 245. In the fixed-star numerical reckoning, the Ji position is number 246. In the fixed-star numerical reckoning, the Geng position is number 247. In the fixed-star numerical reckoning, the Xin position is number 248. In the fixed-star numerical reckoning, the Ren position is number 249. In the fixed-star numerical reckoning, the Gui position is number 250. In the fixed-star numerical reckoning, the Jia position is number 251. In the fixed-star numerical reckoning, the Yi position is number 252. In the fixed-star numerical reckoning, the Bing position is number 253. In the fixed-star numerical reckoning, the Ding position is number 254. In the fixed-star numerical reckoning, the Wu position is number 255. In the fixed-star numerical reckoning, the Ji position is number 256. In the fixed-star numerical reckoning, the Geng position is number 257. In the fixed-star numerical reckoning, the Xin position is number 258. In the fixed-star numerical reckoning, the Ren position is number 259. In the fixed-star numerical reckoning, the Gui position is number 260.
In the fixed-star numerical reckoning, the Jia position is number 261. In the fixed-star numerical reckoning, the Yi position is number 262. In the fixed-star numerical reckoning, the Bing position is number 263. In the fixed-star numerical reckoning, the Ding position is number 264. In the fixed-star numerical reckoning, the Wu position is number 265. In the fixed-star numerical reckoning, the Ji position is number 266. In the fixed-star numerical reckoning, the Geng position is number 267. In the fixed-star numerical reckoning, the Xin position is number 268. In the fixed-star numerical reckoning, the Ren position is number 269. In the fixed-star numerical reckoning, the Gui position is number 270.
In the sun's numerical reckoning, the Jia position is number 1; in the moon's numerical reckoning, the You position is number 10.
Here, "jing xing" (the warp stars) refers to the fixed stars. "Jing ri" (the warp sun) and "jing yue" (the warp moon) are the numerical registers that arrange the sun and moon by the Heavenly Stems (tiangan) and Earthly Branches (dizhi). The Heavenly Stems are Jia, Yi, Bing, Ding, Wu, Ji, Geng, Xin, Ren, and Gui, and the Earthly Branches named here are Shen and You.
This passage is a catalogue-style record of calendrical entries from the Huangji Jingshi (The Supreme Polarity's Canon for Ordering the World). It lists the items of the "Jing stars" (jīngxīng), a term from the star-enumeration system, with their numbers in sequence. The list runs continuously from "Jing star, jia 271" through "Jing star, gui 300." It then shifts to "Jing sun, jia 1" and "Jing moon, xu 11," before resuming with "Jing star, jia 301" through "Jing star, ding 314."
The jia, yi, bing, ding, wu, ji, geng, xin, ren, and gui are the Heavenly Stems (tiangan), which serve here to mark sequence. Xu is one of the Earthly Branches (dizhi). The source repeats the entry "Jing star, jia 301" once.
Chapter 315 of the Stellar Classic (Jing), Wu Section
Huangji Jingshi (Supreme Ultimate Principles for Governing the World), Book Four, Lower Volume
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