《正一法文十籙召儀》
About this page. The original text of 《正一法文十籙召儀》 (Zhengyi 正一部, 1 volume) is shown in Classical Chinese as transmitted in the Kanripo (Kyoto University) edition. An English interpretation of the 17 passages on this page accompanies it: select a passage or press “Interpretation” to show it. All texts in English
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Vol. 1
This scripture documents the ten types of Fulu (talismanic registers) summoning rituals of the Zhengyi (Orthodox Unity) tradition (Celestial Master lineage) in Daoism, along with the corresponding divine lords to be invoked based on one's birth time. The main content is divided into three parts:
1. Ten Primary Fulu Summonings:
From the "Primordial Destiny Red Register Summoning" to the "Fourteen Male-Female Upper Immortals and Ninety Battalion Generals Register Summoning," fourteen different functional talismans are listed, including rituals to summon Xianguan (celestial officials), Lingguan (guardian generals), and Shengzhen (perfected immortals). Names like "Red Register," "Azure Armor Register," and "Martial Armor Register" indicate registers of varying ranks and purposes.
2. Twelve Time Periods and Corresponding Divine Lords:
From "Zi-hour born: Mysterious Primordial Beginning Qi Lord Summoning" to "Hai-hour born: Primal Unity Life Qi Lord Summoning," this section explains how each of the twelve earthly branches (Zi, Chou, Yin, etc.) corresponds to one of twelve Qi-governing divine lords—such as the Mysterious Primordial Beginning Qi Lord and Great Beginning Primordial Qi Lord—who preside over prenatal vital energy (Qi).
3. Sixty Jiazi Cycle Correspondences:
Beginning with "Jiazi and Yichou," this section details the specific deities to summon based on one's birth year in the sixty-year Jiazi cycle (stem-branch calendar). These divine lords primarily belong to the Three Pure Heavens (Qingwei Tian, Yuqing Tian, and Taiqing Tian), with titles like Supreme Clarity Solar Lord and Supreme Mystery Subtle Yang Lord. Terms like "Solar," "Subtle Yang," and "Great Yin" in these divine titles reflect Daoism's cultivation philosophy of Yin-Yang balance.
Note: The term "Lu" (register) refers to esoteric Daoist documents, "Qi" denotes primordial life force, and the "Three Pure Heavens" represent Daoism's highest celestial realms. These rituals are primarily used in Zhaijiao (purification rites) and Keyi (liturgical ceremonies), employing talismans and specific incantations to invoke divine presence.
This scripture describes the Zhengyi (Orthodox Unity) school's ritual for summoning deities based on an individual's birth year and hour to invoke divine protection. Let me explain it section by section:
The first section details the invocation of deities from "Tai Chi Tian" (the Great Crimson Heaven, a Daoist celestial realm) according to the heavenly stem and earthly branch combinations of one's birth year:
- Those born in years like Jichou or Gengyin receive protection from "Tai Shi Wei" (the Subtle Primordial Qi)
- Those born in years like Jiaxu or Yihai also fall under the jurisdiction of "Tai Shi Wei"
- Those born in years like Jimao or Gengchen are guarded by "Tai Shi Ni" (the Reverting Primordial Qi that returns to the source)
The second section categorizes deities by earthly branch hours, summoning directional gods:
- Born during Yin/Mao/Chen hours (early morning to noon): under the care of the Green Emperor (one of the Five Directional Deities) and Goumang (Spring Deity)
- Born during Si/Wu/Wei hours (noon to afternoon): governed by the Red Emperor and Taihao Deity
- Born during Shen/You/Xu hours (afternoon to evening): protected by the White Emperor and Shaohao Deity
- Born during Hai/Zi/Chou hours (evening to early morning): watched over by the Black Emperor and Zhuanxu Deity
- For unknown birth hours: under the guardianship of Zhongtian Siming Wenchang Jun (the Deity of Fate and Literature)
The third section further specifies stellar deities for each two-hour period:
- Zi hour births: protected by "Bei Dachen Chongming Jun" (the North Star Deity)
- Wu hour births: guarded by "Taiyang Yaoguang Jun" (the Solar Deity)
- Each time segment has corresponding stellar guardians
A special note mentions those born during Zi hour also receive protection from "Zuo Tai Xuan Zhong Di Jun" (the Mysterious Northern Celestial Deity).
These contents are primarily used in Daoist zhaijiao (purification rituals), where priests recite corresponding scriptures to summon the specific deities aligned with devotees' birth data. Different deities oversee distinct directions and time periods, forming a comprehensive system of divine guardianship.
This scripture records the contents of Fulu (talismans and registers) used in the Zhengyi (Orthodox Unity) tradition of Daoism (also known as the Celestial Master/Tianshi tradition) for summoning guardian deities. The system primarily consists of three categories of divine summoning protocols:
The first category corresponds to guardian deities associated with the twelve double-hour periods (ancient timekeeping system):
- Those born during the Chou hour (1-3 AM) summon the "Jade Principle Lord of the Left Origin Seven Treasures"
- Those born during the Yin hour (3-5 AM) summon the "Upper Peace Lord of the Left Mysterious Dao Qi"
(Each subsequent hour has its corresponding deity, with prefixes like "Left Origin," "Central Yellow," and "Right Beginning" indicating directional and hierarchical status)
The second category involves a military officer system corresponding to birth months:
- Those born in the first lunar month receive protection from the "Upper Peace General"
- Those born in the second month receive protection from the "Central Peace General"
(The terms "Yi," "Man," "Rong," and "Di" refer to ancient designations for different tribal groups, here representing guardian generals of the four directions)
The third category features a civil official system also arranged by birth month:
- First month births summon the "Great Beginning General"
- Second month births summon the "Upper Origin General"
(Titles like "Great Beginning," "Upper Prime," and "Central Mystery" denote different hierarchical ranks of Daoist immortals)
The text concludes with mention of the "Five Classics Lords" system - deities guarding the Confucian Five Classics (Book of Songs, Book of Documents, Book of Rites, Book of Changes, and Spring and Autumn Annals), similarly assigned by month. When using these talismans, practitioners must combine the "Red Armor Register" with the "Military Armor Register" for proper efficacy.
(Note: This reflects the Daoist belief in "natal destiny guardians," where one's birth hour and month determine protective deities that can be summoned through specific talismanic practices.)
This scripture records the ritual protocols of deity invocation in the Zhengyi (Orthodox Unity) tradition of Daoism (also known as the Celestial Master tradition), corresponding to one's birth month. The content is divided into four main sections:
The first section describes how those born between the sixth and twelfth lunar months are each assigned to different directional deities among the "Five Scripture Lords" (Wujing Jun). For example, June-born individuals are summoned by the "Lower Man Five Scripture Lord," July-born by the "Upper Rong Five Scripture Lord," and so forth. The terms "Man," "Rong," and "Di" in these deity names refer to ancient designations for ethnic groups of the four directions, here representing guardian deities of distinct orientations.
The second part outlines the "Five Scripture Lords" invocation system for those born in each month from the first to the twelfth, categorized into hierarchical levels such as Taishi (Grand Beginning), Shangshi (Upper Beginning), Zhongshi (Middle Beginning), down to Taixuan (Grand Mystery) and Shangxuan (Upper Mystery). A note specifies that these invocations require the use of "red armor" (chijia)—red-colored talismanic registers (fulu).
The third section presents a deity invocation system prefixed with "Nine Elders Without Lower" (Wu Xia Jiulao), arranged by month and the four cardinal directions (east, south, west, north). For instance, those born in the first month correspond to the "Eastern Upper Yi Lord," while April-born individuals align with the "Southern Upper Man Lord." This system is employed when conferring the "Sacred True Divine Registers" (Shengzhen Shenlu), a high-level form of talismanic practice.
Finally, supplementary invocations are provided for special cases: "divine children" (shentong) with distinctive birthmarks on their heads are summoned by the "Qi Cycle Lord" (Liqi Jun); a unified invocation is used when granting the "Yellow Chart Upper Immortal Capital's Scarlet Heaven Central Disaster-Dispelling Inner Register" (Huangtu Shangxian Du Chitian Zhonggang Xiaozai Neilu); and those born in the first half of the ninth month have dedicated invocations through the "Grand Mystery Qingwei Central Radiance Lord" (Taixuan Qingwei Zhongyao Jun) and the "Central Office Left Mechanism Balanced Qi Lord" (Zhongguan Zuojiping Qi Jun).
These contents reflect the Daoist practice of determining guardian deities based on birth timing, coupled with corresponding talismanic rituals for invocation. Each month and direction is governed by specific deities, requiring practitioners to select the appropriate summoning method according to their personal circumstances.
This scripture records a Daoist ritual for summoning deities, organized according to the twelve months of the year, with each month divided into early, middle, and late periods corresponding to different divine beings. These deities bear distinctly Daoist titles containing terms like "Qi" (referring to primordial vital energy) and "guan" (indicating celestial offices), primarily governing the cyclical transformations of Yin-Yang energies between heaven and earth.
Each month is segmented into three phases, each associated with a specific deity:
- Late September summons the "Yang Qi Central Spirit Lord of Five Transformations"
- Early October invokes the "Jade Pivot Dao-Qi Sovereign of Upper Mysteries"
- Mid-October calls upon the "Jade Perfection Lord of the Central Office"
- (and so forth, with one deity for each phase of every month)
These deities' functions predominantly involve regulating Yin-Yang energies and overseeing seasonal transitions, such as:
- The "Lord of Spirit-Connecting Dao-Qi" mediates between divine beings and primordial energy
- The "Seasonal Qi Lord" governs the progression of solar terms
- The "Qi-Regulating Lord" controls the movement of vital forces
- The "Jade Pivot Lord" symbolizes the pivotal mechanism of cosmic rotation
This summoning ritual was likely performed by ancient Daoist practitioners during specific seasonal nodes to harmonize Yin-Yang and facilitate heaven-human communion. Each deity's appellation reflects their unique cosmic function, embodying the Daoist worldview of "cosmic resonance" (tianren ganying) between celestial patterns and earthly existence.
This scripture outlines the Zhengyi (Orthodox Unity) Daoist tradition's system for summoning corresponding deities to authenticate the conferral of various "Lu ranks" (Daoist priestly ordination titles) based on the practitioner's birth timing. The main principles can be understood as follows:
The lunar month of birth determines which category of deities to summon:
- Those born in the first ten-day period summon "Upper Movement" deities
- Mid-month births summon "Middle Movement" deities
- Late-month births summon "Lower Movement" deities
- For those with unknown birth months, all summonings occur uniformly in the ninth month
Specific birth hours correspond to distinct deities:
- Yin hour (3-5 AM) births summon "Tai Xuan" (Great Mystery)
- Wu hour (11 AM-1 PM) births summon "Tai Yuan" (Great Origin)
- Xu hour (7-9 PM) births summon "Tai Shi" (Great Beginning)
- Other hours (Mao/5-7 AM, Wei/1-3 PM, Hai/9-11 PM etc.) each have corresponding deities
For practitioners seeking multiple ordinations:
They must summon the "Nine Qi Nine Elders" (important Daoist deities) along with directional deities:
- Eastern direction corresponds to "Dong Yi" (Eastern Tribes) deities
- Western direction corresponds to "Xi Rong" (Western Tribes) deities
- Southern direction corresponds to "Nan Man" (Southern Tribes) deities
Each cardinal direction features deities of major, superior, middle and lower ranks
Special circumstances:
- When receiving the "Great Crowned Divine Youth Li Qi Sovereign" ordination, one must reference summoning methods for all 150 Lu ranks
- The "Yellow Chart Crimson Lu" (an advanced ordination) requires specific summoning protocols
- Births from first to fourth months respectively summon different deities from the Dong Yi and Nan Man lineages
This scripture reflects the meticulous Lu conferral system of Zhengyi Daoism, where temporal-spatial birth coordinates determine corresponding deities to establish covenant relationships between humans and the divine. The system demonstrates how Daoist ordination creates sacred connections through precise cosmic correspondences.
This scripture is used in the ordination rituals (conferring priestly ranks) of the Zhengyi (Orthodox Unity) Daoist tradition, consisting primarily of two sections:
The first part details the invocation of guardian deities corresponding to one's birth month:
- Those born in the fifth month summon the "Southern Central Barbarian Lord," the sixth month the "Southern Lower Barbarian Lord," and the seventh month the "Western Upper Rong Lord" (Rong referring to western ethnic groups), with each month assigned a directional deity.
- The first month invokes the "Right Azure Thearch" (Eastern Azure Emperor), the second month the "Left Azure Thearch," the third month the "Central Yellow Great Primordial Lord" (Central Yellow Emperor), and the fourth month the "Right Crimson Thearch" (Southern Crimson Emperor), following the system of the Five Directional Thearchs.
The second part contains the formal covenant text for ordination (using crimson talismans as an example):
It records the ordinand's hometown, name, age, and the process of apprenticeship. Both master and disciple swear solemn oaths:
- The master must transmit genuine teachings without deception
- The disciple must uphold the covenant and never betray the lineage
- Violators face divine retribution: masters punished by the Three Officials (Heaven, Earth, and Water - Daoist supervisory deities), disciples suffering the "Wind-Blade Tribulation" (severe celestial punishment), with consequences extending to seven generations of ancestors
- The ritual concludes with "dividing gold and breaking the contract" (splitting tokens and destroying duplicate covenants), witnessed by the sun, moon, and stars
This text reflects the solemnity of Daoist ordination, emphasizing the sacred contractual nature of master-disciple relationships, with supernatural oversight ensuring the purity of Daoist transmission.
This scripture records the covenant rituals and divine hierarchy involved in transmitting Fulu (talismanic registers) within the Zhengyi (Orthodox Unity) tradition of Daoism. The content divides into three main sections:
First are the covenant regulations for transmission: Masters must neither conceal authentic teachings nor deceive disciples with false instructions, while disciples must not break their vows or betray their masters. During transmission, details including the master's name and age, the disciple's birthplace and birthdate must be recorded, with seven generations of ancestors serving as witnesses to the sacred pact.
Next comes the detailed covenant ritual procedure: Practitioners must sequentially report to deities including the Tai Sui (Grand Year) God, the presiding month and day deities, the hour spirit, the natal star ruler, annual fortune deities, the Five Directional Sacred Ones (Wufang Shengzhen), Five Directional Generals (Wufang Jiangjun), Five Directional Three Qi (Wufang Sanqi), Twelve Parental Deities, Twenty-Four Guardian Spirits, and Twenty-Four Sages at the altar.
Finally, it documents sixty Jia spirits in detail, including:
1. The Five Directional Sacred Ones' physical characteristics (e.g., nine eastern sages wear blue robes and stand nine inches tall), their directional residences (e.g., governing the liver), jurisdictional domains (e.g., belonging to the Crimson Tower Palace), and genealogical origins.
2. The Five Directional Generals' names and administrative seats (e.g., the eastern general Tang Chen governs the liver and belongs to the Yellow Tower Palace).
These elements reflect core Daoist concepts correlating bodily organs with deities and directions, as well as the religious tradition of establishing sacred covenants through ritual. The mentioned Qi (vital energy) and statements like "governing the liver/heart" exemplify Daoist Neiguan (inner observation) meditation practices visualizing deities residing in specific body regions.
This scripture describes the Daoist deities governing the five internal organs and their respective domains. Here's the modern interpretation:
The Southern General is named Zhu Dan, presiding over the heart, with jurisdiction over Wucheng Palace's Dingsheng District in Wuxiang Tianli Village.
The Central General is named Huang Zhong, governing the spleen, residing in Dantian Palace's Leyang District in Xuanhuang Zhengao Village.
The Western General is named Zou Shang, overseeing the lungs, dwelling in Zitai Palace's Taiqing District in Yuanyuan Shencheng Village.
The Northern General is named Shi Xuan, controlling the kidneys, stationed in Youque Palace's Tiandu District in Jintang Jiaoshan Village.
Next are the Three Qi Lords (Qi referring to primordial energy) governing the five directions:
Eastern Three Qi Lord: Yan Li, styled Shunqian, stationed in Ping Palace's Haosheng District, Siming Yin Village.
Southern Three Qi Lord: Guo Feng, styled Jingxiang, based in Dang Palace's Haoyang District, Xuansheng Zhong Village.
Central Three Qi Lord: Yang Ci, styled Xuandu, residing in Ziji Palace's Sizhen District, Jiuqi Taiyi Village.
Western Three Qi Lord: Zhao Zhong, styled Zizhao, dwelling in Zhengyang Palace's Baitong District, Zuoyu Sanhun Village.
Northern Three Qi Lord: Ge Xian, styled Zhaoming, located in Huncheng Palace's Zhuning District, Xuanjin Kunlun Village.
The text then describes various Divine Luminous Lords (deities visualized during Daoist cultivation):
Jiashen Divine Luminous Lord: Ying Shi, styled Xuanming, leading 16 attendants, stationed in Zigong Changle Penglai Village.
Jiashen Divine Luminous Lord: Ying Heng, styled Yuanlong, with 16 attendants, based in Huagai Palace's Taiqing Dongming Village.
Jiazi Divine Luminous Lord: Ying Jing, styled Changming, commanding 18 attendants, dwelling in Shenjiang Zhongyuan Village.
Jiawu Divine Luminous Lord: Ying Song, styled Shiqiu, leading 18 attendants, residing in Shenjiang Palace's Taichu Baoyuan Village.
Yihai Divine Luminous Lord: Ji Yi, styled Xuancheng, with 12 attendants, stationed in Shen Palace's Qingshui Hanming Village.
Yisi Divine Luminous Lord: (name missing), leading 12 attendants, located in.
These deities manifest in diverse forms - some seven inches tall, others nine inches, with colors ranging from azure, white, black to crimson, corresponding to the Five Phases and five directions. These descriptions primarily serve for Daoist Neidan (internal alchemy) visualization practices during cultivation.
This scripture records detailed information about Daoist deities such as the "Twelve True Parents" and the "Six Jia-Six Yi" spirits. Each deity possesses specific titles, visual characteristics, and jurisdictional domains:
1. The deity corresponding to Yi-Mao day is named Dai Gongyang, the True Father, with the surname Ji and given name Quanyu, styled Xuxuan. He stands six inches tall with a greenish-blue form, accompanied by fourteen attendant officials. His jurisdiction covers the Scarlet Palace (heart region) located in Qingling Township, Danqiu Village.
2. The Yi-You day deity is Kong Ligong, the True Mother, surnamed Ji with the given name Hengyu, styled Yuan. Appearing white in form and six inches tall, she also commands fourteen attendants. She governs the Canopy Palace (crown of the head) in Qingyang Township, Huangting Village.
3. The Jia-Chen day deity Meng Feiqing, the Celestial Father, bears the surname Ying with given name Gongyu, styled Chuyuan. Manifesting as a yellow figure five inches tall with fourteen attendants, he oversees the Spleen Palace in Yunjiang Township, Yanhao Village.
4. The Jia-Xu day deity Zhan Zijiang, the Celestial Mother, carries the surname Ying with given name Tong, styled Xuansheng. This five-inch-tall yellow figure with fourteen attendants administers the Hall of Light Palace (facial region) in Beiji Township, Xuanwu Village.
5. The Yi-Chou day deity Long Jiqing, the Sacred Father, bears the surname Ji with given name Yingyu, styled Changjing. Appearing as an eight-inch-tall yellow figure with sixteen attendants, he governs the Hall of Light Palace in Ziwei Township, Sanxiang Village.
6. The Yi-Wei day deity Du Zhongyang, the Sacred Mother, carries the surname Ji with given name Gongyu, styled Shitai. This eight-inch-tall yellow figure with sixteen attendants presides over the Hall of Light Palace in Yuanhun Township, Hundun Village.
The text further records information about other deities including the Brain Spirit, Left Supreme Dao Father, and Right Great Dao Elder:
- The Brain Spirit, surnamed Cang with given name Xiangyu, styled Changlong, appears white and stands 1.1 inches tall, governing the Muddy Pellet Palace (crown of the head) in Tianyuan Township, Zisheng Village.
- The Left Supreme Dao Father, surnamed Song with given name Zhongyu, styled Shilin, manifests as a white figure 2.2 inches tall, administering the Supreme Clarity Left Peak Palace in Sansheng Township, Zisheng Village.
- The Right Great Dao Elder bears the surname Sun, appearing yellow and 1.5 inches tall.
These deities are each attended by retinues of officials (called "congguan"), with every attendant commanding thousands of chariots and riders. They respectively govern various palaces and villages corresponding to different bodily regions, most of these names being related to terminology from Daoist Neidan (internal alchemy) practice.
This scripture describes several important deities worshipped in the Zhengyi (Orthodox Unity) tradition of Daoism, along with their attendant officials. Each deity possesses distinct forms, responsibilities, and celestial abodes:
1. The Divine Lord of Mysterious Dragons (Xuanlong Shenming Jun), who governs jade palaces, resides in the Right Mountain Palace of Great Clarity (Taiqing) at Wanquan Precinct. He commands sixteen attendant officials, each leading thousands of chariots and cavalry. This deity stands three inches and one-tenth tall, clad in five-colored robes, with each eye guarded by a separate divine being.
2. Lord Wei Wengong (the Two-Eyed Deity) dwells in the Lower Palace of the Cavern Chamber at Mingjing Precinct. Measuring five inches and three-tenths in height, his body shines pure white like silk, accompanied by ten officials.
3. Lord Zhang Wentong (the Marrow and Beard Deity) inhabits the Lower Palace of Mysterious Origin at Yuanming Precinct. Standing six inches and five-tenths tall with jade-like white complexion, he too is served by ten officials.
4. Lord Cui Juqing (a body-part deity) resides in the Upper Palace of Great Clarity at Yuanqi Precinct. Two inches and five-tenths tall with blue, white, and yellow hues, he governs twelve officials.
5. Lord Sima Qing (the Nose-and-Mouth Deity) lives in the Palace of Cavern Chambers at Shendao Precinct. Seven inches tall with crimson coloring, he commands twelve officials.
6. Lord Zang Wengong (the Tongue-Centered Deity) occupies the Throat Palace of Great Clarity at Xiazhi Precinct. Eight inches tall in pure white form, he oversees twelve officials.
7. Lord Huo Shuying (the Throat-Centered Deity) dwells in the Lower Palace of Kunlun at Changbao Precinct.
These deities govern specific bodily regions (eyes, nose, tongue, throat, etc.), each bearing unique titles, physical characteristics, and palatial residences. The phrase "thousands of chariots and cavalry" illustrates the vast retinues they command, residing within the tiered palaces of the Daoist celestial realm. These descriptions reflect the Daoist understanding of cosmic correspondences within the human body and its intricate pantheon system.
This scripture records the ritual procedures of the Zhengyi school (a major lineage of Orthodox Unity Daoism) for summoning the body deities within oneself, describing the gods corresponding to vital organs and their characteristics:
1. Heart Spirit (Shen of the heart)
Named "Lord of Divine Radiance," with the surname Hao and given name Lu, styled Xuansheng. His body measures 8.1 inches tall, pure white in color. He resides in the "Scarlet Palace's Heavenly Guest Township, Registry Ward," accompanied by fourteen attendants, each with a procession of "a thousand chariots and ten thousand riders."
2. Liver Spirit (Shen of the liver)
Named "Lord of Divine Radiance," with the surname Lu and given name Sheng, styled Chuzheng. His body measures six inches tall, wearing blue robes and a blue headscarf. He dwells in the "Mysterious Wonder Palace's Life-Gathering Township, Longevity Ward," also with fourteen attendants.
3. Gallbladder Spirit (Shen of the gallbladder)
Named "Lord of Divine Radiance," with the surname Xin and given name Keng, styled Xuansheng. His body measures 3.6 inches tall, with colors blending green, yellow, and blue. He inhabits the "Longevity Mysterious Palace's Great Flame Township, Lodging Ward," attended by twelve followers.
4. Kidney Spirits (left and right, two deities)
- The left kidney spirit has the surname Yan and given name Zhong, styled Chugong. Clad in pure black robes and headgear, his body measures 2.7 inches tall, residing in the "Jade Hall Palace's Five Stars Township, Turning Constellations Ward."
- The right kidney spirit has the surname Yuan and given name Shou, styled Yuanyang. His appearance mixes white and black, standing 3.5 inches tall, dwelling in the "Azure Dragon Palace's Great Yin Township, Three Youths Ward."
Each has twelve to fourteen attendants.
5. Spleen Spirit (Shen of the spleen)
With the surname Mu and given name Long, styled Xulian. His golden-hued body measures 7.2 inches tall, shining like refined gold. He lives in the "Supreme Granary Upper Palace's Cinnabar Township, Pure Essence Ward," accompanied by fourteen followers.
(Note: The phrase "a thousand chariots and ten thousand riders" describes the magnificent procession of these deities; "townships" and "wards" indicate their dwelling locations within the body's inner landscape, analogous to the concept of "internal palaces" in Daoist visionary anatomy.)
This scripture records detailed information about several important visceral deities in the Daoist internal cultivation system, primarily describing their names, physical characteristics, and domains of governance. In modern terms:
The stomach deity is named "Wei Daolai" (Stomach Way-Comer), styled "Dao Zhan" (Way Display). He stands seven inches tall with an entirely yellow body. This divine being's surname is Shi and given name Gui, styled Shi□, accompanied by thirteen attendant officials, each commanding thousands of troops. His administrative seat is located in the Pure Brightness Ward of Flaming Fire Township within the Dantian Palace (a crucial focal point in Daoist practice).
The intestinal deity is named "Jiao Daokang" (Burned Way-Health), styled "Dao Huan" (Way Return), measuring 2.4 inches tall with a yellow-red complexion. His divine surname is Jian with given name Tai, styled Changlun, also served by thirteen attendants. His jurisdiction resides in the Tuanxiang Ward of Central Leaf Township within the Mysterious Valley Palace.
The large and small intestine deities are collectively named "Jin Song" (Advance-Deliver), styled "Dao Chu" (Way Kitchen), standing 2.1 inches tall with red coloration. Their divine surname is Er with given name Zhuo, styled Xuansheng, accompanied by fifteen attendants. Their administrative center lies in the Merry Play Ward of Mei Ling Township within the Luminous Chamber Palace.
The middle deity (likely referring to the middle burner) is named "Hou Dao" (Thick Way), styled "Dao Ling" (Way Numen), measuring 9.1 inches tall with white coloration intermingled with other hues. His divine surname is Huo with given name Ling, styled Churen, served by fifteen attendants. His seat of governance is in the Coming-and-Going Ward of Long Journey Township within the Cavern Chamber Palace.
The diaphragm deity is named "Ge Daoying" (Diaphragm Way-Hero), styled "Dao Chong" (Way Surge), five inches tall with white complexion. His divine surname is Heng with given name Tan, styled Changyun, attended by ten officials. His domain is located in the Sweet Harmony Ward of Union Township within the Crimson Peng Palace.
The bilateral hypochondrium deities are named "Pi Daoma" (Warding Way-Horse), styled "Dao Cheng" (Way Completion), standing 4.1 inches tall with interwoven red patterns. Their divine surname is Zhenji, styled Shingnang, served by ten attendants. Their administrative center resides in the Longevity Extension Ward of Eternal Life Township within the Canopy Peng Palace.
The left testicular deity (possibly referring to the gonad) is named "Luan Daoqi" (Testicle Way-Rising), styled "Dao Sheng" (Way Birth), measuring 2.3 inches tall with yellow-white coloration. His divine surname is Yang with given name Yu, styled Yuantan, accompanied by seventeen attendants. His jurisdiction lies in the Life-Passing Ward of Ascending Immortality Township within the Mysterious Spring Palace.
These descriptions reflect the Daoist tradition's meticulous understanding of the internal pantheon, where each organ has corresponding deities with specific appearances, colors, and administrative seats. Such conceptions are intimately connected with the practices of Neidan (internal alchemy) and the Daoist view of the human body as a microcosm.
This scripture records in detail the characteristics and domains of multiple Daoist deities. Here's a modern interpretation:
The text describes eight distinct deities, each with specific attributes:
1. Divine forms: Their heights range from 1.1 inches to 7.3 inches, wearing robes in various color schemes including blue-yellow-white combinations, pure white, pure yellow, and five-colored patterns.
2. Sacred names: Each deity possesses a full name with courtesy names (zi), such as "Lei Fang, styled Yuanjing" or "Liang Zeng, styled Changhao."
3. Retinue: Every deity commands 15-17 subordinate officials (attendant spirits), each leading "a thousand chariots and ten thousand cavalry" (symbolizing vast spiritual entourages).
4. Governing domains: Each deity administers specific celestial palaces and territories, including:
- "Lower Palace of Supreme Purity (Taiqing), Dantian Yellow Village in Celestial Central District"
- "Left Mountain Palace, Deep Bright Village in Celestial Righteousness District"
- "Mud Ball Palace (Niwan Gong, the upper Dantian in the head), Flourishing Bright Village in Celestial Well District"
- "Lower Palace of Formless High Cavern Chamber, Cloud Bright Village in Jade Completion District"
These deities are arranged according to Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches combinations (like Jiwei, Gengyin, Gengshen), forming part of the twenty-four celestial beings system under the six Bing, Ding, Wu and Ji categories. All governed territories contain the character "ming" (bright), such as "Birth Bright Village" or "Completion Bright Village," reflecting Daoism's veneration of luminosity.
(Note: Some illegible characters in the original text are marked with □)
This scripture records detailed information about multiple Daoist deities, which I'll explain in modern terms:
The Scarlet Deity Lord (Chise Shenming Jun) is named Yao Lian, styled Yuanming, with thirteen attendant officials. Each attendant commands a retinue of a thousand chariots and ten thousand cavalry. His administrative seat is located at the Great Purity Throat Palace (Taiqing Kouhou Gong), governing the Bright Star Precinct (Mingxing Li) in the Destiny District (Mingxiang).
The sage deity recorded in the Xinyou year is named Bing Yuan-yu, styled Mingdao. This divine being stands 2.5 inches tall, displaying a blend of azure, white, and yellow hues, named Cen Cui, styled Xuyi. Also accompanied by thirteen attendants, his seat is at the Cavern Chamber Dantian Palace (Dongfang Dantian Gong), governing the Preserved Brightness Precinct (Cunming Li).
The White Deity Lord recorded in the Gengchen year, Zu Huang, styled Xuanming, measures 8.1 inches tall. His administrative center is at the Splendid Metal Palace (Huajin Gong), overseeing the Prolonged Years District's (Yannian Xiang) Water Brightness Precinct (Shuiming Li).
The White Deity Lord recorded in the Gengxu year, Jia Ji, styled Churen, similarly stands 8.1 inches tall. His seat is at the Lower Kunlun Palace (Kunlun Xiagong), governing the Rectified Peace District's (Zhengping Xiang) Harmonious Brightness Precinct (Yiming Li).
The Azure-Robed Deity Lord recorded in the Xinchou year, Chang Dai, styled Shigong, measures six inches tall. With fifteen attendants, his seat is at the Mysterious Wonder Palace's Golden Hall (Xuanmiao Gong Jintang), administering the Upper Brightness Precinct (Shangming Li).
The Divine Sovereign recorded in the Xinwei year, Huang Lang, styled Changxuan, stands nine inches tall, radiating flame-like radiance. His seat is at the Crimson Palace's (Jiang Gong) Azure Benevolence District (Qingren Xiang), governing the Restful Brightness Precinct (Qiming Li).
The Black-Robed Deity Lord recorded in the Renyin year, Xuan Cheng, styled Shiping, measures 3.7 inches tall. His administrative center is at the Jade Hall Palace (Yutang Gong), overseeing the Celestial Yang District's (Tianyang Xiang) Terrace Brightness Precinct (Taiming Li).
The Divine Youth recorded in the Renshen year, Tong Rui, styled Changrong, stands 3.6 inches tall with a body blending azure, yellow, and green hues. His seat is at....
These records reveal several characteristics of the Daoist pantheon system:
1. Each deity possesses complete personal names and honorific styles
2. Heights typically measure a few inches (reflecting Daoist belief in deities' size-shifting abilities)
3. Distinctive colors and sartorial features
4. Numerous attendant officials and ceremonial processions
5. Specific jurisdictional districts called "xiang-li" (administrative precincts)
6. Seats primarily located in sacred "palace" (gong) complexes
These details primarily serve as references for internal Daoist deity recognition and ritual invocations.
This scripture records detailed information about several "Daoist sages" (daoxianzhe) deities venerated in the Zhengyi (Orthodox Unity) tradition of Daoism, also known as the Celestial Master (Tianshi) tradition. Each deity possesses specific titles, visual characteristics, and jurisdictional domains:
1. The deity of Changming Palace's Xuanyin District, Xuanming Village is named □ Gu Meng (pronounced "qie chang"), standing seven cun and three fen tall with golden skin resembling yellow gold. This divine being bears the surname Yuan and given name Da, with the courtesy name Chuyan. He commands fifteen attendant officials, each accompanied by a procession of a thousand chariots and ten thousand cavalry. His administrative seat (zhisuo) is located at the Supreme Granary's Upper Palace in Jingning District, Danming Village.
2. The sage deity of the Renwu Mazi Mingfang Path is named □ Tong Bo (pronounced "qie chang"), measuring three cun and five fen tall with either white or red coloration. This divinity carries the surname Xiang and given name Qiang, with the courtesy name Xuanqiang, also served by fifteen attendants. His jurisdiction resides at the Azure Dragon Palace's Weiyang District, Huangming Village.
3. The sage deity of the Guihai Zuoshi Songjing Path is named Yue Lai Shou (pronounced "qie chang"), standing two cun and four fen tall with yellow-red hues. This spiritual being holds the surname Yue and given name Qing, with the courtesy name Xugong, attended by nine officials. His administrative center operates at the Mystic Valley Palace's Huanben District, Yueming Village.
(The subsequent deity descriptions follow similar patterns, each containing: divine title, height measurements, color characteristics, surname and given name with courtesy name, number of attendants and procession scale, and jurisdictional location.)
These records reflect several distinctive features of the Daoist pantheon system:
- Each deity possesses precise physical dimensions and chromatic attributes
- Divine beings maintain complete personal names with courtesy names
- Fixed numbers of attendant officials accompany them
- Each governs specific celestial regions called "administrative seats" (zhisuo)
- Names frequently incorporate the character "ming" (brightness), demonstrating Daoism's veneration of luminosity
These contents primarily serve Daoist purification rituals (zhaijiao), where priests accurately invoke deities by reciting their names, characteristics, and jurisdictional domains to summon their divine presence.
This scripture records the ritual protocols of the Zhengyi (Orthodox Unity) tradition for summoning deities, detailing four divine beings and their retinues:
The first is the "Pure White Spirit-Lord of the Inch Hue," surnamed You with the given name Dayu and courtesy name Xufen. He commands eleven attendant officials (conguan), each accompanied by a grand procession of "a thousand chariots and ten thousand riders." His celestial abode is the Crimson Peng Palace, located in the Flowing Radiance Ward of the Lingqi (Numinous Qi) Township.
The second is the "River-Han Sage of Guichou Observing the Dao," bearing the divine name Chanchu (pronounced "jian qie"). Standing three and a third inches tall, he emanates tri-colored radiance of azure, yellow, and white. This Spirit-Lord bears the surname Dao with given name Huang and courtesy name Chujin, presiding over thirteen attendant officials with equivalent processions. His administration resides in the Lower Palace of Mystic Valley, situated in the □ Radiance Ward (missing character in original) of the Lingsheng (Numinous Life) Township.
The third is the "Lü Weiming Ultimate Sage of Guiwei," carrying the divine name □yi (pronounced "da qie"). Measuring two and a third inches with the same tri-colored glow, this Spirit-Lord bears the surname Long with given name Zong and courtesy name Xuandu, also governing thirteen attendants. His seat of power is the Mystic Spring Palace in the Civil Radiance Ward of Yangdao Township.
The text concludes by noting these twenty-four sages (the aforementioned deities and their retinues) are governed by the six Geng, six Xin, six Ren, and six Gui (celestial stems from the Daoist sexagenary cycle).
As part of the "Ten Registers Summoning Ritual," this passage preserves essential details—divine names, manifestations, retinues, and abodes—required for ritual practice. In classical Daoist liturgy, precise knowledge of these elements was considered both an act of reverence toward the deities and a prerequisite for successful invocation.
Source text: Kanripo 漢籍リポジトリ(KR5g0019); Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0 · Report an error / feedback