《上清金真玉皇上元九天真靈三百六十五部元錄》
About this page. The original text of 《上清金真玉皇上元九天真靈三百六十五部元錄》 (Zhengyi 正一部, 1 volume) is shown in Classical Chinese as transmitted in the Kanripo (Kyoto University) edition. An English interpretation of the 16 passages on this page accompanies it: select a passage or press “Interpretation” to show it. All texts in English
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Vol. 1
This scripture records the transmission history and sacred origins of the Register of the Three Hundred Sixty-Five Original Officers of the Upper Prime Nine Heavens' Numinous Beings, an important text of the Shangqing (Highest Clarity) Daoist tradition.
The main content describes how the Daoist immortal Jin Ming recounted how seven perfected beings (qizhenren) received this Register of Upper Prime Numinous Beings from the Supreme Jade Dawn Lord (Taishang Yuchen Jun) at high noon on the fifth day of the fifth month in the Guihai year. For nine years, this precious register was used to harmonize Shen (spirit) and Qi (vital energy) without fail. Then, at noon on the first day of the fifth month in the Xinyou year of the Taiqing era (5th year), the Exalted Jade Emperor (Gaoshang Tianbao Yuhuang), one of Daoism's supreme deities, descended to the Qiong Palace at Dailing Ridge to personally review this profound scripture—which records the titles and offices of the numinous beings of the Upper Prime Nine Heavens—with the seven perfected ones.
The Jade Emperor explicitly told the seven perfected ones: These 365 Numinous Generals and celestial officers of the Upper Prime Nine Heavens were not attained through later cultivation. They are transformations of the soaring, congealing pure Qi of the Upper Prime, spontaneously manifesting as true numinous beings. Clad in five-colored feathered robes, their forms are towering and awe-inspiring. The officers they command wear blue-green immortal garments and permanently reside in the celestial realms of the Nine Heavens, assisting the Thirty-Six True Sovereigns in governing the cosmos.
The scripture particularly emphasizes that the number of these numinous beings corresponds to cosmic patterns—365 mirroring the days of the year, symbolizing the movements of the Four Symbols (Azure Dragon, White Tiger, etc.) and the Celestial Pivot (the Big Dipper). They also correspond to the 365 joints and organs of the human body. Above, they circulate the righteous Qi of heaven and earth; in the middle realm, they protect imperial foundations; and below, they relieve the suffering of sentient beings. They can avert natural and human-made calamities, deliver people from misfortunes, guard Daoist practitioners, and ward off demonic obstructions—making them vital protector deities for both spiritual cultivation and worldly salvation in Daoism.
This scripture describes the power and functions of the Shangqing Jinzhen Yuhuang Shangyuan Jiutian Zhenling Sanbai Liushi Wu Bu Yuanlu (The Supreme Clarity Golden Truth Jade Sovereign's Upper Origin Nine Heavens True Numinous Three Hundred Sixty-Five Divisions Original Register), a Daoist classic. The main content can be understood as follows:
This scripture harnesses celestial authority and divine power to subdue various spirits, demons, and malevolent entities, eliminate disasters of fire and water, and purify defiled Qi. Like a golden breeze, it sweeps away worldly disturbances, protects practitioners' bodies with mysterious Qi, employs heavenly healing forces to cure all illnesses, and stabilizes human joints with true Jing (essence). Its efficacy is all-encompassing, operating with the universal precision of cosmic laws.
The text reveals that this method will descend to the mortal realm during the kalpa's end to deliver beings, flourishing in the prophesied "Era of the Numinous Dragon" (a coming golden age). Its rise coincides with rulers governing through De (Virtue). Then, universal peace will prevail, heaven and humanity will harmonize, and lifespans will remain undiminished—this constitutes supreme blessing.
The scripture details the divine hierarchy governing this text: led by the Supreme Primordial Heavenly Worthy (one of the highest deities), flanked by the Jade Heaven Perfected Beings formed from 99,999 layers of clear Qi on his left, and the Golden Light Perfected Beings formed from 88,888 layers of primordial Qi on his right. They oversee the Thirty-Six Grotto-Heavens (Daoist paradises), supervise the Ten Directions' Divine Kings, govern the operations of the Nine Heavens' Three Realms, and disseminate transformations throughout creation.
Finally, it explains that this scripture contains 183 divisions of Upper Origin Nine Heavens' True Numinous Registers, protected by divine generals, soldiers, and officers. Practitioners must ritually position these deities within the body's 365 palace-chambers (energy centers corresponding to celestial realms) through proper methods, enabling them to guard the entire form and roam freely among the Five Sacred Mountains and Four Seas.
This scripture documents the guardian deity system of the Shangqing (Highest Clarity) tradition, a major Daoist school, presenting two key components:
The first part establishes precepts for those receiving ordination (fulu/talismanic registers):
Deities governing the Yangtze, Huai River, Ji River and other waterways, along with local City Gods (Chenghuang) and Earth Deities (Tudi), must assist the state according to celestial law, protect the people, manage other deities, and heal the populace. From the moment of ordination, initiates must never violate precepts, participate in improper sacrifices (yinsi/illicit worship), or kill the innocent. Ancestral veneration must follow orthodox Daoist rites. Those committing sexual misconduct, theft, or impersonating divine officers will face severe punishment extending through seven generations of ancestors.
The second part details fourteen guardian general groups with specialized functions:
1. Ten Primordial Destiny Generals: Commanding 100,000 celestial troops
2. Ten Life-Passage Generals: Leading 100,000 flying immortal cavalry
3. Ten Bodyguard Generals: Directing 100,000 personal protection forces
4. Ten Calamity-Relief Generals: Governing 100,000 emergency cavalry
(Subsequent units oversee: vital qi (energy) protection, invisibility, disaster elimination, healing, and summoning/assessing spirits—each commanding 100,000 celestial warriors)
This system embodies the Daoist concept of "cosmic resonance" (tianren ganying), asserting that ordained practitioners gain celestial military protection while strictly observing corresponding religious disciplines.
This passage describes the protective powers of celestial generals in the Shangqing (Highest Clarity) tradition of Daoism, an early school emphasizing spirit visualization practices. It explains how practitioners who receive the "Mystical Registers of the Nine Heavens of Upper Primordial" (a type of Daoist talismanic scripture) gain divine guardianship.
The content unfolds in several layers:
1. It first enumerates four categories of divine generals, each comprising ten commanders with 100,000 soldiers:
- Celestial Healing Officers (divine generals specializing in curing ailments)
- Ghost-Subduing Executioners (guardians who punish malevolent spirits)
- Life-Sustaining Form Guardians (protectors of vitality and physical form)
- Soaring White Tigers (messengers who deliver petitions to celestial realms)
2. The text then explains that after formal initiation into these Mystical Registers (using "Wang Jia" as a placeholder name for the practitioner), these divine forces will:
- Form concentric protective circles around the adept's body
- Safeguard their vital essence (Jing), energy (Qi), and spiritual consciousness (Shen)
- Ward off all demonic influences and malevolent entities
- Subdue disobedient violent spirits and ghosts
3. The scripture reveals these generals form 365 divisions, corresponding to cosmic patterns:
- Symbolizing celestial bodies (the Seven Luminaries and Nine Celestial Lights)
- Aligning with seasonal cycles and the Five Phases
- Harmonizing with Daoist cosmological systems like the Eight Trigrams (Bagua) and Nine Palaces
4. The passage concludes by emphasizing the practitioner's need for sincere devotion to the Three Pure Ones (Sanqing, the highest Daoist deities). The Golden Illumination Seven Perfected Masters (likely transmission priests) properly confer these registers, enabling the divine generals to protect the adept during spiritual journeys to sacred mountains and seas.
This scripture exemplifies the Daoist practice of invoking celestial protection through talismanic transmission (Fulu), demonstrating how formal initiation into specific registers grants divine guardianship for exorcism, spiritual defense, and unimpeded travel through sacred realms.
This scripture describes the vast celestial guardian system of the Shangqing (Highest Clarity) tradition, a major Daoist school emphasizing Shen (spirit) cultivation practices. The content divides into two main sections:
The first part explains how local earth deities and city gods must obey celestial Fulu (talismanic decrees) to collectively protect spiritual practitioners. Those who violate precepts—such as performing improper sacrifices or offending spirits—face investigation by celestial officials (Tianguan) during their lifetime, followed by posthumous judgment and punishment from the Three Officials (Heavenly, Earthly, and Water Officials).
The second section meticulously enumerates twelve divisions of celestial guardian forces. Each division comprises ten generals commanding 100,000 celestial soldiers with specialized functions:
1. Primordial Destiny Generals: Maintain cosmic mandates
2. Soaring Celestial Warriors: Rapid-response troops
3. Liberation of Souls Generals: Guide departed spirits
4. Temple-Destroying Vajra Warriors: Demolish heterodox shrines
5. Living Beings' Liberation Generals: Deliver sentient beings
6. Demon-Subduing Executioners: Vanquish evil entities
7. Vital Energy Liberation Generals: Regenerate life force
8. Spirit-Controlling Ghost-Eaters: Govern supernatural beings
9. Body-Illuminating Thunder Generals: Provide lightning protection
10. Essence-Refining Toxin-Eaters: Neutralize poisons
11. Awe-Inspiring Guardians: Bestow majestic shielding
12. Sky-Roaming Summoners: Enforce celestial conscription
Together, these military formations constitute a complete cosmic defense system responsible for maintaining universal order, safeguarding practitioners, and punishing wickedness. Through this depiction of divine martial power, the scripture reveals Daoism's vision of cosmic governance.
This scripture passage describes the ritual transmission of the Shangyuan Jiutian Zhenling 365 Bu Xuanlu (Mysterious Registers of the 365 True Spirits of the Upper Prime Nine Heavens) in the Shangqing (Highest Clarity) tradition, an important early Daoist school focused on spirit visualization practices. It explains how receiving and upholding this scripture grants protection from celestial generals and their armies.
The text first enumerates four groups of heavenly guardian generals, each comprising ten commanders who lead 100,000 celestial soldiers:
1. The Yin-Shen Zhengqi Generals of the Supreme Mysterious Upper Prime Nine Heavens
2. The Feitian Chijin Junyu Lang Envoys of the Supreme Ultimate Upper Prime Nine Heavens
3. The Baoshen Hushou Generals of the Supreme Mysterious Upper Prime Nine Heavens
4. The Feitian Baihu Songzhang Xianlong Generals of the Supreme Ultimate Upper Prime Nine Heavens
It then states that when devotees (regardless of gender) sincerely commit to the Mysterious True Dao and seek to receive these registers, the Seven Perfected Lords (high-ranking celestial officials) will ritually transmit the corresponding heavenly officers and commanders according to established protocols. The Feixuan Sanyuan Yansheng Lingfu (Soaring Mysterious Triple Origin Life-Extending Talismans) are used to consecrate the registers, thereby commanding the celestial officers and divine troops.
After receiving the registers, these heavenly forces will:
- Execute celestial decrees to collectively protect the recipient
- Safeguard against the Three Calamities, Nine Misfortunes, Five Toxins, and Eight Tribulations
- Grant lifespan equal to the Three Origins (Heaven, Earth, and Water Officials)
- Subdue demons and eliminate all evils
- Station 365 celestial officers to perpetually guard the recipient's bodily orifices and energy points
The text clarifies that these registers may be received by men and women without distinction. It records the recipient's hometown, age, and specific requirements for receiving the "Single General Mysterious Register." When wearing the registers and talismans, the celestial officers and soldiers will protect the recipient's body from malevolent spirits and ghosts.
This passage reflects the Daoist practice of obtaining divine protection through scripture transmission, emphasizing the religious concept of "summoning and commanding spirits through talismans and registers."
This scripture describes the complete ritual procedure of the "Altar Ascent and Transmission" ceremony in the Shangqing (Highest Clarity) tradition of Daoism, which can be divided into three main sections:
The first section focuses on exorcism and protection. The text commands all wandering spirits (wangliang) and various supernatural beings to disperse, while righteous deities of heaven and earth along with local earth gods must obey the talismanic orders to perpetually guard the practitioner. Should any malevolent spirits attempt harm, the celestial soldiers and generals (jiangjun libing) will immediately capture and execute them without delay. The phrase "urgently as the supreme decree of the Nine Heavens" emphasizes the immediate enforcement akin to the highest celestial law.
The second section details preparatory steps. It records the specific time format (year, month, day, and hour) and pre-ceremony procedures: recording participants (youth scribes), preparing ritual implements and celestial troops (duzhi lu libing yi), then performing two grand bows facing east. This is followed by offering incense three times, striking the ritual drum twenty-four times (symbolizing the twenty-four solar terms), and finally lighting the incense burner (falu).
The final section outlines the elaborate deity-invocation process. First, the Most High Lord Lao (one of Daoism's supreme deities) is reverently invited along with his entourage—twenty-four incense officials, flying immortals, and dragon messengers. Then, incense is offered to the Celestial Worthy of Primordial Beginning (the highest Daoist divinity) while presenting memorials to summon the pure qi of the ten directions. Subsequently, multiple categories of celestial functionaries (gongcao) are sequentially invoked, including:
- The Five Body True Officials from the Golden Radiance Seven Perfected
- Various functionaries from the Nine Heavens of Upper Clarity (including Shengxuan, Zhengyi, and Left-Right Mysterious Perfection)
- Yin-Yang Dual Divinity Functionaries
- Healing Functionaries from the Immortal Capital
- Flying Celestial White Tiger Messengers and Dragon-Riding Officials for document delivery
Two functionaries are summoned for each category, culminating in the invocation of 1,200 divine beings including True Official Messengers from the Seven Perfected and Direct Talisman Clerks from the Immortal Capital—all required to appear in full ceremonial attire, forming solemn processions to guard all directions.
Through this meticulous sequence—first purifying the ritual space, then respectfully inviting deities at all levels, and finally deploying celestial guardians—the ceremony embodies the core Daoist concept of "divine-human communication" in ritual practice.
This passage describes the ritual procedures of the Shangqing (Highest Clarity) tradition—a major Daoist school emphasizing visualization practices—for transmitting the Mystical Registers of the 365 Celestial Officials of the Nine Heavens. The key elements are:
A group of devotees from a certain locality, with sincere devotion, petitions the Three Pure Ones (Sanqing, the supreme Daoist deities: Celestial Worthy of Primordial Beginning, Celestial Worthy of Numinous Treasure, and Celestial Worthy of Dao and Virtue) to receive this secret text containing the names of 365 celestial officials. On the ritual day, the celestial registers must be transcribed following specific protocols—using the "ci" document format (a type of Daoist memorial) when addressing the celestial court, while noting the transmission date when passing the text to disciples.
The ceremony involves paying homage to the Three Originals (heavenly, earthly, and water officials) and the Nine Heavens' immortal officials, while submitting memorials to the Limitless Great Dao (the supreme ontological principle) and the Jade Emperor. Practitioners invite these celestial officials to oversee the process, ensuring the sacred name registers properly correspond to specific body locations (reflecting the Daoist belief that the human body mirrors cosmic structures with deities guarding each part). This creates ninety million protective layers for the disciples' wellbeing. Local earth deities and celestial soldiers are also summoned to assist, with promised rewards based on their protective merits.
The latter part features the "Seven Perfected of Golden Light" (likely referring to seven high-ranking ritual masters) commanding the body's resident spirits (Daoist practice holds that practitioners host various divine officers within their corporeal form) and document-carrying emissaries (celestial clerks responsible for delivering memorials) to complete the memorial-submission process. Finally, all invoked deities return to their original stations while the masters bow again, completing the secret transmission ritual while kneeling northward.
Note: The term "chu guan" refers to the Daoist ritual practice where masters dispatch their internal deities on external missions; "gongcao" denotes lower-ranking divine functionaries in the Daoist pantheon.
This passage describes the sacred scene and ritual procedures of the "Summoning and Examination" ceremony (a ritual to invoke celestial deities) performed by the Shangqing (Highest Clarity) Daoist tradition:
First comes the majestic procession of celestial officials: the Summoning Examination Officers (responsible for evaluating and invoking deities), the Inspecting Immortal King Messengers (officials in charge of verification), the Sky-Riding Cavalry (flying celestial soldiers), the True Dragon Riders (knights astride flying dragons), the Soaring Dragon Couriers (dragon-mounted messengers), and the Winged Immortal Cavalry (feathered celestial riders)—each group numbering thirty-six. Clad in solemn ritual robes, they stand in orderly formation according to celestial protocol, meticulously overseeing the entire ceremony.
These celestial commanders must allocate the 365 divisions of divine troops from the Highest Heaven's True Spirits to correspond with the 365 joint-palaces (Daoism considers the human body to have 365 vital energy points) within the practitioner's body, ensuring each part has a guarding deity. Then all the immortals jointly petition the supreme ruler of the Formless Great Dao—the Jade Emperor.
Next comes the recitation of the Ordination Document (a text conferring divine authority) and the Decree Talismanic Incantations (spells with magical power). The incantations primarily extol the majestic power of the Great Dao, invoking the divine force from the Supreme Void (highest realm of formlessness), using the Supreme Mystery True Talisman (highest-grade ritual charm) to summon divine kings and subjugate all calamities. It concludes with the standard Daoist phrase "Swiftly, swiftly, in accordance with the statutes and ordinances."
This is followed by the Water Decree (hydromantic spell), transforming the celestial river's holy water into a divine qi net (celestial web), scattering like swords to vanquish celestial demons, exterminate the ghost soldiers of five directions (malevolent forces from all quarters), and purge all monstrous evils.
The ceremony concludes with the "Merit Reporting" segment (reporting achievements to the celestial court): the ritual master kneels facing east, through the Seven Golden Luminance Perfected Ones (seven high-ranking immortals), to report the ritual's completion to the Celestial Worthy of Primordial Beginning and other supreme deities, requesting celestial titles (heavenly ranks) for all participating celestial officers and soldiers. Upon completion, all celestial officials return to their Mystic Palaces (celestial abodes), awaiting future summons.
The entire ceremony manifests Daoism's vast pantheon, meticulous celestial bureaucracy, and the cultivation concept of correspondence between humans and deities.
This scripture documents the ritual text for transmitting the "Upper Prime Nine Heavens Mysterious Registers" (Shangyuan Jiutian Xuanlu) in the Shangqing (Highest Clarity) Daoist tradition. The main content is divided into several sections.
First is the invocation to the "Supreme Jade Emperor of Limitless Grandeur" (Wuji Dazizun Yuhuang), one of Daoism's highest deities, requesting the dispatch of 365 celestial officials and divine generals to permanently protect the recipient. During the ritual, incense is burned while offering prayers for golden radiance and precious light to envelop the altar, granting blessings and grace to the initiate.
Following this are two application forms for register transmission: the first for adult applicants seeking the "Upper Prime Nine Heavens 365 Mysterious Registers," requiring details of native place, name, and age; the second for child initiates receiving the "Jade Immortal General Child's Mysterious Registers of the Supreme Nine Heavens." Each transmission requires ritual offerings: adults provide 200 coins and five bundles of firewood, while children offer 200 coins and one bundle.
The text concludes by enumerating the hierarchical system of deities overseeing the transmission: beginning with the "Celestial Worthy of Orthodox Unity's Mysterious Qi of Pure Mystery" (Qingxuan Wuji Zhengyi Xuanqi Xi Tianzun), including the "Jade Emperor of Eternal Golden Truth" (Changming Jinzhen Yuhuang) and "Jade Heaven Realized Being of Flowing Radiance" (Liuming Yutian Zhenren). These deities are organized into left, right, and central pathways of authentic qi, governing the Realized Beings of Daoism's 36 Grotto-Heavens (dongtian). Collectively they oversee the ten directions of the Dharma realm, with the "Seven Authentic Ones of Golden Radiance" (Jinming Qizhenzi) responsible for executing the transmission.
This passage reflects the Shangqing tradition's religious rituals establishing divine covenants through the transmission of sacred registers (fulu). Through these ceremonies, devotees obtain spiritual protection and advance their cultivation practice.
This scripture is a devout petition used when a Daoist practitioner receives the "Upper Primordial Nine Heavens True Numinous Three Hundred Sixty-Five Divisions Mystic Registers" (advanced Daoist talismans). The general meaning is as follows:
This disciple, through the master's guidance, has been granted a celestial official position to cultivate the supreme Daoist methods. I deeply understand that the wondrous teachings of the Three Caverns (the highest Daoist scriptures) are not something a mundane person like myself can easily obtain, and I am profoundly grateful for the vast grace of the Great Dao. Yet I was born into this turbid worldly existence, destined to undergo the Three Calamities (flood, fire, and wind), with defilements having become my second nature. My impure body and mind have repeatedly violated precepts, accumulating sins as high as mountains and faults as deep as the sea. Hearing that the Great Dao is compassionate, universally saving all beings with grace that permeates the ten directions and nourishes the Three Realms and Six Paths (heavens, humans, asuras, hells, hungry ghosts, and animals), we who greedily seek progress without understanding retreat truly cannot save ourselves. Therefore, I reverently compose this memorial to submit myself to the Three Treasures (Dao, scriptures, and master), begging to receive the Upper Primordial Nine Heavens True Numinous Registers, hoping to gain protection from celestial soldiers and generals to cross the long river of life and death. After receiving these methods, I will strictly observe all liturgical procedures without daring to transgress.
May the Seven Perfected Ones (high-ranking immortals) witness our continuous prostrations and immediately arrange celestial official positions for us. We truthfully report our native places, names, and ages, preparing today the memorial that enumerates our celestial official titles. We pray that the Limitless Great Dao and the Supreme Jade Emperor (highest Daoist deity) will issue decrees through the Three Heavens' immortal capitals, dispatching jade officials of the immortals, True Kings of the Nine Heavens, and envoys who oversee true attainment, summoning all celestial officials to their proper stations to formally confer the registers upon us on a specified day this month.
Finally, the Golden Luminescence Seven Perfected Ones (specific immortal title) repeatedly kowtow to present this memorial to the Supreme Jade Emperor of the Golden Portal in the Highest Nine Heavens (the highest celestial administration). On such-and-such year, month, day, and hour of the current Grand Jupiter cycle, at such-and-such location, this memorial is formally submitted. May the supremely true and luminous assembly of sages from the Supreme Mystery's Highest Nine Heavens descend to complete the register-conferring ceremony.
The text concludes by noting: This is the standard liturgy for transmitting the Mystic Registers, belonging to the Orthodox Unity Mystic Qi system of the Pure Mystery Limitless tradition, reverently performed by the Golden Luminescence Seven Perfected Ones of such-and-such qi cultivation rank. According to Mystic Gate liturgy, certain male and female devotees now devoutly kowtow to request reception of the Upper Primordial Nine Heavens True Numinous Registers. The Seven Perfected Ones will, on a specified day this month, arrange their celestial official positions according to regulations and memorialize the Daoist Patriarch.
This passage describes the ritual procedure of the "Ceremony for the Celestial Officials of the Upper Prime Nine Heavens" practiced by the Shangqing (Highest Clarity) school of Daoism. It primarily consists of memorial documents petitioning the supreme deities for protection and blessings. Here is the modern interpretation:
The supremely boundless Great Dao (the highest truth in Daoism) and the Most High Lord Lao (Taishang Laojun) graciously dispatch various celestial envoys to the mortal realm. These emissaries include: the Supervisory Envoys of the Jade Emperor of the Nine Heavens, the Covenant-Witnessing Envoys of the Mystic Capital's Immortal Sovereigns, the Liberation Envoys of the Ten Directions' Flying Celestials, and the Dao-Perfected Envoys for Dispelling Calamities. Riding on divine light that obscures heaven and earth, they purge malevolent influences from the Six Heavens (referring to the desire realm's six heavens) and summon deities from the Three Realms to witness this ritual.
During the ceremony, the register titled "Mystic Registers of the Three Hundred Sixty-Five Celestial Officials from the Upper Prime Nine Heavens" (a celestial roster recording heavenly deities) is presented to devotees. This ensures these celestial officers permanently safeguard the 365 palace-chambers (corresponding to acupuncture points) within the human body. Seven perfected practitioners (Qizhen) prostrate themselves in reverence, submitting memorial documents to beseech the Supreme Jade Emperor's compassion for bestowing pure Mystic Qi (primordial energy) and divine protection.
The ritual sequence includes: selecting an auspicious time and location (following Taiping protocols), determining orientation (facing east by day, north by night), burning incense with prostrations, sounding the celestial drum twenty-four times, and initiating the ritual altar (Falu). Finally, through envoys like the Flying Dragon Riders, the memorial documents are delivered to the celestial court for presentation to the Supreme Jade Emperor.
The text concludes by noting this standardized memorial format serves for "commoners seeking emergency salvation and blessings," representing an important liturgical document of the Shangqing tradition. The mentioned "365 Mystic Registers" and "365 palace-chambers" reflect the Daoist cosmological correspondence between microcosm and macrocosm - viewing the human body as a small universe mirroring celestial deities.
This passage describes the deity-invocation process during a memorial ritual (zhangbiao) in the Shangqing (Highest Clarity) tradition, one of Daoism's major schools. The practitioner (referred to as "so-and-so" or "A" in the text) sequentially summons various divine beings for protection while offering incense and presenting memorials.
The ceremony begins with the practitioner making incense offerings to the Celestial Worthy of Primordial Beginning (Yuanshi Tianzun), the supreme Daoist deity residing in primordial emptiness, petitioning for the descent of the authentic life-giving Qi (vital energy) from the Ten Directions (the eight cardinal points plus zenith and nadir). After reverent prostrations before the incense altar, the invocation commences.
The primary summoned deities include:
1. The practitioner's own internal Five Body True Officials (wuti zhenguan) - two envoys each serving as the body's guardian spirits.
2. Various celestial functionaries (gongcao) from the Nine Heavens of the Upper Realm (shangyuan jiutian), two of each type:
- Ascending Mystery Functionaries (shengxuan gongcao)
- Left and Right Mysterious Truth Functionaries (zuoyou xuanzhen gongcao)
- Yin-Yang Dual Spirit Orthodox Unity Functionaries (yinyang ershen zhengyi gongcao)
- Healing Functionaries (zhibing gongcao)
3. Divine warriors (lishi) from the Upper Realm's Nine Heavens, two of each type:
- Soaring Celestial Warriors (feiteng tianding lishi)
- Talisman-Executing, Temple-Destroying Vajra Warriors (zhufu pomiao jingang lishi)
- Specialized demon-subduing warriors including Spirit-Capturing Ghost-Eaters (shoushen shigui), Essence-Collecting Poison-Devourers (shoujing shidu)
- Summoning-and-Examination Warriors (kaozhao lishi)
- Talisman-Flying Convocation Warriors (feifu shezhao lishi)
4. Higher-ranking deities:
- Crimson-Flying Golden Chariot Feather Attendants (chipiao jinche yulangguan)
- White Tiger Memorial-Delivering Transcendent Dragon Riders (baihu songzhang xianlong qili)
The ritual culminates with the summoning of the practitioner's personal True Official envoys and the Immortal Capital's Direct Truth Talisman Functionaries (xiandu zhizhen fuli), who lead a majestic formation of 1,200 celestial envoys. Resplendent in full regalia with feathered adornments (yuyi), these deities radiate brilliant light from all directions, dispelling inauspicious forces and forming a powerful protective boundary around the practitioner.
This scripture is a template for memorial petitions (formal documents addressed to celestial deities) from the Shangqing (Highest Clarity) tradition, an important Daoist school. It is used by devotees to beseech heavenly deities for disaster relief and misfortune resolution. The main content can be understood as follows:
A devotee (male/female) from a specified location (county/village) respectfully submits this memorial to the celestial court through the officiating Daoist priest (designated as "A"). The petition seeks assistance from celestial officials in absolving various transgressions and calamities, resolving specific issues (stated as "such matters"), reconciling grievances, dispelling misfortunes, and warding off dangers. May all faults committed by the household be pardoned, illnesses cured, and manifold blessings bestowed—ensuring smooth progress and auspicious outcomes in all endeavors.
This memorial is reverently addressed to the following supreme deities: the Limitless Great Dao (the highest Daoist principle), the Celestial Worthy of Primordial Beginning (Yuanshi Tianzun, one of Daoism's supreme deities), the Most High Jade Emperor, and other august celestial worthies. It further invokes high-ranking immortals like the Nine Elders of the Immortal Capital and the Nine Qi Elders, petitioning them to command the cooperation of all celestial beings—including the guardians of the ten directions, the five directional overseers, the Three Origins and Four Beginnings (Daoist cosmological concepts), as well as all deities governing heaven, earth, mountains, rivers, and seas—in processing this petition.
Special emphasis is placed on local earth gods and village protector deities (sheshen) to transmit this memorial without delay. Should any malevolent spirits or demons dare obstruct its passage, celestial soldiers will apprehend them according to divine law and confine them in the Northern Yin Underworld (Daoist hell realm).
The memorial concludes by reaffirming its appeal to the Limitless Great Dao and the Jade Emperor, while directing the internal guardian spirits (such as the merit officials and celestial officers cultivated within the practitioner's body) to ensure the document's successful delivery. Through the merit generated by this ritual, may ancestral spirits (up to nine generations of paternal and seven generations of maternal ancestors) be liberated, freeing both the living and deceased from the sufferings of hell (the ten pains, eight difficulties, and three tortures) to attain salvation.
(Note: The recurring term "A" refers to the presiding Daoist priest, while "so-and-so" denotes the devotee. This represents standard Daoist document formatting—actual usage requires insertion of specific details.)
This scripture primarily describes obtaining divine protection and eliminating calamities through Daoist rituals, divided into several sections:
First, it depicts the blessings received by devotees through cultivation and ascension: enjoying nature's bounty in the Southern Palace (a Daoist celestial realm), with household illnesses cured and various disasters resolved. The text enumerates malevolent spirits and demons, including pestilences from five directions and wandering specters, declaring these will all be eradicated so that "no calamity arises while a hundred blessings descend."
Next, it portrays the ritual process: the master priest (represented by "Jia" in the text) summons celestial officials and true spirits through liturgical Keyi ceremonies. These deities return to their stations from the Vermilion Gates and Marvelous Towers (heavenly portals). The ritual includes the "Returning to the Brazier" (a specific Daoist Zhaijiao procedure) and the descent of incense-officer messengers, causing golden light and precious Qi to radiate within and beyond the altar, with jade maidens and youths escorting incense smoke directly to the Limitless Great Dao (the supreme Daoist realm).
Later passages explain the origin of this Mysterious Register (Xuanlu): transmitted by the Seven Perfected (high-ranking immortals), it assists the Thirty-Six True Sovereigns in governing the Bhadrakalpa (cosmic cycle) according to natural rhythms. The scripture prophesies that when proper Dao prevails, myriad demons will submit and the Six Heavens (representing heterodox paths) will return to righteousness, making heaven and earth clear as a mirror. It concludes by affirming this as a verified true scripture to be transmitted to posterity.
Terms like "Golden-Walled Jade Mansion" denote immortal palaces, "Vermilion Gates and Marvelous Towers" represent celestial portals, while "Returning to the Brazier" refers to a specific Zhaijiao ritual segment. These elements reflect the Daoist worldview of connecting heaven and humanity through liturgical ceremonies to dispel misfortune and invoke blessings.
This scripture primarily discusses the rules and precautions regarding the transmission of sacred texts, while also mentioning several important Daoist deities.
First, it emphasizes that future students of this text must never divide the scripture into separate sections, nor transcribe portions into other scrolls. Those who violate this prohibition will incur the punishment of "wind blades" (a severe celestial retribution in Daoism), and thus must exercise utmost caution. When transmitting the text to others, it must be passed down in its complete, original form without any alterations. This represents the authentic decree of the Jade Emperor (one of Daoism's supreme deities), which absolutely cannot be contravened.
The text then enumerates several major Daoist deities:
1. The Heavenly Lord of Supreme Mystery, True Perfection, Primordial Origin, Pure Mystery, Limitless True Ascension
2. The Heavenly Lord of True Illumination
3. The Heavenly Lord of Supreme Non-Being
4. The Great Lord of Supreme Dao
5. Lord Lao the Most High (the deified form of Laozi)
6. The Most High Elder
7. The Lord of Nine Elders' Immortal Capital
8. The Lord of Hundred-Thousandfold Layers of Dao-Qi
9. His Majesty the True Heaven
Further listed are:
1. The Celestial Worthy of Supreme Clarity, Primordial Origin, Pure Mystery, Limitless True Ascension
2. The Great Assembly of Truly Illuminated Celestial Worthies
3. The Golden Bright Celestial Worthy of Supreme Non-Being
4. The Heavenly Lord of Infinite Great Dao, Generating Myriad Layers of Immortal Mystery and Vital Breath
5. The Lord of Hundred-Thousandfold Layers of Dao-Qi from the Three Primes' Vital Breath
6. The Golden Bright Palace of Nine Elders' True Immortal Elder
The text clarifies that these two sections containing 61-character divine titles each originally did not belong to this scripture, but are temporarily included here pending further research. When using them, note that major sections should be placed afterward while minor sections come first.
The complete scripture is titled The Supreme Clarity's Golden Truth, Jade Emperor's Primordial Record of 365 Heavenly Spirit Divisions from the Nine Heavens, a vital Shangqing (Supreme Clarity) text cataloging 365 celestial deities.
Source text: Kanripo 漢籍リポジトリ(KR5g0197); Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0 · Report an error / feedback