《天樞院都司須知格》
About this page. The original text of 《天樞院都司須知格》 (Dongxuan 洞玄部, 1 volume) is shown in Classical Chinese as transmitted in the Kanripo (Kyoto University) edition. An English interpretation of the 4 passages on this page accompanies it: select a passage or press “Interpretation” to show it. All texts in English
Reading modes explained
- Horizontal: ordinary left-to-right reading; the interpretation can be shown.
- Scroll: vertical text running right to left; the wheel scrolls sideways (no interpretation in this mode).
- Wheel: columns of vertical text turn around a drum; use the wheel, drag or arrow keys, or auto-play.
- Pages: about 200 characters per page; use the buttons, swipe or arrow keys.
Source textInterpretation
Vol. 1
"Regulations of the Celestial Pivot Bureau's Chief Office" (Modern Interpretation):
The administrative protocols for the Chief Office of the Celestial Pivot Bureau (a key Daoist divine institution):
[Operational Procedures]
Seven Chief Archivists are appointed to handle all official documents, working in rotating shifts for daily operations. Final approval requires the signature of the Chief Magistrate.
If any of the seventy-four Department Magistrates delay documents or submit unclear paperwork, they shall be penalized according to severity. Serious cases require re-submission to higher authorities.
[Document Transmission]
For delayed transmission of documents across the Three Realms:
- One ke (15 minutes) delay: demotion by one rank
- One hour delay: removal from two positions
- One day delay: investigation of qualifications
- Two days delay: suspension
- Three days delay: full disciplinary review
[Special Affairs]
Major incidents require dispatch of judicial officers for on-site verification. Matters involving sacred mountains and rivers must be reported upon resolution.
[Enforcement Authority]
The Chief Office maintains a five chi seven cun (approx. 1.9m) iron whip for disciplining minor offenses by Yin-Yang magistrates.
A dedicated prison handles minor Yin-Yang cases not requiring Celestial Prison intervention, also adjudicating cases involving deities.
The official seal reads "Seal of the Celestial Pivot Chief Archivist," measuring 2.5 cun (approx. 8cm) wide.
[Rewards and Penalties]
Negligent supervisors are demoted to junior positions; repeat offenders face removal.
Outstanding supervisors receive:
- Honorary titles for formally appointed officers
- Extended lifespan for living officers
- Posthumous immortal appointments for ancestors
[Ranking System]
Civil positions require: filial piety, cultivation attainment, and meritorious service.
Senior divine ranks include:
Zhenjun (Perfected Lord), Tianjun (Celestial Lord), Yuanjun (Primordial Lord), Zhenren (Perfected Person), Xianzuo (Immortal Attendant), and Xianren (Immortal) - each of the six upper grades has secret titles.
[Upper Nine Ranks]
Divided into three palace tiers:
Golden Chariot Hall, Five Deities Hall, Fixed Light Hall
Great Tenuity Hall, Purple Tenuity Hall
Positions include Academicians, Scripture Interpreters, Document Archivists, and special envoys like "Benevolent Resolve Envoys."
[Middle Nine Ranks]
Three institutional categories:
Heavenly Spirit Pavilion, Earthly Completion Pavilion, Celestial Historiographer Pavilion
Literary Assembly Pavilion, Central Harmony Hall
Positions include Academicians, Archivists, and Interpreters.
Bright Discipline Hall, Joyful Enlightenment Garden, Immortal Assembly Garden, Jade Pool
These house special envoys and commanders, representing exceptional "Celestial Mandate" appointments.
Note: All positions correspond to secret titles and special privileges.
This passage describes the celestial bureaucratic system of the Daoist Celestial Pivot Court (Tianshuyuan), the administrative body of the heavenly realm, divided into civil and military hierarchies:
[Civil Service System]
The highest-ranking positions include the Left and Right Ministers, Envoys, and Grand Envoys serving the Three Pure Ones (Sanqing) - the Jade Pure, Upper Pure, and Great Pure deities. These high-ranking civil officials, including Secretaries and Judges from institutions like the Mystic Metropolis Palace, Grand Tenuity Palace, and Lesser Tenuity Palace, are responsible for transmitting celestial decrees and maintaining immortal registers.
[Military Service System]
1. Upper Nine Ranks: Comprising protective deities like the Five Youth Lords (Wutong Jun) and Ten Directions Deployment Officers, forming the celestial elite forces equipped with special talismans (Fulu) and secret scripts.
2. Middle Nine Ranks: Five categories of emissaries bearing credentials - Sword Bearers, Seal Bearers, and Talisman Bearers - who carry Nine Heavens insignia.
3. Lower Nine Ranks: Including the Four Sages Dispatchers and Three Heavens Dispatchers responsible for specific missions such as summoning and subduing evil spirits (kaozhao), or guarding sacred mountains and city gods.
[Promotion System]
1. Civil officials advance primarily through seniority and performance in clerical work
2. Military officers earn promotion through battlefield achievements, such as suppressing heterodox altars or destroying improper shrines
3. Exceptional individuals may receive special appointments, like the Three Pure Great Power Lords and other formidable divine generals
[Special Notes]
1. All appointments require memorials from the Celestial Pivot Court and decrees from the Jade Emperor
2. Erring immortals may be demoted to military positions like generals or army commanders
3. Each rank possesses corresponding secret talismanic scripts
(Note: "Kaozhao" refers to Daoist rituals for summoning and subduing evil spirits; "Five Youth Lords" are protective deities; the "Three Pure Ones" represent the supreme deities - Celestial Worthy of Primordial Beginning, Celestial Worthy of Numinous Treasure, and Celestial Worthy of Dao and its Virtue)
Plain English Interpretation of The Regulations of the Celestial Pivot Administration
Rules for Official Appointments
Appointments to the celestial civil and military offices require first drafting a candidate list, which must be approved before official appointment documents are issued. Those who accumulate ten meritorious deeds in life may be promoted to higher positions, and after death, they may be formally granted official titles. The Three Officials (Heaven, Earth, and Water) assess merits and virtues, filling vacancies based on one's conduct both in life and after death.
Ranking System for Official Titles
Civil officials are divided into three ranks:
- Four-character titles (lowest rank)
- Three-character titles
- Two-character titles (highest rank)
Military officials are also divided into three ranks:
- Six-character titles (lowest rank)
- Four-character titles
- Three-character titles (highest rank)
The fewer characters in the title, the higher the rank. There are also special title systems such as "Secret Characters" (Mizi) and "Black Characters" (Qianzi).
Meritorious Title Terminology
Standard honorary titles consist of 44 designated characters, including virtues like Loyalty, Courage, Talent, Strategy, Filial Piety, Benevolence, Kindness, Grace, Subtlety, and Excellence, as well as ability-related terms like Literary, Responsive, Virtue, and Martial. Additionally, there are tens of thousands of special commendatory characters, which are celestial secrets passed down within the heavenly bureaucracy.
Conditions for Posthumous Salvation
Any one of the following virtuous deeds exempts a soul from descending into hell:
1. Outstanding filial piety
2. Long-term cultivation of the Dao
3. A mind inclined toward righteousness
4. Performing good deeds in secret, unknown to others
5. Publicly recognized acts of kindness
6. Cherishing life and despising killing
7. Combining kindness with courage, gentleness with caution
Criteria for Condemnation to Hell
The following evil deeds result in damnation:
1. Deception, concealment, and betrayal of trust
2. Committing wickedness in secret, unknown to others
3. Committing the Ten Abominations and Five Heinous Crimes (Note: The Ten Abominations include treason and other grave offenses, while the Five Heinous Crimes include patricide and other extreme evils).
Principles of the Purple Court’s True Laws
- Purity and freedom from defilement are called Purity (Jie)
- Vigilance and reverence are called Diligence (Qin)
- Righteous desires left unfulfilled are called Genuine (Zhen)
- Greed left unfulfilled is called True Greed (Zhen Tan)
- What appears to be theft may not be theft; what appears to be debauchery may not be debauchery; what appears to be rebellion may not be rebellion
- Repentance and devotion to the Dao are supreme virtues; hypocrisy and insincerity are grave evils
- Saving those who should not live is akin to killing; killing those who deserve death is akin to saving lives
- Those who resent their parents do not deserve life; the truly filial never truly die; the most filial may attain immortality
- The path to immortality seems difficult but is actually easy; the path to damnation seems easy but is actually difficult
The Rules for Celestial Pivot Administration Officials outlines the criteria for distinguishing good from evil and judging transgressions:
Those who constantly despise hypocrisy in others will themselves become tainted by this vice. The true standard for moral judgment is this: to abhor wicked deeds yet not despise those who repent — this constitutes genuine virtue.
The Authentic Statutes of Ghostly Azure (a Daoist disciplinary code) stipulates:
When those who divulge celestial secrets are rewarded while secret-keepers are punished, such inversion of right and wrong cannot be called "integrity" (xin). Using clever rhetoric to conceal faults constitutes "deceit" (buxin).
Regarding the gravity of transgressions:
Secretly committed evils (yin misfortunes) incur greater karmic weight than openly perpetrated wrongs (yang misfortunes). When wicked thoughts arise in the heart though not manifested, the transgression is already evident; when wrongful acts are committed but accompanied by remorse, the offense may be pardoned.
Principles for interpersonal conduct:
Never suppress others — those who habitually oppress can never achieve Dao cultivation. One may properly guide others — only those skilled in guidance can truly walk the path of Dao.
(Note: The Celestial Pivot Administration (Tianshuyuan) is a Daoist divine institution responsible for evaluating human morality. "Chief Controller" (Dousi) refers to its supervising officials. This passage details the celestial standards for judging human conduct and the principles practitioners should follow.)
Source text: Kanripo 漢籍リポジトリ(KR5b0256); Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0 · Report an error / feedback