《孫真人備急千金要方目錄》

The Essential Formulas for Emergencies [Worth] a Thousand Pieces of Gold by Sun Zhenren (Beiji Qianjin Yaofang) is a pivotal medical compendium compiled by the renowned Tang dynasty physician Sun Simiao (venerated as Sun Zhenren, "Perfected Lord Sun"). Organized by disease categories, this work systematically documents a vast array of therapeutic formulas and treatment protocols, offering exceptionally comprehensive and practical content.

The first volume begins with foundational medical principles, presenting nine key discourses: Starting with how physicians should study medicine ("Great Physicians' Training") and the cultivation of medical ethics ("Great Physicians' Sincerity"), it proceeds to specific diagnostic methods ("Diagnosis"), principles of prescription ("Formulating Remedies"), and medicinal applications ("Using Medicines"). It meticulously categorizes various materia medica, including minerals/jades, herbs/woods, animal products, insects/fish, fruits, vegetables, and grains. The final three sections cover compounding medicines ("Combining Ingredients"), administration methods ("Ingesting Remedies"), and medicinal storage ("Preserving Medicines").

Volumes two and three focus exclusively on gynecology (Furen Fang, "Formulas for Women"), with remarkably detailed content. The opening section presents numerous fertility and conception formulas—such as Seven-Seed Powder and Purple Stone/Ophiopogon Pill—totaling over twenty prescriptions, alongside moxibustion therapies. It even records ancient methods for "transforming a female fetus into male."

Subsequent sections detail treatments for pregnancy-related disorders: Pinellia/Poria Pill and Tangerine Peel Decoction for morning sickness (ezu); over twenty nourishing decoctions like Black Hen Soup and Mugwort Soup for fetal stabilization. The text meticulously documents monthly fetal development characteristics with corresponding nurturing methods (zhuyue yangtai fa, "Month-by-Month Fetal Nourishing Techniques"), along with pregnancy taboos.

Volume three continues with treatments for pregnancy complications, such as Scallion White Decoction and Gelatin/Mugwort Decoction. Particularly exhaustive are the protocols for difficult labor (channan), including Antelope Horn Powder and acupuncture/moxibustion therapies.

These contents reveal classical Chinese medicine's profound engagement with gynecology—establishing a complete diagnostic framework spanning preconception care, gestational health, and delivery management. Many recorded formulas remain clinically relevant today.

This section of Sun Zhenren's Essential Emergency Formulas Worth a Thousand Gold primarily documents various medicinal prescriptions for women's ailments. The text categorizes diseases into distinct classifications, with corresponding treatment formulas listed under each category.

Regarding difficult childbirth and related conditions, the text records five scenarios: fetal death in the womb (with annotations on cases requiring abortion), malpositioned breech birth, retained placenta, and blocked lactation. Each condition is accompanied by specialized prescriptions, such as Achyranthes Decoction (Niuxi Tang) for retained placenta, and Stalactite Decoction (Zhongru Tang) and Rhaponticum Decoction (Loulu Tang) to promote lactation.

The fourth volume focuses specifically on gynecological disorders. Under the entry "Deficiency Damage, Tenth" (Xusun Di Shi), it documents complications like night sweats and includes over twenty nourishing prescriptions, such as Four Harmonizing Center-Regulating Pills (Sishun Lizhong Wan), Peach Kernel Extract (Taoren Jian), and Dendrobium-Rehmannia Extract (Shihu Dihuang Jian). Many of these combine animal-derived ingredients like mutton, pork kidneys, and venison with herbal medicines.

"Deficiency Irritation, Eleventh" (Xufan Di Shiyi) primarily addresses symptoms of heart vexation and qi stagnation, listing nine formulas including Chinese Chive Decoction (Xiebai Tang) and Bamboo Root Decoction (Zhugen Tang), which frequently employ heat-clearing herbs like bamboo shavings and anemarrhena rhizome. "Wind-Stroke, Twelfth" (Zhongfeng Di Shier) covers heart palpitations, documenting over twenty prescriptions such as Great Soybean Purple Decoction (Dadou Zi Tang) and Angelica Purple Decoction (Duhuo Zi Tang), including mineral-based formulas like Five Minerals Decoction (Wu Shi Tang) and Four Minerals Decoction (Si Shi Tang).

"Heart and Abdominal Pain, Thirteenth" (Xinfutong Di Shisan) targets chest and abdominal pain, featuring prescriptions like Sichuan Pepper Decoction (Shujiao Tang) and Great Rock Honey Decoction (Dayanmi Tang). The text specifically notes that many unnamed prescriptions are scattered throughout the various disease categories.

These formulas reflect the systematic Tang Dynasty medical understanding of gynecological disorders, emphasizing pattern differentiation and treatment. They incorporate both botanical ingredients and a significant use of animal tissues and minerals, embodying the era's therapeutic principle of "using form to supplement form" (yi xing bu xing).

This passage primarily documents the medicinal formulas for treating gynecological disorders recorded in Sun Simiao's Essential Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold from the Tang Dynasty. These formulas are systematically categorized according to different conditions, mainly addressing common gynecological issues such as persistent postpartum lochia (postpartum uterine discharge of stagnant blood), diarrhea, and urinary difficulties with thirst.

In the fourteenth category, "Persistent Lochia," formulas are listed for treating postpartum lochia and blood stasis (similar to clotted blood accumulation), such as Rehmannia Decoction (乾地黄汤) and Peach Kernel Decoction (桃仁汤), which predominantly use blood-activating and stasis-resolving herbs. Among these, the Bronze Mirror Nose Decoction (铜镜鼻汤) and Small Bronze Mirror Nose Decoction (小铜镜鼻汤) are particularly unique, possibly containing metallic ingredients.

The fifteenth category, "Diarrhea," compiles formulas for treating diarrhea, such as Gelatin and Wax Decoction (胶蜡汤) and Cinnamon and Honey Decoction (桂蜜汤), often incorporating astringent and antidiarrheal components. Pills like Donkey-Hide Gelatin Pills (阿胶圆) and Dragon Bone Pills (龙骨圆) were convenient for long-term use in regulating the body.

The sixteenth category, "Urinary Difficulties and Thirst," addresses symptoms of dysuria and excessive thirst, utilizing diuretic herbs like trichosanthes root (栝楼) and chicken gizzard lining (鸡内金). Formulas such as Bamboo Leaf Decoction (竹叶汤) remain in clinical use in traditional Chinese medicine today.

Finally, the seventeenth category, "Miscellaneous Treatments," and the eighteenth, "Tonification," include various regulating formulas, ranging from therapeutic ones like Pinellia and Magnolia Bark Decoction (半夏厚朴汤) to nourishing preparations like Acanthopanax Wine (五加酒) and Amethyst and Arborvitae Seed Pills (紫石英柏子仁圆). Among these, the Great Five-Mineral and Lycopus Pills (大五石泽兰圆) contain multiple mineral-based medicines, reflecting the Tang Dynasty physicians' expertise in using metallic and mineral ingredients.

Most of these formulas are named directly after their primary herbs, with meticulous combinations, demonstrating that gynecological treatment had already developed into a comprehensive system by the Tang Dynasty. Sun Simiao placed particular emphasis on women's health, dedicating three volumes specifically to "Women's Formulas" in Essential Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold, pioneering specialized gynecological treatment.

This is a compilation of the gynecological and pediatric sections from the table of contents of Sun Zhenren Beiji Qianjin Yaofang (Essential Emergency Formulas Worth a Thousand Gold by the Sage Sun). It primarily records various medicinal formulas collected by Tang dynasty physician Sun Simiao, systematically categorized by disease type.

The gynecological section covers three main conditions: First, formulas for treating irregular menstruation, amenorrhea, and related abdominal masses (known as "zhengjia"), including over twenty prescriptions such as Taoren Tang (Peach Kernel Decoction), Ganjiang Wan (Dried Ginger Pill), and Ganqi Tang (Dried Lacquer Decoction). Second, nearly twenty formulas addressing abnormal vaginal discharge and uterine bleeding (termed "benglou"), including Bai'e Wan (White Clay Pill) and Baishizhi Wan (Halloysite Pill). Lastly, over ten menstrual cycle-regulating formulas like Dahuang Puxiao Tang (Rhubarb and Mirabilite Decoction) and Yangqishi Tang (Actinolite Decoction). Most formulas are named after their primary ingredients, with some noting their origins (e.g., "Liaodong Duwei Suo Shang Wan" - Pill Submitted by the Liaodong Commandant) or special preparation methods (e.g., "Huzhang Jian" - Giant Knotweed Extract).

The pediatric section begins in Chapter 8, first outlining fundamental childcare principles ("preface and guidelines"), including criteria for selecting wet nurses. Chapter 9 details twelve neonatal care methods: oral cleansing, umbilical cord treatment, swaddling techniques, etc., accompanied by specialized pediatric formulas like Zi Yuan (Purple Round Pill) and Hei San (Black Powder).

These formula names exemplify Tang medical characteristics: 1) meticulous symptom-based classification, 2) frequent use of compound formulas combining minerals (e.g., mica), animal products (e.g., ox horn) and botanicals, and 3) emphasis on practical efficacy rather than elegant nomenclature. The parenthetical note "scattered within this category" indicates the original text contains additional unlisted formulas dispersed throughout these disease classifications.

This records the pediatric treatment formulas cataloged in Sun Simiao's Essential Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold from the Tang Dynasty. This medical text pays special attention to diagnosis and treatment methods for infant and childhood diseases, primarily comprising the following sections:

Volume 10 focuses specifically on treatment protocols for pediatric disorders. It includes formulas for convulsions and epilepsy, such as decoctions made from gentian root, rhubarb soup, and medicinal broth prepared with white lamb's flesh, along with modified versions of Life-Prolonging Decoction. The text also records common formulas like Gypsum Decoction and Cinnamon Twig Decoction, ointments made from red sage and crimson minerals, as well as a licorice massage balm compounded from five medicinal ingredients. The section concludes with detailed documentation of twenty-three moxibustion therapies.

Volume 11 primarily treats childhood fright disorders and sudden syncope. It features powdered preparations made from ground pig trotter bones, medicinal ash from burnt hair, and unconventional therapies like bathing in water boiled with horse or pig dung. Additionally, it includes incantation therapies, Dictamnus Root Bark Decoction, Dragon Horn Pills, along with common formulas like Chuanxiong Powder and Qianhu Pills.

Volume 12 concentrates on treating pediatric cough symptoms. It documents antitussive formulas such as bamboo sap decoctions, aster root soup, and schisandra berry broth, alongside specialized medications like belamcanda decoction and apricot kernel pills. Notably highlighted are eight-ingredient ginger decoctions and four-component coltsfoot pills—all targeted formulations for different cough patterns.

Most formulas combine standard medicinal herbs like calamus, cinnamon twigs, and ephedra. The annotations "decoction," "powder," or "pill" following each prescription indicate different preparation methods. The text specially notes that unnamed formulas are distributed within relevant disease categories.

This passage primarily documents the medicinal formulas cataloged in several chapters of the ancient medical text Essential Emergency Formulas Worth a Thousand Gold Pieces by the Immortal Master Sun. These prescriptions are organized by disease categories for treating various ailments.

The "Abdominal Masses and Distension" section records formulas for treating abdominal lumps and bloating, including over ten kinds of pills and decoctions such as Double Purple Pills and Bezoar Pills, along with treatments for cholera. Some formulas have alternative names, like Angelica Pills being also called Black Pills.

The pediatric diseases chapter contains prescriptions for childhood ailments like abscesses, scrofula (lymph node tuberculosis), and erysipelas, featuring decoctions such as Rhaponticum Decoction and Five-Spice Forsythia Decoction, as well as topical medications like Mercury Ointment. Moxibustion treatments are specifically mentioned.

The miscellaneous childhood illnesses section details formulas for common pediatric conditions including umbilical disorders, oral/throat diseases, with prescriptions like White Halloysite Powder and Sparrow Droppings Pills. It also addresses developmental issues like speech or walking delays.

Finally, the eye diseases chapter of the "Seven Orifices Disorders" records liver-nourishing and vision-improving formulas like Liver-Tonifying Pills and Liver-Clearing Decoction, featuring both oral preparations and external washes. Each condition begins with theoretical explanations before listing specific formulas.

Most formula names directly reflect their main ingredients or functions, with preparation forms including pills, powders, ointments, and decoctions, showcasing characteristic TCM approaches to different conditions. Many ingredients like bezoar and turtle shell remain in common use today.

This is the section on treating disorders of the seven orifices from Sun Zhenren's Essential Emergency Formulas Worth a Thousand Gold. The text meticulously records medicinal formulas and therapies for diseases affecting the eyes, nose, mouth, tongue, lips, teeth, throat, ears, and face.

For eye diseases, treatments include Eye-Washing Decoction, Wind-Dispersing Powder, Lactis Decoction, and Pearl Powder, along with incantation therapies and twenty-eight moxibustion techniques. Nasal ailments are addressed with formulas like Fragrant Ointment, Rice-Paper Plant Powder, Lamb Lung Powder, and Fresh Rehmannia Decoction, supplemented by six moxibustion methods.

Oral disorders are treated with Cimicifuga Decoction, Wild Rose Pill, Licorice Pill, Five-Fragrance Pill, and Fragrant-Containing Pill, accompanied by nine recipes for perfuming garments. Tongue ailments primarily use Cimicifuga Decoction, while lip conditions are treated with external applications like Spleen-Moistening Ointment, Shellac Lip Balm, and Shellac Mouth Balm.

Dental diseases employ mouth-rinsing decoctions such as Gargling Decoction. Throat disorders are managed with Minor Life-Prolonging Decoction, Black Fan Ointment, Mother Ginger Wine, and combined acupuncture-moxibustion therapy. Ear ailments use Red Ointment, while facial conditions feature a variety of cosmetic formulas like Five-Fragrance Powder, Face Cream, Jade Dust Face Ointment, as well as special preparations such as Pig Trotters Decoction and Deer Antler Powder.

The text notes that beyond these named formulas, unnamed prescriptions are scattered throughout the chapters on specific disorders. Each condition typically includes internal medicines, external applications, and moxibustion, reflecting the traditional Chinese medical principle of "treating both internal and external aspects." Most formulas employ common herbs like cimicifuga, licorice, and rehmannia, combined with unique therapies such as incantations and acupuncture, forming a comprehensive treatment system.

These volumes of Essential Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold for Emergencies by the Eminent Sun [Simiao] primarily document medicinal formulas for treating "wind-toxin foot qi" (an ancient term referring to lower limb swelling, pain, and paralysis caused by pathogenic wind-dampness). The text systematically categorizes various prescriptions by their preparation forms:

The wind-toxin foot qi treatments include multiple formulations: Pills (wan) such as Peach Blossom Pills and White Melon Seed Pills; ointments like White Ointment and Gardenia Pills. Some unnamed prescriptions are scattered throughout different symptom categories.

Volume 22 provides detailed analysis of wind-toxin symptoms across sixteen chapters, examining clinical manifestations, pulse characteristics, differentiation of cold/heat and deficiency/excess patterns, presence of swelling, along with moxibustion therapies and medication protocols.

Volume 23 compiles over twenty decoction (tang) formulas for wind-toxin foot qi, including Bamboo Sap Decoction, Major Bamboo Sap Decoction, and Ephedra Decoction—many existing in "major" and "minor" dosage variants. Specialized formulas target specific symptoms, such as Turtle Shell Decoction for foot qi swelling/pain and Wind-Dispersing Decoction for activating meridians.

Volume 24 focuses on powdered preparations (san) and medicinal wines. Powder formulas include Eight-Winds Powder and Dendrobium-Qinjiao Powder, while wine preparations feature over ten recipes like Dendrobium Wine, Black Sesame Wine, and Tiger Bone Wine. The section concludes with topical ointments such as Divine Clarity White Ointment and Marquis Wei's Green Ointment.

Most formulas derive their names from primary ingredients, with some prescriptions offering "major" and "minor" dosage variants for symptom severity. Anonymous formulas are explicitly marked for practitioners' reference.

This section primarily documents the catalog of prescriptions for treating various wind disorders from Sun Simiao's (the Realized Master Sun) Essential Formulas for Emergencies Worth a Thousand Gold. In Chinese medicine, "wind disorders" refer to illnesses caused by pathogenic wind, including stroke, rheumatism, paralysis, and similar conditions.

First listed are several external ointments: Wild Kudzu Ointment, Chen Yuan Ointment, and Pei Gong's Eight-Toxin Ointment, all used for topical application in treatment.

Beginning from Chapter 25, the text systematically details prescriptions for various wind syndromes:

The first category covers "miscellaneous wind manifestations," including bi syndrome (joint pain and numbness), convulsive disorders (muscle spasms), and others, totaling 26 chapters. Key prescriptions include Minor Life-Prolonging Decoction, Major Life-Prolonging Decoction, and similar life-extending formulas, along with wind-expelling remedies like Wind-Dispersing Decoction and Eight-Wind Powder. Additional formulas include Aconite Decoction and Rehmannia Extract. The section also records multiple medicinal wines such as Golden Teeth Wine and Horse Infusion Wine, plus forty moxibustion techniques.

Chapter 26 specifically addresses "thief wind" (suddenly invading pathogenic wind) and li-jie wind (similar to gout). It contains internal decoctions like Cinnamon Wine and Great Heart-Settling Decoction, medicinal wines such as Side Aconite Wine and Vitex Juice Decoction, along with six moxibustion methods. Special mention is made of the "Source-Based Ephedra" formula and its multiple variations.

Chapter 27 focuses on "hemiplegic wind" (paralysis) and lumbar/leg pain symptoms. It documents formulas like Ledebouriella Decoction and Kudzu Root Decoction, wind-dampness expelling prescriptions such as Du Huo Ji Sheng Decoction, and medicinal wines like Eucommia Wine, plus five acupuncture and moxibustion therapies.

Finally, the text briefly mentions treatments for "wind apoplexy" (post-stroke aphasia or paralysis) without elaborating on specific prescriptions.

Among these formulas, some are marked with "second variation" or "third variation," indicating different modifications of the same primary prescription. The note "unnamed formulas are scattered throughout this category" refers to additional unnamed prescriptions dispersed within the section. Collectively, these demonstrate the diverse Tang Dynasty medical approaches to wind disorders, encompassing decoctions, medicinal wines, topical applications, and acupuncture-moxibustion therapies.

This passage is an excerpt from the table of contents of Sun Simiao's Essential Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold for Emergencies from the Tang Dynasty, documenting the various medicinal formulas and therapies for treating different diseases in this medical compendium.

Volume 28 primarily records formulas for treating various "wind" disorders (in Chinese medicine, diseases caused by external pathogens). The section on wind-stroke (symptoms resembling stroke, including slurred speech and facial paralysis) includes six decoction formulas such as Duhuo Tang (Angelica Pubescens Decoction) and Shinan Tang (Photinia Decoction), as well as acupuncture therapies. The section on opisthotonos (muscle rigidity resembling a drawn bow) features three powdered formulas like Canggong Danggui Tang (Master Cang's Angelica Sinensis Decoction). For wind-bi syndrome (joint pain and numbness), five medicinal wines and powdered formulas, such as Tiejing Tang (Iron Essence Decoction), are documented.

Volume 29 begins with formulas for treating cold damage disorders (externally contracted febrile diseases). The section on cold damage patterns includes three treatises. The epidemic prevention section meticulously records multiple preventive formulas: Suidan Tusu Jiu (New Year’s Epidemic-Preventing Medicinal Wine), Taiyi Liujin San (Great Unity Flowing Gold Powder), and eight other powdered and pill formulas, including Xionghuang San (Realgar Powder) and Hutou Shagui Wan (Tiger Head Demon-Slaying Pills), all used to ward off epidemics and dispel impurities.

Volume 30 continues with cold damage treatment formulas. The section on cold damage ointments includes green, yellow, and white medicinal pastes. The diaphoretic powders section lists ten sweat-inducing powdered formulas, including classic prescriptions like Wuling San (Five-Ingredient Powder with Poria) and Huatuo Chi San (Hua Tuo’s Red Powder). The diaphoretic decoctions section records seven formulas, such as the renowned Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction) and Mahuang Tang (Ephedra Decoction), both used to release the exterior and induce sweating.

Annotations in parentheses indicate that additional unnamed formulas under these categories are scattered throughout related chapters. "Three/treatises" denotes three essays, while "two/variants" refers to two formula variations. These prescriptions encompass decoctions, powders, pills, medicinal wines, and pastes, reflecting the rich diversity of Tang Dynasty medical knowledge.

This passage primarily documents the catalog of medicinal formulas for treating cold damage disorders (shanghan) from Sun Simiao's Essential Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold for Emergencies (Beiji Qianjin Yaofang) of the Tang Dynasty. The text systematically classifies various decoctions and pills according to different treatment methods and symptoms.

In scroll thirty-one, it first records diaphoretic formulas including major Blue Dragon Decoction (Da Qinglong Tang), Yin Dawn Decoction (Yindan Tang), and Yang Dawn Decoction (Yangdan Tang), along with pill preparations like Wheat Slave Pill (Mainu Wan) and Divine Elixir Pill (Shendan Wan). Next come emetic formulas such as Melon Pedicel Powder (Guadi San) and Water-Guiding Powder (Shuidao San), followed by purgative formulas including major Qi-Bearing Decoction (Da Chengqi Tang) and Resistance Pill (Didang Wan). The scroll concludes with recuperative formulas for post-treatment care, such as Bamboo Leaf Decoction (Zhuye Tang) and minor Blue Dragon Decoction (Xiao Qinglong Tang).

Scroll thirty-two focuses on complications arising from cold damage disorders, listing targeted formulas like Sophora Decoction (Kushen Tang), Frozen Snow Decoction (Ningxue Tang), and Trichosanthes Fruit Decoction (Gualou Tang) for symptoms including heat toxins, vomiting, limb swelling, rashes, nosebleeds, throat swelling, bitter dry mouth, diarrhea, and night sweats.

Scroll thirty-three specifically documents convalescent formulas for post-recovery care, including treatments for relapse due to overexertion (laofu) and cross-infection between genders after illness (yinyang yi).

Notably, some formulas mentioned lack specific names and are scattered under various symptom categories. These unnamed prescriptions are mostly titled after their primary ingredients, reflecting the ancient Chinese medical practice of "naming formulas by their chief herbs." The annotations following each formula—"wan" (pill), "tang" (decoction), and "san" (powder)—indicate their respective pharmaceutical forms.

This passage documents portions of the catalog and medicinal classifications from Essential Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold for Emergencies (Beiji Qianjin Yaofang), compiled by the ancient physician Sun Simiao (known as the Perfected Lord Sun). The text systematically organizes various diseases with corresponding prescriptions, including numerous remedies for cold damage disorders and malaria.

The dietary prohibitions section mentions nine entries such as "Yellow Dragon Decoction" (Huanglong Tang) and lists specific formulas like Immature Bitter Orange and Gardenia Decoction (Zhishi Zhizi Tang) and Ophiopogon Decoction (Maimendong Tang). For lily bulb-related disorders, it records two treatises and four specific prescriptions, including Lily Bulb and Anemarrhena Decoction (Baihe Zhimu Tang) and Lily Bulb with Talc and Hematite Decoction (Baihe Huashi Daizhe Tang).

Volume 34 focuses specifically on cold damage prescriptions, covering cases where unresolved cold damage transforms into fox-illusion disorder (huhuo bing). It lists formulas like Red Bean and Angelica Powder (Chixiaodou Danggui San) and Heart-Draining Decoction (Xiexin Tang). For cold damage with jaundice symptoms, it details five diagnostic patterns and over twenty corresponding remedies, including Astragalus, Peony, and Cinnamon Wine Decoction (Huangqi Shaoyao Guijiu Tang) and Cinnamon and Astragalus Decoction (Guizhi Huangqi Tang), accompanied by three acupuncture-moxibustion charts.

Volume 35 continues with cold damage prescriptions, particularly addressing warm malaria disorders. It includes over ten formulas such as Turtle Shell Decoction (Biejia Jian) and Bupleurum and Trichosanthes Root Decoction (Chaihu Gualougen Tang), alongside nineteen needling and moxibustion techniques, one malaria exorcism ritual, and two malaria-treating talismanic incantations (fulu). The volume concludes with specialized diagnostic criteria for stream toxin syndromes.

These contents reflect traditional Chinese medicine's meticulous disease classification and diverse therapeutic approaches—ranging from internal decoctions to external acupuncture, even incorporating Daoist medical elements like incantations. The notation "scattered within this category" indicates related prescriptions are distributed across other sections of similar disorders.

This is the table of contents for Essential Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold Pieces by the Eminent Sun, documenting the volume classifications and main contents of this important medical text. The catalog reveals that this medical work is primarily organized according to the classification of human organs, with detailed records of discussions on various diseases and their treatment methods.

From the catalog, we can see that volumes 36 to 38 mainly discuss diseases related to the liver and gallbladder. Volume 36, the "Liver" section, contains five categories of content: first, it discusses the theory of liver pulse diagnosis; then, it differentiates between liver deficiency and excess syndromes (including discussions on combined deficiency and excess of the liver and gallbladder), recording twelve prescriptions such as Bamboo Sap Heat-Draining Decoction and Qianhu Decoction, along with moxibustion methods. This is followed by discussions on liver exhaustion syndromes, documenting prescriptions like Pig Fat Wine and Tiger Bone Wine. Volume 37 continues the discussion on liver diseases, including tendon exhaustion syndromes (with tendon deficiency and excess), hard masses and accumulations, etc., compiling over twenty prescriptions such as Tangerine Peel Qi-Circulating Decoction and Danshen Powder, along with seven moxibustion methods.

Volume 38 begins the discussion on the "Gallbladder," containing seven categories of content: first, it examines gallbladder pulse diagnosis theory; then, it differentiates between gallbladder deficiency and excess syndromes (including symptoms of restlessness and insomnia), recording six prescriptions such as Pinellia Decoction and Gallbladder-Warming Decoction, along with two moxibustion methods. Finally, it discusses throat disorders.

The catalog frequently mentions "unnamed prescriptions scattered throughout their respective categories," indicating that the book also includes many unnamed prescriptions dispersed across various sections. This organizational method—classifying by organs and combining disease patterns with treatments—reflects the traditional Chinese medical characteristic of "pattern differentiation and treatment determination."

This section of Sun Zhenren's Essential Thousand Gold Formulary for Emergencies primarily documents medicinal prescriptions and therapies for various diseases, systematically organized according to afflictions and internal organs.

For treating marrow deficiency and excess, it first presents theoretical discussions, followed by multiple marrow-nourishing formulas such as Qianghuo Marrow-Tonifying Pills and Chaihu Heat-Dispersing Decoction. For wind-deficiency symptoms, it records various medicinal wines and decoctions, including Morinda Wine (with two variants), Acanthopanax Wine, and Asparagus Macro-Decoction. Bone-strengthening formulas like Myriad-Gold Bone-Filling Decoction, Small Deer Bone Decoction, and Rehmannia Micro-Decoction are listed, alongside nourishing preparations such as Lukang Paste and Lycium Berry Decoction.

The section on hematemesis begins with theoretical explanations, then details hemostatic formulas like Yellow Earth Decoction (two variants) and Fresh Rehmannia Decoction, along with regulating agents such as Firm-Middle Decoction and Lycopus Decoction. Notably, it specifies Rhinoceros Horn-Rehmannia Decoction for blood-heat syndromes, Tangkuei Decoction for regulating blood-Qi (vital energy), and Ophiopogon Decoction for nourishing Yin. The section concludes with fifteen moxibustion techniques for treating hematemesis.

For gallbladder disorders, emphasis is placed on prepared medicines like Myriad-Disease Pills and Powder, including famous formulas such as Daphne Powder and Jivaka's Myriad-Disease Pills. Emergency preparations like Three-Ingredient Emergency Pills and alchemical elixirs such as Supreme Divine Essence Elixir are documented, with detailed instructions for crafting earthen crucibles and Six-Yi Clay. Golden Tooth Powder appears in two variants (major and minor) for different symptoms.

Cardiac conditions are categorized systematically. The "Heart Pulse Discourse" first elaborates on pulse theory across fifty entries. For heart deficiency, treatments combining heart and small intestine deficiency are appended, listing formulas like Gypsum Decoction and Heart-Draining Decoction (two variants), alongside Shen-calming agents such as Bamboo Sap Decoction and Poria Spirit Powder. Special mention is made of Ox Marrow Pills for greatly supplementing heart-Qi, multiple heart-tonifying decoctions, and moxibustion techniques.

Heart exhaustion is treated separately with Rhubarb Heat-Draining Decoction. For pulse extremity syndromes, Fresh Rehmannia Decoction is primarily prescribed, supplemented by two moxibustion methods. This section extends through Chapter 42, systematically recording diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for heart-related disorders.

This section of Essential Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold for Emergencies by the Venerable Sun primarily documents ancient Chinese medical formulas and therapies for various diseases. Here is a simplified explanation:

On Pulse Conditions of Deficiency and Excess (Part 5):

It records formulas like Fangfeng Wan (Saposhnikovia Pill), Shengma Tang (Cimicifuga Decoction), and Mahuang Tang (Ephedra Decoction), along with corresponding acupuncture and moxibustion therapies. Each condition has specialized prescriptions—for instance, treating heart and abdominal pain (Part 6) includes nine decoctions like Jiu Tong Wan (Nine Pains Pill), Guixin Sanwu Tang (Cinnamon Three-Substance Decoction), and Wutou Wan (Aconite Pill), as well as six angelica-based decoctions like Wenzhong Danggui Tang (Center-Warming Angelica Decoction) and Yangrou Danggui Tang (Mutton Angelica Decoction). It also documents fuming and steaming therapies alongside twenty-five acupuncture methods.

Chest Obstruction (Part 7):

Contains twelve formulas such as Zhishi Xiebai Guizhi Tang (Immature Bitter Orange, Allium, and Cinnamon Twig Decoction) and Gualou Tang (Trichosanthes Fruit Decoction), along with five moxibustion techniques. Most formulas are named after their herbal combinations—for example, Xixin San (Asarum Powder) uses asarum as the primary herb, while Shujiao San (Sichuan Pepper Powder) features Sichuan pepper as the main ingredient.

Head and Facial Wind Syndromes (Part 8):

Details various therapies for dizziness, facial paralysis, white hair, and baldness. These include internal formulas like Xiongqiong Jiu (Ligusticum Wine) and Fangfeng Tang (Saposhnikovia Decoction), as well as topical applications like Motou San (Head-Rubbing Powder) and Shengfa Gao (Hair-Growth Ointment). Notably, it records eight hair-washing formulas (Mutou Tang) and five hair-growth ointment recipes, even including a special "White Hair Plucking Day" therapy to restore black hair.

Small Intestine Viscera (Chapter 43):

First discusses pulse theory related to the small intestine, then documents formulas like Chaihu Zexie Tang (Bupleurum and Alisma Decoction) and Dahuang Wan (Rhubarb Pill) for treating small intestine deficiency and excess, accompanied by three moxibustion methods.

Overall, this section systematically compiles the clinical experience of the renowned Tang dynasty physician Sun Simiao, offering diverse treatment options for various ailments—ranging from internal decoctions to topical ointments and powders, as well as physical therapies like acupuncture, moxibustion, and fuming. Multiple alternative formulas are listed for each condition, reflecting the TCM principle of "treating the same disease with different methods" based on pattern differentiation. Formula names often directly indicate their main ingredients—for example, "Guixin Sanwu Tang" consists of cinnamon twigs and two other herbs.

The Essential Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold for Emergencies by Sun Simiao contains comprehensive medical formulas and therapies for various diseases. The text systematically categorizes treatments according to internal organs, detailing decoctions, pills, acupuncture, and moxibustion methods tailored to specific symptoms.

For tongue-related ailments, the text lists multiple formulas including Life-Prolonging Decoction (Xuming Tang), Stephania and Rehmannia Decoction (Fangji Dihuang Tang), and Dioscorea Decoction (Shuyu Tang). Notably, dioscorea (commonly known as Chinese yam) appears frequently, highlighting its significance in classical Chinese medicine. Supplementary therapies like moxibustion and dietary restrictions are also recorded.

In the section on small intestine disorders, particular attention is given to treating wind epilepsy (fengdian), a condition resembling seizures. Remedies include pill formulas such as Tiger’s Eye Pill (Hujing Wan) and Realgar Pill (Xionghuang Wan), as well as Life-Prolonging Wind-Dispersing Decoction (Xuming Fengyin Tang). Detailed acupuncture techniques are provided, covering 14 needling points and 45 moxibustion methods. Unique treatments include medicinal wine infused with asparagus root (tianmendong) and a decoction incorporating alligator scales (tuojia).

For symptoms of wind deficiency with palpitations (fengxu jingji)—restlessness due to bodily weakness—the text prescribes calming formulas like Polygala Decoction (Yuanzhi Tang) and Poria Spirit-Calming Decoction (Fushen Tang), available in varying potencies (Great Heart-Settling Decoction and Minor Heart-Settling Decoction). A medicinal wine infused with amethyst quartz (zi shiying) is also documented.

To address forgetfulness, unconventional preparations such as Pillow Formula (Zhenzhong Fang) and Mind-Opening Powder (Kaixin San) are recommended. The Acorus Wisdom-Enhancing Pill (Changpu Yizhi Wan) underscores the herb’s role in improving memory.

The spleen-focused section begins with an analysis of spleen pulse patterns, followed by treatments for spleen deficiency. Heat-clearing formulas like Heat-Draining Decoction (Xiere Tang) and Rhubarb Heat-Draining Decoction (Dahuang Xiere Tang) are listed, alongside qi-regulating agents such as Betel Nut Powder (Binglang San). Of special interest is the Belamcanda Extract (Shegan Jian), which isolates belamcanda rhizome (shegan) as a key herb for detoxifying heat-toxins.

This section primarily documents various medicinal formulas and therapies for treating spleen and stomach disorders from Sun Simiao's Essential Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold (Qianjin Yaofang) of the Tang Dynasty. The text categorizes diseases systematically, presenting numerous specific herbal prescriptions and treatment methods.

For spleen exhaustion (spleen dysfunction), it mentions warming formulas like Wenpi Pills, Madou Powder, and Baizhu Powder, along with moxibustion therapies. The section on extreme muscular depletion (severe muscle weakness) includes wind-dispelling decoctions such as Jiefengbi Decoction and Xizhou Xuming Decoction, as well as medicinal wines like Huangqi Wine.

Regarding spleen deficiency and excess regulation, the text records formulas including Wujia Wine and Banxia Decoction. The constipation and incontinence chapter details laxative prescriptions like Maziren Pills and Sanhuang Decoction, supplemented with fifteen moxibustion techniques.

For treating heat-type dysentery, the book lists fever-clearing formulas such as Kushen Jupi Pills, Longgu Pills, and Baitouweng Decoction, accompanied by eleven moxibustion methods. The cold-type dysentery section contains spleen-warming formulas like Wenpi Decoction and Jianpi Pills, along with yang-warming diarrhea-stopping prescriptions including Taohua Decoction and Fuzi Decoction.

Most formulas combine multiple herbs in various preparations—pills, powders, decoctions, and medicinal wines—often paired with moxibustion therapy. Each condition begins with theoretical discussion followed by specific treatments, exemplifying traditional Chinese medicine's characteristic pattern differentiation and treatment approach.

The Essential Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold for Emergencies by Master Sun contains significant material on treating spleen and stomach disorders. Volume 51 addresses spleen-related conditions, while volumes 52-53 focus on stomach ailments.

The "Spleen Organ" section in Volume 51 first documents treatments for childhood malnutrition diarrhea (similar to modern nutritional deficiency diarrhea) and angular cheilitis (mouth corner erosion). It records formulas like the Eight-Ingredient Rubia Root Decoction, along with over ten other prescriptions including Warming the Middle Decoction and Rhubarb Decoction for pediatric dysentery, encompassing both liquid decoctions and pill preparations.

The "Stomach Organ" section in Volume 52 begins by analyzing stomach pulse characteristics before detailing treatments for deficiency and excess stomach conditions. These include Stomach-Tonifying Decoction, Ginseng Powder and other herbal formulas combined with moxibustion therapies. Subsequent sections cover throat disorders, regurgitation (similar to modern GERD), vomiting, hiccups and related conditions, listing over twenty formulas like Major Pinellia Decoction and Hogfennel Decoction alongside fifteen moxibustion techniques.

Volume 53 continues stomach disease treatments, documenting therapies for dysphagia, abdominal distension and similar conditions through formulas like Five-Hiccups Pill, Bamboo Shavings Decoction and Stomach-Warming Decoction. The frequent notation "remaining unnamed formulas are scattered throughout this category" indicates numerous unnamed prescriptions distributed across related sections.

These materials reflect Tang Dynasty medicine's systematic understanding of digestive disorders, employing primarily herbal formulas supplemented by external therapies like moxibustion. Each condition begins with pathological analysis before presenting specific treatments, exemplifying traditional medicine's characteristic "pattern differentiation and treatment determination" approach.

This is an excerpt from the table of contents of Sun Simiao's Essential Formulas Worth a Thousand Gold Pieces from the Tang Dynasty, which records prescriptions and therapies for various diseases. The book categorizes illnesses according to the zang-fu organs, with this section focusing primarily on treatments for lung-related disorders.

In the section on "stubborn cold and accumulated heat," it lists formulas for treating persistent cold syndromes and heat syndromes, such as Evodia Decoction (Wuzhuyu Tang) and Cinnamon Major Decoction (Dagui Tang), along with moxibustion therapies. Special mention is made of appended prescriptions for two conditions: "cold hernia" (scrotal cold pain) and "bone steaming" (yin deficiency fever).

The treatment of lung diseases is divided into several categories: first, it discusses key diagnostic points for lung pulse patterns, followed by distinguishing between deficiency and excess syndromes in the lungs. It records formulas such as Tangerine Peel Decoction (Jupi Tang) and Lung-Draining Powder (Xiefei San), as well as lung-tonifying decoctions prepared with ghee, honey, and wine. For "lung exhaustion" (a consumptive disease resembling tuberculosis), it recommends Ephedra Qi-Directing Decoction (Mahuang Yinqi Tang) and Pinellia Decoction (Banxia Tang), among others.

The "extreme qi" section addresses severe symptoms of qi deficiency or qi excess, documenting formulas such as Stalactite Powder (Zhongru San) and Astragalus Decoction (Huangqi Tang). Among these, the name "Great Night-Dew Pill" (Dalu Su Wan) is particularly intriguing—it may refer to a pill that must be prepared in an open-air environment. Finally, the "accumulated qi" section includes prescriptions for treating qi stagnation, diaphragmatic spasms, and similar conditions, such as Seven-Qi Pill (Qiqi Wan) and Five-Diaphragm Pill (Wuge Wan), along with a unique therapy involving decocted garlic.

Most of these formula names directly reflect either the primary medicinal ingredient or the intended effect—for example, "Bamboo Leaf Decoction" (Zhuye Tang) is primarily made of bamboo leaves, while "Lung-Tonifying Decoction" (Bufei Tang) is specifically for replenishing lung qi. The text also pays particular attention to differentiating between patterns; the same disease may be treated with different formulas depending on whether it manifests as deficiency or excess, cold or heat.

This section from Sun Simiao's Essential Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold for Emergencies (Tang Dynasty) presents a formulary for treating lung and large intestine disorders. The text documents numerous herbal prescriptions and moxibustion therapies (treatment involving burning mugwort near acupuncture points) for respiratory ailments.

The lung disease treatments include formulas for conditions resembling modern pulmonary fibrosis ("lung wilting") and lung abscess ("lung carbuncle"). Examples include Licorice and Dried Ginger Decoction for warming and supplementing lung Qi (vital energy), Platycodon Decoction for expelling pus and detoxification, and Minor Bluegreen Dragon Decoction for cold-type coughs. There are also specialized formulas for sudden epidemic diseases like "flying corpse ghost infestations," including Five Infusions Decoction and Centipede Decoction, which primarily contain detoxifying herbs.

The large intestine section records formulas for intestinal regulation. Ginger Rhizome Drain-the-Intestines Decoction addresses diarrhea, while Coptis Supplementation Decoction treats intestinal heat. The cough treatment formulas are particularly extensive, featuring the cold-dispersing Minor Bluegreen Dragon Decoction, lung-moistening Ophiopogon Decoction, and phlegm-expelling Ten Jujubes Decoction, each targeting different symptom patterns.

For every condition, the text first discusses pathology before listing treatments, incorporating both internal decoctions and external moxibustion. These formula combinations exemplify Chinese medicine's characteristic "pattern differentiation and treatment" approach, employing distinct herb pairings for specific symptom presentations. Most formula names directly reference their primary ingredients, such as "White Quartz Powder" where the mineral white quartz serves as the chief herb.

This is the catalog of medicinal formulas for treating various diseases from Sun Zhenren Beiji Qianjin Yaofang (Essential Formulas for Emergencies Worth a Thousand Gold by the Sage Sun). The content is primarily divided into several sections:

First are the formulas for treating throat and respiratory conditions, including Xingren Jian (Apricot Kernel Decoction), Tongsheng Gao (Voice-Restoring Paste), and Suzi Jian (Perilla Seed Decoction), as well as decoctions prepared with herbs like coltsfoot flower and schisandra. Among these, Zhongru Qixing San (Seven-Star Powder with Stalactite) is a powdered formula combining stalactite with six other ingredients. The section also mentions fumigation therapies and moxibustion treatments.

Next is the chapter on treating large intestine disorders, focusing primarily on phlegm-fluid symptoms. It begins with theoretical discussions, followed by over twenty decoction formulas such as Xiao Banxia Tang (Minor Pinellia Decoction) and Shizao Tang (Ten-Jujube Decoction). Most feature phlegm-resolving herbs like pinellia and poria, concluding with moxibustion techniques.

The section on parasitic diseases records insecticidal formulas like Miwu Wan (Ligusticum Pill) and Jiangmi Tang (Ginger-Honey Decoction), particularly highlighting Xionghuang Duisan (Realgar Counteractive Powder) prepared with realgar and other herbs, along with fumigation therapies.

Finally, the chapter on kidney disorders includes theories on kidney pulse diagnosis and treatments for kidney deficiency syndromes. It documents formulas such as Xie Shen Tang (Kidney-Draining Decoction) and decoctions for kidney exhaustion prepared with gardenia and ephedra root, again accompanied by moxibustion methods.

Most formulas are named after their herbal combinations—for instance, "Shizao Tang" refers to a decoction prepared with ten jujubes, while "Xiao Banxia Tang" indicates a small-dose formula featuring pinellia as the primary ingredient. Treatment methods encompass internal decoctions, external powders, fumigation, and moxibustion—demonstrating a comprehensive therapeutic approach.

This portion of Sun Zhenren's Beiji Qianjin Yaofang (Essential Emergency Formulas Worth a Thousand Gold by the True Man Sun) primarily documents medicinal formulas and therapies for kidney-related disorders. The content is organized by disease classification, with each condition first explained theoretically before presenting specific prescriptions.

For treating "Jing exhaustion" (extreme depletion of kidney essence), it records formulas like Bamboo Leaf and Scutellaria Decoction (Zhuye Huangqin Tang) and Spine Date Seed Pill (Jici Wan), along with broth prepared from sheep bones and twelve moxibustion therapies. Other unnamed prescriptions are scattered throughout related categories.

For "bone exhaustion" (severe bone strain) symptoms, it mainly recommends Three-Yellow Decoction (Sanhuang Tang) and a moxibustion method. "Bone deficiency-excess" (imbalance in bone strength) is treated with tiger bone wine combined with moxibustion.

The section on lower back pain details seven formulas including Eucommia Wine (Duzhong Jiu) and Kidney-Settling Decoction (Shenzhuo Tang), along with Daoyin techniques (Qi-cultivation exercises similar to Qigong) and acupuncture therapies.

Volume 60 focuses entirely on kidney-tonifying formulas, including different dosages of Major Center-Fortifying Decoction (Da Jianzhong Tang) and Minor Center-Fortifying Decoction (Xiao Jianzhong Tang), as well as restorative formulas like Astragalus Decoction (Huangqi Tang) and Ginseng Decoction (Renshen Tang). Particularly noteworthy are "Kidney Simmering Decoction" (Shenli Tang, prepared with animal kidneys) and its modified versions, along with special mineral-based preparations using stalactite and magnetite.

Volume 61 continues documenting various kidney-tonifying formulas, such as Yam Pill (Shuyu Wan) and Eight-Ingredient Kidney Qi Pill (Bawei Shenqi Wan), plus nourishing pills prepared with deer antler and Cistanche deserticola. It concludes with another moxibustion method and unspecified prescriptions.

These records reflect Tang Dynasty medicine's systematic understanding of kidney disorders, incorporating internal preparations (decoctions, pills, powders) and external therapies (acupuncture, Daoyin), forming a complete treatment system. The extensive use of animal organs and minerals in prescriptions characterizes the period's medical practice.

This section primarily discusses the bladder system (膀胱腑) and triple burner (三焦, the collective term for the upper, middle, and lower regions in Traditional Chinese Medicine) as presented in Sun Simiao's Essential Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold for Emergencies (《孙真人备急千金要方》), covering related disorders and their treatments.

The bladder system is divided into seven categories, spanning through chapter 62. These include: pulse theory of the bladder (first category), discussions on deficiency and excess conditions (second category), along with treatment formulas such as Dragon Bone Pill (龙骨丸) and moxibustion therapy (a technique using mugwort to heat acupuncture points). There are also discussions on the bladder membrane (胞囊, third category), mentioning prescriptions like Talcum Decoction (滑石汤) and Elm Bark Heat-Clearing Decoction (榆皮通滑泄热煎), as well as eight moxibustion techniques.

The triple burner system follows, covering its pulse theory (fourth category) and deficiency/excess conditions (fifth category). Numerous treatment formulas are listed, including Alisma Decoction (泽泻汤), Ophiopogon Center-Regulating Decoction (麦门冬理中汤), and Astragalus Center-Regulating Decoction (黄芪理中汤), along with seven moxibustion techniques.

Chapter 62 specifically addresses cholera-like disorders (霍乱, acute gastroenteritis) related to the bladder system, containing two discussions, descriptions of four symptom patterns, and treatment formulas such as Center-Regulating Decoction (治中汤), Cinnamon Twig Decoction (桂枝汤), and Four Harmonizing Decoction (四顺汤), supplemented by eighteen moxibustion methods.

The section concludes with "Miscellaneous Tonics" (杂补, seventh category), presenting various body-strengthening formulas like Amber Powder (琥珀散), Cistanche Powder (苁蓉散), and Bald Chicken Powder (秃鸡散).

Chapters 63 to 64 focus on wasting-thirst disorder (消渴症, resembling modern diabetes), divided into four categories. These include main symptoms (first category) and associated conditions such as wasting-middle (消中), strong-middle (强中), and thirst-diuresis (渴利).

The content primarily reflects traditional Chinese medical classifications of bladder and triple burner disorders, along with corresponding herbal formulas and moxibustion treatments, preserving the categorization and terminology of classical medical texts.

This is the table of contents from Essential Emergency Formulas Worth a Thousand Gold Pieces by the Realized Master Sun, documenting the various medicinal formulas and treatment methods collected by the ancient physician Sun Simiao. The book categorizes content by disease types, recording numerous herbal prescriptions and acupuncture therapies.

Volume 64 primarily documents treatments for urinary system disorders. It includes remedies for urinary retention (referred to as "linbi" syndrome), listing formulas like Kochia Seed Decoction and Pyrrosia Powder, along with fifteen acupuncture techniques. For hematuria symptoms, corresponding prescriptions are also provided. Regarding edema treatments, the text records eight formulas including Black Pill of the Central Army Commander, Great Bean Powder, and Euphorbia Decoction, supplemented by two acupuncture methods.

Volume 65 focuses entirely on treatments for boils and toxic swellings. For "dingzhong" type lesions (carbuncles/furuncles), it includes famous formulas like the Qi Province Rong Granny's Prescription and Zhao's Burning Method, along with one acupuncture therapy.

Volume 66 specifically discusses treatments for abscesses and cellulitis (suppurative inflammations), with additional methods for toxic swellings and stony abscesses. It documents seven diagnostic approaches through pulse examination, providing eight internal and topical formulas such as Five-Spice Forsythia Decoction and Astragalus Bamboo Leaf Decoction, plus two external-use recipes involving pig's trotter decoctions.

Most formula names derive directly from their primary ingredients—for instance, Poria Spirit Decoction centers on poria cocos, while Pig Stomach Pill uses pig stomach as its base. The text specially notes multiple variant forms of certain prescriptions, such as the two different Lycium Berry Decoction formulas recorded. Unnamed formulas are systematically scattered throughout their respective disease categories.

This passage primarily documents the formulary catalog from Sun Simiao's Essential Formulas for Emergencies [Worth] a Thousand Gold (Beiji Qianjin Yaofang) of the Tang Dynasty, detailing treatments for various skin ulcers and sores. The text systematically lists therapeutic approaches including external ointments, internal decoctions, and moxibustion methods tailored to specific symptoms.

Volume 67 focuses on formulas for treating carbuncles and abscesses (suppurative inflammations) of the back, featuring internal medications like Internal Tonifying Powder (Neibu San) and Li Genpi Powder (Li Genpi San), alongside external applications such as Pus-Draining Powder (Pai Nong San). It also includes remedies for erysipelas (acute infections marked by red, swollen, and painful skin) like Cimicifuga Ointment (Shengma Gao) and Cimicifuga Decoction (Shengma Tang), as well as formulas for urticaria-like conditions ("hidden rashes") including Photinia Decoction (Shi Nan Tang) and Goat Fat Ointment (Qing Yangzhi Gao).

Volume 68 specifically addresses therapies for deep suppurative infections (biaoju) and related conditions. It documents external prescriptions like Bitter Gourd Powder (Ku Hu San) and Black Ointment (Wu Gao), supplemented with discussions on fifteen types of complications such as necrotic tissue (e rou), vascular dilation (chi mai), and swollen lymph nodes (e he). The volume concludes with four moxibustion techniques for finger-related ailments like finger abscesses (zhi ju), paronychia (dai zhi), and cracked skin (ni lu).

A notable annotation in the original text—"remaining unnamed formulas are scattered throughout this category"—indicates that additional unnamed prescriptions for related conditions are dispersed across corresponding sections. These formulas, predominantly external ointments or internal decoctions, reflect classical Chinese medicine's characteristic integrated approach of combining internal and external treatments for dermatological disorders.

This passage primarily documents the classification of treatments for hemorrhoids/fistulas, skin diseases, and detoxification methods from Sun Simiao's Essential Formulas Worth a Thousand Gold Pieces (Qianjin Yaofang) of the Tang Dynasty.

The section on hemorrhoids and fistulas details therapeutic approaches for five categories of ailments. The first category covers "nine types of fistulas" (including scrofula/lymphatic tuberculosis), recording 16 formulas such as Kongqing Shanglu Powder and Rehmannia Paste, along with moxibustion techniques. The second category addresses intestinal abscesses (similar to modern appendicitis or mastitis), listing 10 formulas including Rhubarb and Moutan Decoction and Pus-Discharging Powder. The third category involves "five types of hemorrhoids" (various hemorrhoidal conditions), featuring five prescriptions such as Sophora Fruit Pill and Sophora Bark Paste.

Skin disease treatments are divided into two groups: the fourth category covers scabies, tinea, and similar conditions (including vitiligo and other dermatological disorders), documenting formulas like Lycoris Paste; the fifth category treats severe wind-induced diseases (comparable to leprosy), listing specialized therapies such as Lime Wine.

The final section focuses on detoxification, categorized into treatments for food poisoning and drug toxicity. The antidote portion specifically enumerates 28 detoxifying herbs, including formulas like Chickweed Powder. All prescriptions are systematically organized by ailment, with unnamed formulas interspersed throughout the relevant categories.

(Note: "Scrofula" refers to lymphatic tuberculosis; "severe wind-induced diseases" historically indicated leprosy; "five types of hemorrhoids" represent traditional Chinese medicine’s fivefold classification of hemorrhoidal conditions.)

This is the section on antidotes and emergency treatments from Sun Simiao's Essential Formulas for Emergencies [Worth] a Thousand Pieces of Gold (Beiji Qianjin Yaofang) of the Tang Dynasty. The content primarily records medicinal formulas for treating various poisonings and acute conditions, systematically categorized by disease type.

In Chapter 73, "Treating Poisonings," the text first lists remedies for "Five Minerals Toxicity" (intoxication from ancient mineral-based medicines), including two theoretical discussions and descriptions of twenty-eight symptoms. Specific prescriptions include Congbai Chi Tang (Scallion and Fermented Soybean Decoction), Gancao Tang (Licorice Decoction), Guixin Tang (Cinnamon Bark Decoction), and over twenty others. Some formulas note multiple variations—for instance, Congbai Chi Tang has three versions, while Renshen Tang (Ginseng Decoction) has four. The chapter concludes with external therapies such as hot and cold compresses and powdered purgatives.

Chapter 74 continues with antidote content, focusing on treatments for "Gu Poison" (a type of poisoning attributed in ancient times to venomous insects or sorcery). Notable formulas include Taishang Wu Gu Wan (Supreme Five-Poison Pill) and Taiyi Zhui Ming Wan (Great Unity Life-Restoring Pill). Subsequent sections address body odor, rectal prolapse, goiter (referred to as "Yingliu"), and genital disorders. For example, Shihui San (Lime Powder) treats body odor, Zhugan San (Pig Liver Powder) addresses rectal prolapse, and Wu Ying Wan (Five-Goiter Pill) is prescribed for goiter. Each condition is paired with topical ointments and moxibustion therapies.

Chapter 75 shifts to emergency care, dealing with sudden death (including nightmares, demonic possession, hanging, heatstroke, drowning, frostbite, and alcohol poisoning). The primary treatments are Huanhun Tang (Soul-Returning Decoction) and ten moxibustion techniques. These remedies are straightforward and practical, designed for rapid application in urgent situations.

The Essential Emergency Formulas Worth a Thousand Gold Pieces by the Venerable Master Sun documents various emergency treatments and health preservation methods. The text categorizes first aid knowledge into several major sections:

For treating poisonous insect bites—including snakes, tigers, scorpions, bees, as well as special injuries like leeches, "cat specters" (ancient beliefs about illness caused by malevolent feline spirits), and rabid dogs—it records formulas such as Five-Fragrance Powder and Kudzu Ointment, along with specialized moxibustion therapies.

The management of traumatic injuries covers falls from heights, cane strikes, and wounds from bamboo or wood splinters. Over a dozen formulas are listed, including White Horse Hoof Powder, Angelica Powder, and Astragalus Powder, some unnamed and scattered throughout relevant categories.

Treatments for burns and metal tool injuries form a separate section, documenting topical medicines like Allium Paste and Internal Tonifying Powder, as well as oral remedies such as Teasel Powder and Rehmannia Ointment. Notably, it includes two incantation methods (Daoist healing spells), reflecting the ancient integration of medicine and shamanic practices.

From Chapter 79 onward, the focus shifts to dietary therapy and longevity. It systematically details: the medicinal value of 29 types of fruits and 58 vegetables; consumption guidelines for 27 grains and 40 varieties of poultry, livestock, insects, and fish.

The final three chapters specialize in Daoist longevity practices: thirteen daily conduct norms and seven key principles for selecting living environments. It notably preserves the Heavenly India Massage Technique (imported from India) and Laozi’s Massage Method (traditional Daoist massage), alongside twelve breath-regulation and Qi-nourishing techniques. This section embodies the Daoist integration of medicine and preventive health cultivation, emphasizing prevention over cure.

This Catalog of Essential Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold Pieces by the Realized Man Sun is a renowned medical compendium compiled by Sun Simiao of the Tang dynasty, primarily collecting various medicinal formulas and therapeutic methods. The catalog is divided into multiple volumes, each containing distinct thematic sections.

The health cultivation section records the Yellow Emperor's taboos (Huangdi Zaji Fa) and bedroom arts for replenishment (Fangzhong Buyi), comprising two treatises along with daily prohibitions. The pulse diagnosis portion, spanning volumes 84 to 86, details pulse examination methods including the Pingmai Dafa (standard pulse technique), judgments of the five zang-organ pulses, pulse morphology characteristics, and the diagnostic essentials of Bian Que and Hua Tuo—totaling sixteen categories that explore correlations between pulse manifestations and disease prognosis.

The acupuncture section begins with volume 87, first presenting anatomical charts of front, back, and side views of the human body (Mingtang Sanren Tu) marking acupoint locations. It then explains the circulation patterns of the three yin and three yang channels, followed by specific acupoints along the hand and foot's three yin and three yang meridians. Volume 88 documents acupuncture contraindications, supplemented with mnemonic verses on functional changes of the five zang and six fu organs.

The medicinal formulas section includes numerous health-preserving prescriptions such as the "Three Parasites Expelling Pill" (Qusanchong Wan), nourishing preparations like "Solomon's Seal Paste" (Huangjing Gao) and "Poria Cocos Crisp" (Fuling Su), along with specialized formulas including "Lycium Berry Wine" (Gouqi Jiu), "Stalactite Powder" (Zhongru San), and the "Numinous Flight Powder" (Lingfei San). The catalog concludes by noting that unnamed prescriptions are distributed throughout relevant categories.

The acupuncture and moxibustion sections of Sun Zhenren's Essential Thousand Gold Prescriptions for Emergencies are primarily compiled in volumes 89 through 93, systematically organizing treatment methods for various diseases.

Volume 89 begins with fundamental operational guidelines: the "Brief Principles of Needling" section outlines seven key acupuncture techniques, while the "Moxibustion Guidelines" lists eight essential points for moxa therapy. The "Imperial Physician's Acupuncture Taboos" records two major prohibitions, including methods for calculating auspicious medical days (Tianyi jiri, dates deemed favorable for healing in Daoist tradition) and determining the location of the "human spirit" (renshen, specific bodily zones in classical acupuncture theory where qi and blood circulation require special caution).

Volume 90 focuses on acupoint combinations: the "Discussion of Cavity-Point Correspondences" explains therapeutic relationships between points. Diseases are then categorized by body region, with head and facial conditions subdivided into nine types—headaches, facial disorders, neck ailments, eye diseases, nasal conditions, ear problems, oral cavity issues, tongue afflictions, tooth diseases, and throat illnesses.

Volume 91 addresses thoracic and abdominal disorders across fourteen categories: heart diseases, abdominal pain, chest/rib-side pain, distension, borborygmus, urinary/defecation abnormalities, diarrhea, diabetes (xiaoke), edema, anorexia, vomiting, hematemesis, cough with counterflow qi, and "running piglet qi" (a sudden upward surge of qi attacking the heart).

Volume 92 treats limb and wind-damp conditions: seven types of extremity disorders (general limb, hand, arm/elbow, foot, knee, shoulder/back, and lumbar/spine ailments) alongside six wind-bi syndromes (wind-stroke, damp-bi, epilepsy, corpse syncope, demonic invasion, and consumptive disorders).

The final volume 93 covers three disease groups: heat conditions (including jaundice, cholera, malaria); goiter/tumor disorders (hemorrhoids, hernia, genital diseases); and miscellaneous illnesses. Special chapters for "women's diseases" and "pediatric conditions" conclude the text, demonstrating tailored medical attention for vulnerable populations.

This compendium reveals Tang dynasty physician Sun Simiao's systematic acupuncture framework, employing dual classification by anatomical location and pathological nature—a structure maintaining clinical relevance to this day.