《皇經集註(高上玉皇本行集經註)》Vol. 9
About this page. The original text of 《皇經集註(高上玉皇本行集經註)》 Vol. 9 (Xu Daozang 續道藏, 10 volumes) is shown in Classical Chinese as transmitted in the Kanripo (Kyoto University) edition. An English interpretation of the 16 passages on this page accompanies it: select a passage or press “Interpretation” to show it. All texts in English
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Source text (with commentary)Interpretation
If someone harbors heretical views (erroneous understandings), persists in ignorance with a wicked heart, and upon seeing others reciting this scripture, not only feels aversion but even casts contemptuous sidelong glances, or gives rise to the slightest malice, utters a single slanderous word, or falsely accuses those who uphold and recite the scripture—such offenses are profoundly grave. After death, these individuals will fall into the great hell (referring to the Avīci Hell, where suffering is uninterrupted), forever without hope of liberation.
This speaks not only of the gravity of blaspheming the divine and slandering the scripture. Those who stubbornly cling to their own views, ignorant and deluded, upon seeing others recite the scripture, due to their lack of faith, fail to understand that the scripture conveys the truth of the Dao (the Way). They are unaware that upholding and reciting the scripture brings blessings. Arrogant and dismissive, they despise and slander, giving rise to all manner of faults and rebellious thoughts. Instead of looking upon the scripture and its upholders with proper respect, they regard them with disdainful, sidelong glances. Even a single wicked thought or a single malicious word, falsely slandering, becomes a grave offense. Those who uphold the scripture and practice goodness should not be defamed, yet these heretical individuals, ignorant of karmic retribution and blind to the merits of scripture recitation, instead falsely slander and revile them.
Such karmic offenses are exceedingly heavy. After death, they will inevitably fall into the Avīci Hell, never to find liberation. Human understanding is inherently impartial, but erroneous views become heresy; people are inherently equal, but obstinate ignorance makes them wicked; thoughts are inherently neutral, but malicious intent breeds rebellion; eyes are inherently impartial, but sidelong glances of contempt become faults. A single minor wicked thought becomes the root of karmic obstacles, and a single careless malicious word becomes the foundation of sin. A noble person ought to support the goodness of others and praise those who uphold the scripture. To slander them falsely is to create one’s own karmic obstacles. In life, there are no inherent karmic obstacles—they are all self-inflicted, truly lamentable. Death is originally a return to nature, but to slander the true teachings and fall into hell means even in death there is no peace. How grave is such a fault! "Never to find liberation" means that though Heaven is compassionate and life-affirming, and the divine is upright and impartial, the offense of slandering the teachings is so severe that punishment is inescapable.
(Note: In this passage, "upholding the scripture" refers to reciting the Jade Emperor’s Scripture; "Avīci Hell" is a Buddhist term referring to the most excruciating, uninterrupted hell; "karmic root" refers to the source of sinful karma; "creation" refers to the natural order or divine arrangement.)
This scripture primarily addresses two key aspects: the nature of karmic transgressions and redemption, along with stern warnings against disrespecting sacred texts.
The text first elucidates the essence of karmic offenses. It explains that human misdeeds never vanish without consequence—not because heaven seeks to punish, but because one inevitably reaps what one sows. Just as the law treats all equally (where even a compassionate father cannot shield a guilty son, nor a filial child absolve their parent's crimes), eliminating karmic burdens requires sincere devotion to virtue and steadfast faith. Through revering scriptures and genuine repentance, one purifies karmic obstructions—akin to how confessing transgressions may earn worldly forgiveness.
Next, it imparts essential daily cultivation practices: guard speech to avoid harmful words, maintain upright conduct to prevent evil deeds, and purify thoughts to quell unwholesome mental formations. One should neither criticize unfamiliar teachings nor disrespect practitioners, but instead approach scriptures with reverence. By upholding authentic faith, one gradually comprehends the Dao (the Way) and attains sagehood, thereby ceasing to create negative karma.
The latter portion delivers severe admonitions against irreverence toward sacred texts. Those who obtain this scripture yet handle it with dirty hands, recite while eating meat, store it in unclean places, or read it amid frivolity will, upon death, descend into the Avīci hell—dragging ancestors and descendants into suffering. Even if later encountering salvific teachings, they must first endure rebirths as hungry ghosts or beasts before being reborn as impoverished, disabled outcasts in remote regions, trapped between unbearable existence and impossible death—all retribution for disparaging the scriptures.
The text specifically defines "disrespect" as lacking pious devotion, while "defiling contact" refers to handling scriptures with impure hands—both constituting sacrilege against these holy texts. Through contrasting cultivation methods with dire consequences, this passage powerfully emphasizes the vital importance of reverential treatment toward sacred classics.
This scripture expounds on the grave karmic retribution for defiling sacred texts. Reciting scriptures with a mouth tainted by pungent foods (referring to the five strong vegetables and three forbidden meats—onions, garlic, leeks, and other stimulating ingredients), placing sacred texts on unclean beds or tables, or treating them as ordinary books for casual discussion and jest—such actions not only invite calamity upon oneself but also bring misfortune upon nine generations of ancestors (referring to four paternal generations: great-great-grandfather, great-grandfather, grandfather, and father).
The karmic retributions manifest as follows: after death, one will face interrogation and torment in Fengdu (the Daoist underworld), with descendants also suffering the consequences. The most severe punishment is rebirth in the realm of hungry ghosts, where for countless eons one cannot even drink a drop of water—their throats as narrow as needle eyes while their bellies swell like drums. Even with lighter karma leading to rebirth as an animal, obtaining human form again becomes exceedingly difficult, often resulting in birth in remote barbaric lands or as a female (reflecting ancient patriarchal biases).
Present-life retributions include: destitution and hardship, chronic illness, physical disabilities, and premature decline—enduring unbearable suffering yet being unable to die. These are the bitter fruits of disrespecting sacred texts.
Yet the scripture offers redemption: encountering the teachings of sages, sincerely repenting, and relying on the merit of scriptures and celestial pardon can still deliver one from the torments of hell.
The latter section shifts tone dramatically, emphasizing the preciousness of human life: humans stand among heaven, earth, and humanity as one of the Three Powers (San Cai), bearing the responsibility of cultural transmission. Those who truly comprehend the Dao (Fa Xing, original nature)—regardless of gender, social status (wealth or poverty), or circumstance (barbarian lands or adversity)—can attain serene contentment. Here it quotes the Confucian Doctrine of the Mean's principle of "acting according to one's position," creating a striking contrast with the earlier terrifying descriptions. This juxtaposition aims to inspire reverence for scriptures while maintaining an active commitment to spiritual cultivation.
This scripture expounds the principle of karmic retribution. Why is it that women with frail health are often looked down upon? In truth, all sentient beings are fundamentally equal—it is only due to their different accumulated karma that they reap varying consequences.
The scripture warns: Some people initially embrace spiritual practice but later become negligent and contemptuous. At this point, the Boy Attendants of Good and Evil (Daoist celestial attendants who record human virtues and transgressions) will report their conduct to the Three Officials (referring to the celestial deities of Heaven, Earth, and Water who govern human morality). Their misdeeds will be inscribed in the Black Register while their allotted lifespans are reduced in the Blue Ledger. After death, such individuals will be confined in the prisons of the underworld, endlessly suffering the torments of the Three Wretched Realms—hell-dwellers, hungry ghosts, and beasts—with no hope of liberation.
The retribution in this life is equally dreadful: They may contract vile diseases like scabies, leprosy, or malignant ulcers; meet with sudden calamities; be imprisoned; commit suicide or accidentally ingest poison; suffer attacks from wild beasts or venomous snakes; be haunted and avenged by karmic creditors; encounter bandits in the wilderness who take their lives; fall prey to malevolent spirits and demons; or perish in floods, fires, or violent conflicts. All these misfortunes arise from belittling the scriptures and neglecting spiritual practice, resulting in untimely deaths.
The scripture particularly emphasizes: Not only complete nonbelievers will be punished—those who initially have faith but later grow lax will equally face calamity. The Boy Attendants will record their offense of disrespecting the scriptures, diminishing their blessings and shortening their lifespans.
This scripture primarily expounds on the misfortunes incurred by disrespecting sacred texts (specifically the Gaoshang Yuhuang Benxing Jijing), and how to dispel calamities through devout practice of the scriptural teachings.
The text first enumerates various disasters that may befall those who show irreverence toward the scriptures: encountering violent men in mountains and forests, suffering covert harm from malevolent spirits (wangliang referring to mountain demons and specters), meeting with floods or fires, or perishing in armed conflicts. These untimely deaths result from contempt for the scriptures, preventing peaceful ends. Such karmic retribution evokes both compassion for the sufferers and lament for their ignorance, revealing the merciful heart of the Celestial Worthy (Tianzun, the supreme Daoist deity).
It further explains that the karmic consequences for neglecting scriptures are boundless, while the value of revering the Dao's teachings lies in perseverance. Only through sustained cultivation can the scriptures' efficacy fully manifest. Many incur negative karma precisely because they cannot maintain their practice—diligent at first but slackening later. Throughout history, countless people neither recited nor understood the scriptures; their misfortunes didn't necessarily stem from deliberate disrespect. Since scriptures embody the Dao (Dao), those lacking faith or virtue (De) inherently slight them. To honor scriptures and eliminate karmic obstacles, one must diligently cultivate and nurture virtue.
Finally, the Celestial Worthy admonishes perfected beings (zhenren): the retribution for scriptural neglect is as described. You should practice the teachings with sincere hearts, free from deluded thoughts. If one can maintain a mind undisturbed by random thoughts, unattached to either good or evil notions—even transcending the concept of "no-thought"—all worldly ties will be severed. Thus, accumulated karmic obstructions from past lives will naturally dissolve, and all calamities and demonic hindrances will vanish spontaneously. This scripture's merits are inconceivable; it represents the supreme wondrous method (miaofa), bringing immense benefit. However, it must not be indiscriminately transmitted to unsuitable recipients.
The text also mentions several cultivation terms: "emptying the five burdens" (liberation from five afflictions), "transcending the nine consciousnesses" (surpassing the six senses plus intellect, will, and storehouse consciousness), "departing from the four phenomena" (transcending earth, water, fire, and wind as material forms), and "eliminating the hundred negations" (eradicating all erroneous views)—all referring to transcendent states achieved through practice. Ultimately, one must sever all attachments to past, present, and future, even transcending distinctions between "roots" (sensory faculties) and "dust" (external phenomena).
The mundane world is like the countless sands of the Ganges River, beyond measure. Yet if one sincerely believes in this scripture, all karmic offenses will dissolve, and calamities and demonic obstacles will naturally vanish. The merit of this scripture is inconceivable—it is truly the supreme wondrous Dharma, surpassing all classics of Confucianism, Buddhism, and Daoism, and may be called the king of all scriptures.
Neither Confucian classics nor Buddhist texts can compare to this scripture. However, it must be noted that though this scripture brings great benefit, it should not be casually shown to others. While the Daoist methods can be learned by all, they must not be transmitted to those who lack faith or reverence. Just as Confucianism does not teach those who abandon themselves, and Buddhism does not save beings without karmic connection, the Daoist teachings are even more sacred and will never force those without belief to practice.
Faith is the foundation of cultivating the Dao (Dao), and sincerity is the key to attaining sagehood. Without devout belief, this scripture must not be transmitted. Practitioners should resolve with a sincere heart, taking this as the root of attaining the Dao and becoming a sage.
Chapter 17, "On Manifestations of Efficacy," further explains: If beings of the heavenly realms—including the six heavens of the desire realm, the eighteen heavens of the form realm, and the four heavens of the formless realm (thirty-two heavens in total)—face the "five signs of celestial decay" (the five signs of a deva's impending death) and the "four phases" (referring to birth, maturity, aging, and death as the four states of life, or the loss of a deva's majesty, supernatural powers, joy, and vitality), they need only abandon delusion and recite this scripture with a sincere heart to attain spontaneous celestial blessings, fortify themselves, transcend the three realms (desire, form, and formless), and abide eternally with the Great Dao (Dao).
A special reminder: This supreme scripture should not be casually revealed. Among the heavens, the four highest heavens of the "seed people" (referring to the four highest celestial realms beyond the cycle of rebirth) differ from other heavens subject to birth, death, and transmigration.
When one's allotted blessings are exhausted, rebirth in the human realm follows—this is predetermined, hence called the cycle of rebirth (samsara). If one can relinquish all deluded thoughts and distractions, neither chasing external conditions nor giving rise to false notions—whether seeking blessings, wisdom, longevity, emptiness, meditative absorption, aspiring to ascend to immortal realms, or fearing descent—all these endless verbalizations and inexhaustible mental fabrications are called delusions. What must truly be abandoned are these distractions, reaching a state where not a single thought arises, where emptiness and stillness prevail, thus dissolving illusory notions.
When one attains this state naturally during seated meditation, the blessings bestowed by heaven become even more steadfast, obtained effortlessly without deliberate pursuit. Whether in the Realm of Desire (the mundane world filled with cravings), the Realm of Form (the celestial realms of material existence), the Formless Realm (the immaterial heavens), or the Brahma Realm (the pure world of Brahma), the practitioner transcends all these states to attain liberation, never again subject to rebirth. This state is indestructible, enabling one to rise beyond the Three Realms—Desire, Form, and Formlessness—ascending to the profound celestial realms beyond the nine heavens, eternally abiding with the Dao (the Way), merging with ultimate truth, enduring through countless kalpas without decline.
Observing the efficacy with which celestial beings revere this precious scripture, humanity should recognize its value and strive diligently in practice. The power and merit of this scripture are unparalleled—it is a sacred mantra of great virtue (De): capable of reviving withered trees to bloom and bear fruit, eradicating the deepest sufferings of sentient beings, and granting longevity to those with short lifespans. The merit of this scripture is inconceivable, beyond the reach of words to fully praise.
Those who disbelieve in this scripture will suffer corresponding karmic retribution, while devotees will attain extraordinary efficacy. This scripture surpasses all other teachings—no other scripture can compare in benefit. The so-called "great virtue" refers to the perfect merit that both dispels malevolent forces and supports the true Dharma. This teaching eradicates evil and absolves sins while assisting practitioners in realizing the true path, possessing divine merit and immeasurable grace and power—hence it is called "virtuous power" (Wei De).
As explained earlier, this great divine mantra indeed revives withered plants, causing exotic flowers, auspicious herbs, and numinous fungi to flourish abundantly.
This passage expounds on the supreme merits of the Gaoshang Yuhuang Benxing Jijing (Supreme Jade Emperor's Scripture on His Original Deeds). The scripture states that while ordinary fragrances may temporarily nourish plants, this sacred text can revive withered vegetation, making branches, leaves, flowers, and fruits flourish anew. It eradicates sentient beings' heaviest sufferings and afflictions, dissolves all evil karma to improve human life, and uproots sins to grant virtuous deaths.
Particularly, it emphasizes how this scripture fundamentally resolves karmic debts accumulated over multiple lifetimes and lifelong vexations. For those destined to die young, its power can extend their lifespan. When the text observes that few in this world live beyond seventy, it promises life preservation and longevity. Some might question whether Yan Hui (Confucius' most virtuous disciple) dying at thirty proves spiritual cultivation futile. But true longevity means "perishing without extinction"—though the physical body dies, the spirit (Shen) endures eternally, as Yan Hui demonstrated. When the scripture speaks of prolonging short lifespans, it reveals the truth that those who perceive the Dao (the Way) achieve deathless life.
Two exemplary stories illustrate this: the loyal statesman Kou Zhun made withered bamboo regrow, while the filial Tian family revived dried brambles. When sages dwell in the world, every household receives blessings, attaining perfect freedom in both life and death. Though this scripture's merits encompass all things, only sincere practice yields its supreme benefits.
Chapter 19 clarifies that without prior cultivation foundations ("Dao-ben"—the root of spiritual practice, like a tree's roots) or accumulated merit fields (good deeds), one might never even hear this scripture's name, let alone behold it. Establishing "Dao-ben" requires gradual cultivation, as Daoist texts state "refined practice brings accomplishment," Confucius taught "advance from elementary to profound learning," and Buddhist scriptures prescribe the "hearing-contemplation-practice" sequence. All three teachings—Confucianism, Buddhism, and Daoism—agree that scholarly foundations precede enlightenment. Though awakening occurs instantaneously, it demands gradual cultivation—never abrupt attainment. Without sustained practice across lifetimes, genuine realization remains elusive.
This scripture expounds the principle of cultivating virtue through practice, likening virtuous actions to planting seeds in a "field of blessings" (futian) where good causes yield karmic rewards.
External virtuous deeds include: constructing temples and bridges; practicing medicine and distributing remedies; assisting the state in relieving the people's suffering; creating talismans (fulu) to aid conception; exorcising evil and alleviating hardship.
Internal cultivation involves: maintaining a compassionate heart and joyful generosity; enduring humiliation while concealing one's light; practicing impartiality and selflessness; steadfast devotion to the Dao (Dao) and perfecting one's virtue (De).
Simple acts of charity like donating material goods represent surface-level goodness, while deeper practice entails: single-minded cultivation of the Dao, severing desires, refining the spirit (shen), and accumulating vital essence (jing) and energy (qi) to ultimately transcend worldly existence. Whether large or small, all such "plantings" in the field of blessings yield corresponding rewards, with hidden virtuous deeds (yinde) accumulating immeasurable merit.
The scripture emphasizes that those who fail to cultivate this field of blessings cannot even hear this scripture's name. People devoid of virtue and fortune are like barren fields struck by drought or flood. Human fortunes vary greatly—some enjoy wealth yet lack wisdom, while others live in purity despite poverty. Only those possessing both virtue and fortune may encounter the true teachings and attain liberation.
This Jade Emperor Scripture (Yuhuang Jing) is extraordinarily precious, transmitted only once every eighty thousand kalpas. Originally a secret treasure of the Jade Capital's Golden Portal (the Daoist highest heaven), it manifests only to those with immortal destiny. Its transmission requires ceremonial offerings and sworn covenants between master and disciple, never to be lightly disclosed. Like the Buddha's teachings entrusted to Mahakasyapa or Confucian wisdom passed to Zeng Shen, the Daoist methods are bestowed only upon destined recipients.
The concluding admonition reminds readers: this scripture's twenty chapters of miraculous efficacy represent rare karmic fortune. Having encountered it, one should cherish and diligently practice its teachings.
This scripture is not to be transmitted lightly. According to the sacred ordinances of the Three Caverns (Dongzhen, Dongxuan, Dongshen) - the celestial laws recorded in the three supreme Daoist canons - this scripture may only be transmitted once every eighty thousand kalpas.
Here, "kalpa" refers to a unit of time: from the Hour of the Tiger (3-5 AM) to the Hour of the Rooster (5-7 PM) spans eight earthly hours, equivalent to eighty-six thousand four hundred human years, rounded to eighty thousand kalpas. Each annual cycle of growth and harvest also counts as one kalpa - as countless as the sands of the Ganges. That this profound teaching is transmitted only once every eighty thousand kalpas shows how extraordinarily rare this opportunity truly is. What has been described thus far approaches the ultimate truth.
This scripture is the most precious treasure of the Supreme Purity Heaven (Shangqing Xuandu), originally concealed in the Jade Capital's Golden Tower (Yujing Jinquè) - the celestial scripture repository at heaven's pinnacle. This refers not to the Jade Emperor's abode, but to the Supreme Mystery Treasury where the Heavenly Emperor's scriptures are kept, its profundity beyond description.
To encounter this scripture is exceedingly rare. Unless one possesses innate immortal bones (xian gu) from past lives, with accumulated cultivation across lifetimes forming a foundation for attaining the Dao, and is destined to become a True Immortal of the Nine Heavens (the highest rank of celestial beings), only then might this opportunity arise. Precisely because such immortal destiny must be honored, later generations must offer gold and treasures when pledging to a master, seeking the true scripture through proper ritual.
The "golden treasures" mentioned here refer not merely to worldly wealth, but more importantly to making celestial vows with utterly sincere, selfless devotion that remains unshaken through countless kalpas. This sincerity must be as pure as the bright sun in a clear sky - this constitutes the true "indestructible golden treasure." Only those who meet these conditions may receive transmission when the proper time and circumstances align.
Bear in mind: never lightly reveal the scripture's true meaning. Guard it reverently with utmost care, never transmitting it to unworthy recipients. Recognize this scripture's preciousness - all should diligently cultivate virtuous connections as the foundation for receiving it. Once granted this true transmission, cherish it eternally without negligence. Treat it as priceless treasure while advancing your cultivation.
(Here begins Chapter 21 on "Manifestations and Verification")
At this point, the Celestial Worthy (Tianzun) again emphasized this essential principle, speaking in verse...
This scripture employs a series of impossible natural phenomena to illustrate the unparalleled rarity of encountering the Scripture of the Primordial Acts of the Most High Jade Emperor (Gaoshang Yuhuang Benxing Jijing). Just as lotuses cannot bloom in turbulent river currents (since they thrive in still waters), crows cannot turn white (being naturally black), turtles cannot grow hair to weave clothing (as they are naturally hairless), or moonlight cannot melt ice and snow (since the moon itself has no warmth)—all these impossibilities pale in comparison to the extraordinary fortune of encountering this sacred text.
The passage continues with even more fantastical analogies: mosquito legs supporting the weight of bridges, sparrows lifting entire mountains and tossing them elsewhere, a single leaf boat ferrying Mount Kunlun (the legendary abode of immortals) across oceans, leeches growing tusks like elephants, mugwort leaves covering the boundless realms of existence (the Daoist concept of infinite cosmic space) and obscuring Mount Kunlun, owls and crows nesting together and feeding one another (despite their inherently antagonistic natures), rabbits sprouting horns to climb the heavens, mice scaling these horn-ladders to gnaw at the moon, donkeys with lips red as apples dancing and singing, or flies draining entire vats of wine and collapsing drunk—all these absurdities are still less marvelous than the chance to receive this scripture.
Finally, the Celestial Worthy of Primordial Beginning (Yuanshi Tianzun, the supreme deity in Daoism) concludes: just as lotuses cannot grow in raging rivers, crows cannot turn white, turtles cannot grow fur, or moonlight cannot melt ice, these analogies underscore the scripture's incomparable value by invoking absolute impossibilities. The text specifically clarifies that leeches (referred to as water locusts) are but tiny insects, and the image of mugwort leaves blanketing the infinite cosmos and veiling Mount Kunlun serves to emphasize that no miraculous phenomenon rivals the preciousness of this sacred scripture.
Crows and owls, though vicious birds by nature, can share a nest and feed each other; rabbits naturally have no horns, yet someone tries to climb to heaven using rabbit-horn ladders; tiny mice scamper up these ladders to gnaw at the moon; donkeys with apple-red lips sing and dance; flies gulp down whole jars of fine wine and stagger drunkenly—these are utterly impossible absurdities.
The scripture lists these preposterous examples to illustrate how rare it is to encounter genuine Daoist scriptures. In truth, the great Dao (the Way) resides within every person’s heart, and authentic scriptures are inherently complete within all beings. Even the most ignorant and foolish creatures possess an innate capacity for goodness and can be guided toward liberation—how could the aforementioned impossibilities ever occur? This serves as a metaphor for the difficulty of attaining true scriptures.
Yet the teachings of the Dao (the Way) are divided into different levels, and this Jade Emperor’s Scripture (Yuhuang Jing) belongs to the highest class. Those who transmit it may not grasp it as profoundly as the Celestial Worthy of Primordial Beginning (Yuanshi Tianzun), nor may recipients align perfectly with the Jade Emperor’s (Yuhuang Dadi) mysterious intent. Due to misunderstandings or stubborn biases, the scripture’s deeper meanings often remain elusive. Some turn a deaf ear, others look without seeing, and still others hear but fail to grasp the essence—naturally, they cannot access the scripture’s true merits and benefits. Thus, encountering and truly comprehending this scripture is indeed a rare achievement.
Yet as long as one perseveres without fear of hardship, maintaining sincere and steadfast devotion, the scripture’s genuine efficacy will naturally manifest. As Chapter 22, The Section on Efficacy, states: After the Celestial Worthy of Primordial Beginning (Yuanshi Tianzun) finished reciting his verses, he universally instructed the fourfold assembly of disciples: “In this world, those who uphold and recite this scripture may be called ‘bodies of merit’ (gongde shen), for they benefit all beings; ‘bodies of spiritual power’ (shentong shen), for they gather all auspiciousness; and ‘bodies of purity’ (qingjing shen), for they repel all evil influences.”
The “fourfold assembly” refers broadly to all practitioners. Those who uphold the scripture benefit both themselves and others—whether human, living creatures, or even insentient objects—all receive its compassionate shelter. Such merit is like a great tree shading all beings, just as the sages of the Three Teachings universally deliver all sentient beings. Here, “sentient” (youqing) refers not only to humans but also to animals, plants, and even the spiritual potential within earth, wood, metal, and stone.
Though humans possess remarkable spiritual potential, without cultivating supernatural abilities (shentong), they cannot reach the highest realms. The profound methods contained in this scripture are marvelously subtle and miraculous, enabling practitioners to attain unimpeded realization. Those who diligently uphold this sacred text will achieve the "body of spiritual powers" (shentong shen) — a form endowed with extraordinary abilities.
All auspicious blessings converge upon those who uphold this scripture, which is why the sages of Confucianism, Buddhism, and Daoism remain eternally indestructible. "Xian" (咸) means "all," and "zhen" (臻) signifies "arrival." Practitioners who cultivate for themselves will find smooth fortune; those who cultivate for others embody benevolence and justice; those who cultivate for the nation and the world act with perfect appropriateness. Self-attained blessings naturally attract a thousand auspicious signs.
Heaven does not begrudge the Dao, nor does earth withhold its treasures. When humans align with natural law, all things reveal their spiritual nature, and every blessing gathers. Those who recite this scripture attain the "body of purity" (qingjing shen) — unpolluted ("qing") and unburdened ("jing"). By relinquishing all attachments without a trace of defilement, they embody true purity.
Thus, no negative karma can harm them. Even when the sages of the three teachings encounter calamities, they remain unharmed. "Qin" (侵) refers to oppression or injury. Whether self-created obstacles, heavenly retribution, karmic debts from past or present lives, ancestral misfortunes, inauspicious years, fateful obstructions, astrological conflicts, demonic disturbances, slander, or material harm — all adversities transform into blessings, unable to inflict harm.
Those who truly attain the Dao embrace heaven and earth, teaching all beings. Their blessings and auspicious signs never fade, for heaven protects the virtuous, shielding them from disaster. This is the genuine "body of merit, spiritual power, and purity." Ordinary people may have physical forms, but without these qualities, only through steadfast recitation of this scripture can they realize such attainments.
Practitioners also achieve the "body of majestic virtue" (weide shen), which neither celestial demons (tianmo) nor heterodox paths can subdue, and the "peerless body" (wudeng shen), praised even by the Supreme Deity and revered by all spirits. Thus, upholders of this scripture attain not only purity but also majestic virtue.
The "celestial demons and heterodox paths" mentioned here include: heavenly demon kings (motian wang), demonic beings, demonic maidens, and other shadowy fiends; asuras (axiu), energy-devouring ghosts, mountain sprites, and other specters; worldly deceit and absurd behavior; heretical and deviant practices; seductive and bizarre aberrations. None can overpower the scripture's upholders. "She" (摄) means to subdue or enthrall — when demonic paths infiltrate and delude ordinary people unnoticed, this is called "she."
This passage compares Buddhist narratives with Daoist cultivation, emphasizing the supreme merit of reciting the Jade Emperor's Scripture (Huangjing, formally titled Gaoshang Yuhuang Benxing Jijing).
In the Buddhist story, the Venerable Ananda (a disciple of the Buddha), though upholding precepts in his practice, nearly lost his moral foundation (戒体, jieti) due to a fleeting desire for the maiden Matangi, which drew him into a chamber of lust. This illustrates that even with disciplined precepts, failure to fully awaken to the root of one's mind may leave one vulnerable to external corruptions. In contrast, those who recite the Jade Emperor's Scripture comprehend the "Seal of the Heart" (心印, xinyin—the Daoist term for one's true innate nature). By chanting the sacred scripture in a state of selfless wuwei (无为, non-action), their spiritual power becomes all-pervasive, their virtue (De, 德) exalted, and their majestic virtue (Weide, 威德) so awe-inspiring that even ghosts and demons dare not approach them.
The Jade Emperor's Scripture is the king of all scriptures, and those who recite it attain a majesty and virtue surpassing all other texts. Such individuals are not merely called "Bodies of Majestic Virtue" (威德身, Weide Shen), but also "Peerless Bodies" (无等身, Wu Deng Shen)—none can compare to them. This parallels Confucius being likened to an unreachable heaven in Confucianism, or the Buddhist declaration that "none are like the Buddha."
The text clarifies that the "Celestial Sovereign" (上帝, Shangdi) mentioned in the phrase "the Celestial Sovereign sings from afar" does not refer to the Jade Emperor (玉皇大帝, Yuhuang Dadi), but to the Sovereigns of the Heavens (诸天上帝, Zhutian Shangdi), the supreme deities of each celestial realm. When a diligent cultivator appears in the world, these heavenly sovereigns rejoice from their distant realms. Such divine praise differs from mundane songs—just as when a boy is born, myriad spirits sing "Congratulations" (恭贺, Gonghe), and when a girl is born, they chant "Reverent Felicitations" (奉贺, Fenghe). The Sovereigns of the Heavens cherish all living beings, but those of profound virtue resonate with heaven's virtue (Tian De, 天德), eliciting jubilant celebration from the celestial emperors.
All spirits, regardless of rank, revere genuine scripture-reciting cultivators. Human nature is inherently strong and luminous, originally endowed with the same majestic virtue (Da Weide, 大威德) as the Celestial Venerable of the Primordial Beginning (元始天尊, Yuanshi Tianzun—the highest Daoist deity). Yet indulgence in desire invites corrupting energies (Xie Qi, 邪气) and the disrespect of spirits. Even Confucius' virtuous disciple Zixia (子夏) found his heart stirred by worldly splendor, proving that desire remains an obstacle to cultivation.
This scripture primarily elucidates the three supreme virtues attainable through devout recitation of the Supreme Jade Emperor's Essential Conduct Scripture: the Indestructible Body, the Treasury-of-Dao Body, and the Peerless Body.
First, the "Indestructible Body" is explained: Ordinary people in the mundane world often gain limited blessings through minor merits and shallow virtuous roots. Their practice is easily interrupted, their wisdom readily obscured—like duckweed or candle flames unable to withstand wind and waves. But those who truly uphold this scripture maintain unwavering resolve without regression. Even when encountering various kalpic catastrophes (minor, intermediate, or great kalpas), cosmic destruction, clashes of the Five Phases (Wood, Fire, Earth, Metal, Water), or calamities of flood, fire, and tempest, they remain unharmed. They transcend cyclic existence, eternally steadfast.
Next, the "Treasury-of-Dao Body" is clarified: "Treasury" here signifies containment and accommodation. The Great Dao embraces all things without exception. Genuine scripture upholders resemble the Daoist canon (the comprehensive collection of Daoist scriptures)—though physically finite, their spiritual nature becomes complete, capable of encompassing measureless worlds. Even the words they utter command reverence from spirits and deities. When ordinary people speak insincerely, faults are inevitable, let alone moving divine beings. But true scripture practitioners speak with perfect sincerity, their expressions appropriate—neither frivolous nor concealed—thus inspiring awe in the unseen realms.
Finally, the text reveals that upholders of this scripture not only attain the "Indestructible Body" but also accomplish the "Peerless Body" (the supreme state beyond comparison). The scripture emphasizes that only through genuine, unfeigned cultivation can one ultimately realize the Great Dao.
This scripture expounds on the power of words and the merit of reciting sacred texts. It mentions how a single phrase can perpetuate the Daoist lineage for millennia, how one sentence can initiate transmissions across ten thousand generations, how an utterance can deliver sentient beings from the sea of suffering, and how a word can break through the barriers of life and death. One phrase can exhaustively express the Dao of Heaven and Earth, encapsulate the profound mysteries of all teachings, fully describe the conditions of spirits and deities, and illuminate the transformations of cosmic cycles. A single saying can eliminate sins and increase blessings, while another may reveal the secrets of the Golden Elixir (Jindan, the core of Neidan practice).
The true essence of the Three Teachings (Confucianism, Buddhism, and Daoism) is contained within a single phrase of scripture. These words are treasured jewels shared between humans and heavens, so profound that even spirits and deities cannot fathom them—how could they not command reverence? If even supernatural beings admire them, how much more should humans?
The great sages of the Three Teachings endured countless kalpas (cosmic cycles) without retreating from their practice. Their words are jointly venerated by celestial beings and humans alike, and these steadfast principles of the Daoist canon can be personally verified. Why does scripture recitation attain such profound effects? Because genuine comprehension leads to eternal possession—this is the actualization of truth. The key lies in authentic scripture-holding: it must be rooted in heart-fasting (Xinzhai, mental purification) and accomplished through spiritual cultivation.
Source text: Kanripo 漢籍リポジトリ(KR5h0009); Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0 · Report an error / feedback