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《太上靈寶淨明飛仙度人經法》

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Dongxuan 洞玄部 5 volumes 34,278 characters

About this page. The original text of 《太上靈寶淨明飛仙度人經法》 (Dongxuan 洞玄部, 5 volumes) is shown in Classical Chinese as transmitted in the Kanripo (Kyoto University) edition. An English interpretation of the 68 passages on this page accompanies it: select a passage or press “Interpretation” to show it. All texts in English

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Source textInterpretation

Vol. 1

太上靈寳淨明飛仙度人經法卷一    髙明大使神功妙濟眞君許旌陽釋  叙微(言其道包含所以彰微者此也終而/釋之謂之釋例所謂叙微者以明例)  (象/天) 啓運章第一 道言昔於始青天中碧落空歌大浮黎土受 元始度人無量上品  師曰此道君叙受法之初用爲看法之呪  符  右面東再拜燒香搯子勒至辰書符一道  次念碧落空歌呪符左手搯午歌曰 妙哉元始道大梵敷眞文上開龍漢劫 煥爛光彩分三十二天書五老赤字傳 垂慈度生死鬱勃吐祥雲中有長命訣 植芽鍊飛仙開凾發玄奥稽首生精勤 仰思髙靈降乗氣歸三清 眞應章第二 元始天尊當說是經周廻十過以召十方始 當詣座天眞大神上聖髙尊妙行眞人無鞅 數衆乗空而來飛雲丹霄緑輿瓊輪羽蓋垂 䕃流精玉光五色鬱勃洞煥太空七日七夜 諸天日月星宿璇璣玉衡一時停輪神風靜 黙山海藏雲天無浮翳四炁朗清一國地土 山川林木緬平一等無復髙下土皆作碧玉 無有異色衆眞侍座元始天尊玄座空浮五 色獅子之上  師曰此道君受法之初衆眞皆㑹此時始  有淨明二篇靈書明王因之造法著經用  之淨身看法文時存思呪  右弟子看法文淨身了未開法文時再拜  以兩手搯中指上節閉息良久瞑目定觀
Interpretation

The Supreme Lingbao Jingming Scripture on the Transcendent's Salvation of Humanity records the cultivation methods expounded by Xu Xun (styled Jingyang, revered in Daoism as the "True Lord of Divine Efficacy and Marvelous Aid, Eminent Great Emissary"). The opening section recounts the sacred origins of this scripture.

The "Chapter on Initiating the Transmission" states: In ancient times, the Dao Lord (referring to the Celestial Worthy of Primordial Beginning) received the supreme method for delivering countless beings in the celestial realm of Beginning Azure, within the Great Floating Li Land of Azure Canopy's Empty Chant. This describes the scene where the Dao Lord first received the transmission lineage. Practitioners studying this method must face east to perform obeisance, burn incense while forming mudras (Daoist hand seals), and inscribe talismans at specific hours. Simultaneously, they recite the Incantation of Azure Canopy's Empty Chant, forming the Wu-position mudra with the left hand (a Daoist directional term), praising the profound mystery of the Primordial Dao. This incantation depicts the cosmic creation: thirty-two celestial realms manifest as the Five Directional Ancient Lords (five celestial worthies) transmit crimson talismanic scripts. The Dao's compassion universally saves beings, with auspicious clouds concealing longevity secrets, enabling practitioners to ascend as transcendents.

The "Chapter of True Response" records: When the Celestial Worthy of Primordial Beginning expounded this scripture, deities of the ten directions and realized adepts arrived riding auspicious clouds and immortal carriages. Their flying chariots and canopies radiated five-colored light illuminating the entire void. For seven days and nights, the sun, moon, and stars halted their courses while winds stilled and waters calmed, leaving heaven and earth perfectly clear. Mountains, rivers, and vegetation across the land became level and uniform, everywhere displaying jade-green hues. Assembled adepts encircled the Celestial Worthy's throne as he sat upon a five-colored lion seat suspended effortlessly in space. The Dao Lord (Xu Xun) explains that during this sacred convocation, the two core scriptures of the Jingming (Pure Brightness) lineage were transmitted, upon which the Bright King (Dharma Protector) established the cultivation methods.

Before studying the scripture, practitioners must perform purification rituals: reverent bowing, forming the middle-finger upper-joint mudra (a specific hand seal), regulating breath to concentrate spirit, and closing eyes for visualization. These preparatory practices all serve to better comprehend the scripture's profound meanings.

 念呪見衆眞皆㑹再拜放訣看法文念呪  時先云我聞元始天尊至獅子之上則又  曰弟子慶幸今日願受度 識神章第三 祖師太陽上帝孝道仙王靈寳淨明天尊祖 師太隂元君孝道明王靈寳淨明黄素天尊 經師至孝恭順仙王籍師玄都御史眞君監 度師三天扶敎輔元大法天師正一冲玄靜 應眞君度師九州都仙太史髙明大使至道 玄應神功妙濟眞君靈寳淨明玄中傳敎聖 師靈寳淨明下敎仙卿靈寳淨明飛天度人 大元帥帝君靈寳淨明飛天度人大使者帝 君靈寳淨明飛天度人三十六位帝君靈寳 淨明飛天度人十方神王靈寳淨明飛天度 人三百六十萬神王靈寳淨明飛天度人十 方長生大神靈寳淨明飛天度人三部袐法 羽衣謄籍判官靈寳淨明飛天度人繡衣玉 童玉女靈寳淨明飛天度人侍經五帝直符 靈寳淨明飛天度人侍經五炁功曹靈寳淨 明飛天度人周天傳言傳香傳文典籍使靈 寳淨明飛天度人護身傳真䘙真監真吏靈 寳淨明飛天度人前後二十四史吏靈寳淨 明飛天度人直事傳言飛龍騎吏靈寳淨明 飛天度人八萬四千靈官寨主將靈寳淨明 飛天度人八萬四千寨節貟甲馬靈寳淨明 飛天度人八萬四千受事靈寳淨明飛天度 人三界直符靈寳淨明飛天度人怛他蘇伽 功曹
Interpretation

This scripture depicts the sacred scene and invoked deities during the Feixian Duren (Flying Immortal Salvation Ritual) of the Jingming School (a Daoist tradition emphasizing filial piety cultivation). When reciting the incantations, practitioners visualize numerous immortals descending to the ritual assembly and perform reverent prostrations. The ceremony begins with the invocation: "I have heard the Celestial Worthy of Primordial Beginning (Yuanshi Tianzun, the supreme deity in Daoism) descending upon the Lion Throne of Jewels," followed by expressing the disciples' sincere aspiration to participate in this salvation ritual today.

The text meticulously enumerates the pantheon venerated by the Jingming School: First are the two founding patriarchs—the Solar Sovereign Emperor, Immortal King of Filial Piety (Jingming Tianzun) and the Lunar Primordial Lord, Illustrious King of Filial Piety (Jingming Huangsu Tianzun). Next come four essential mentors: the Scripture Master, Register Master, Ordination Master, and Salvation Master. Thereafter follow the Jingming School's unique lineage of sacred teaching masters and immortal officials, along with various divine lords responsible for ascension and salvation—including the Great Marshal Imperial Lord, Thirty-Six Imperial Lords, and Ten Directions Divine Kings—forming an extensive celestial hierarchy.

The scripture also records various divine functionaries assisting practitioners: judges overseeing feathered-robed immortal registers, jade maidens and youths attending scriptures, messenger officers transmitting communications, supervising truth officials safeguarding cultivation, as well as protector deities like the 84,000 Lingguan camp leaders and armored cavalry officers. Together these deities constitute the sacred protective forces for the Jingming School's Flying Immortal Salvation Ritual, embodying the Daoist religious concept of "countless perfected beings and sages jointly safeguarding the ritual altar."

 師曰此靈寳一切法中行事之神冝於毎  日遂燒香朝禮行持法具于後  毎日子時起燒香存法院向西法師向東  立垂兩手搯寅叩齒三十六通放訣収手  一拜如見日光圓數丈直照面又兩拜叩  齒九通呪曰 道香徳香無爲清淨香靈寳淨明香供養靈 寳淨明尊六位都法主一切靈寳君帝君及 天君神王諸主宰願我所行法速得遂我心 上報君父母下救衆生苦真炁常滿體役使 諸萬靈萬靈盡歸依急急如律令(呪畢吸太/陽一口吞)  凢遇毎月朔望即子時出庭下搯寅叩齒  三十六通存想十方無極飛天神王侍立  四方青龍白虎朱雀玄武衞身放訣収手  心拜三過叩齒三通後呪 道香德香無爲清淨香靈寳淨明香供養太 上三境尊八極諸天帝淨明靈寳上聖三界 五帝大魔七政五斗諸星辰十方無極無量 品神王官將一切威靈今日欣慶修行至經 惟願安鎭國家濟度天人九祖昇遷萬神侍 衞稽首歸依無極大道(又叩齒三通咽液/三過再拜二過)  師曰於此述識神章一者所以叙行道受  法之人上真護䘙貴在崇奉逐日清旦行  香誦持知其衣服儀衞之像存念不失於  生時因奉至道名受遥勲字載玄譜神澄  氣徹日作真遊死則正入仙階身厠三十  六位靈寳真人之下夫爲靈寳真人者
Interpretation

This scripture records the daily practice liturgy of the Jingming School (a Daoist lineage emphasizing loyalty, filial piety, purity, and illumination). Practitioners must perform specific rituals facing west during the Zi hour (11 PM - 1 AM):

First, incense is lit while the ritual master stands facing east with hands naturally hanging down, forming the Yin hand-seal (a specific Daoist mudra), and tapping the teeth thirty-six times. After releasing the hand-seal, the practitioner bows in worship while visualizing sunlight shining upon the face like a round mirror. Following two more bows and nine teeth-tappings, a special incantation is recited: "The fragrance of Dao, the fragrance of De, the fragrance of non-action (Wuwei) and pure tranquility, the fragrance of Lingbao Jingming...", expressing devotion to the deities and the aspiration to deliver all beings. The ritual concludes by inhaling and swallowing a mouthful of solar essence (Qi).

On new and full moon days, the ceremony becomes more elaborate. Beyond the basic procedures, practitioners visualize the Ten Directional Celestial Guardian Kings (protector deities) and the Four Directional Sacred Animals (Azure Dragon, White Tiger, Vermilion Bird, Black Tortoise) surrounding them, while reciting a longer offering incantation that invokes deities from the Three Realms, praying for national stability and universal salvation.

The scripture concludes by stating that those who diligently maintain this practice will receive protection from higher celestial beings (Shangzhen). Through daily morning incense offerings, scripture recitation, and deity visualization, practitioners can achieve communion with the Dao during their lifetime. After death, they may join the ranks of immortals as "Lingbao Perfected Persons" (accomplished Daoist adepts), ranking just below the thirty-six highest Lingbao Perfected Ones.

Note: The mentioned techniques—"hand-seals" (Qiajue), "teeth-tapping" (Kouchi), and "essence swallowing" (Yanye)—are common Daoist cultivation methods representing mudras, dental percussion, and saliva swallowing respectively, serving to commune with deities and nurture vital energy.

 即天真大神妙行真人之果也如玄中傳  敎聖師者如今日淨明設敎則有玄中大  法師等降汝身中輔汝心性使自達曉故  開一位洞神下敎仙卿者汝等開度人使  忠孝之道淨明之說行之不失有益生齒  必證此位令洞府神仙管攝之 昭應章第四 說經一徧諸天大聖同時稱善是時一國男 女聾病耳皆開聰說經二徧盲者目明說經 三徧喑者能言說經四徧跛痾積逮皆能起 行說經五徧久病痼疾一時復形說經六徧 髪白返黒齒落更生說經七徧老者返壯少 者皆强說經八徧婦人懷娠鳥獸含胎巳生 未生皆得生成說經九徧地蔵發泄金玉露 形說經十徧枯骨更生皆起成人是時一國 是男是女莫不心皆受護度咸得長生  師曰此道君受法之初有此昭應用爲普  召十方眞文有天篆書文一百五十二字     凡奏章等醮儀皆須用此請召十方其文  青紙朱書吸五方炁各一口念靈書上下  品及中篇一徧閉炁以左手搯本師訣卯  文書之先具書云(臣某)聞昔時天尊始篆  說經一徧至畢咸得長生又書云今日欣  慶修齋願得受度書訖以白茅向東方念  呪燒之呪下一叚經自道言至一時同至  乃再拜曰弟子今日欣慶修齋伏願十方  三界衆眞下降臨軒急急如律令(定須細/想聖眞)  (自空/而來)    召神呪
Interpretation

This scripture passage expounds the miraculous efficacy of the "Chapter of Luminous Response" from The Supreme Lingbao Pure Bright Scripture of Flying Immortals for the Salvation of Humanity, along with ritual methods for summoning divine beings.

The text first explains that practitioners of Pure Bright Daoism (a Daoist school emphasizing loyalty, filial piety, and inner cultivation) who attain the rank of "Celestial True Great Divinity and Wondrous Practice Perfected Being" will receive the descent of the Great Master of Mysterious Center (a high-ranking celestial official) to assist their cultivation. By steadfastly upholding the principles of loyalty, filial piety, and Pure Bright teachings, one gains the guidance and governance of grotto-heaven immortals (earthly transcendents).

The scripture then details the miraculous effects of reciting this text: each recitation brings progressively profound healing benefits—from curing deafness and blindness, to enabling the mute to speak and the lame to walk, to healing severe illnesses and reversing aging, and even reviving withered bones and ensuring safe childbirth. After ten recitations, all men and women in the land may attain longevity.

The text emphasizes that these manifestations of efficacy were first revealed when the Dao Lord (a high-ranking Daoist deity) initially transmitted this method. To perform the ritual for summoning the divine beings of the ten directions, one must inscribe 152 celestial seal-script characters (sacred writing) in cinnabar on blue paper. The specific procedure includes:

1. Drawing in the Qi (vital energy) of the five directions

2. Reciting the three-tiered Lingbao scriptures

3. Forming the "Master's Hand Seal" (a specific mudra)

4. First writing reverential phrases such as "Your servant [name] has heard the Celestial Venerable expound the scripture"

5. Pointing white cogongrass toward the east while reciting incantations and burning the talisman

6. Finally kneeling in prayer to invite the Perfected Ones of the ten directions and three realms to descend

The incantation section stresses the importance of devout visualization, imagining the sacred beings descending from the void. The entire ritual must be performed with strict adherence to protocol, reflecting the Daoist liturgical emphasis on meticulous detail and sincere communion with the divine.

道言是時元始天尊說經一徧東方無極無 量品至眞大神無鞅之衆浮空而至說經二 徧南方無極無量品至眞大神無鞅之衆浮 空而至說經三徧西方無極無量品至眞大 神無鞅之衆浮空而至說經四徧北方無極 無量品至眞大神無鞅之衆浮空而至說經 五徧東北無極無量品至眞大神無鞅之衆 浮空而至說經六徧東南無極無量品至真 大神無鞅之衆浮空而至說經七徧西南無 極無量品至眞大神無鞅之衆浮空而至說 經八徧西北無極無量品至眞大神無鞅之 衆浮空而至說經九徧上方無極無量品至 眞大神無鞅之衆浮空而至說經十徧下方 無極無量品至眞大神無鞅之衆浮空而至 十徧周竟十方無極天眞大神一時同至  師曰此道君受法之初諸天皆至用爲燒  眞文呪 洞界章第五 一國男女傾心歸仰來者有如細雨宻霧無 鞅之衆迮國一半土皆偏䧟非可禁止於是 元始天尊懸一寳珠大如黍米在空玄之中 去地五丈元始登引天眞大神上聖髙尊妙 行眞人十方無極至眞大神無鞅數衆俱入 寳珠之中天人仰看唯見勃勃從珠口中入 旣入珠口不知所在國人廓散地還平正無 復欹䧟元始即於寳珠之内說經都竟衆眞 監度以授於我當此之時喜慶難言法事粗 悉諸天復位倐忽之間寂無遺響
Interpretation

This scripture depicts a sacred scene: When the Celestial Venerable of Primordial Beginning (Yuanshi Tianzun, the supreme deity in Daoism) expounds the scriptures, immortal beings and divine sages from the ten directions of the universe gather to listen. With each recitation of the scripture, countless celestial beings arrive from one direction—riding upon clouds, the "Supreme True Great Deities" (zhizhen dashen) from the east, south, west, north, northeast, southeast, southwest, northwest, upper realm, and lower realm descend, each accompanied by innumerable attendants. By the tenth recitation, all the immortals from the ten directions have assembled.

The text explains that this grand occasion marks the first transmission of the Dharma by the Dao Lord (referring to Yuanshi Tianzun), where all celestial deities gather. This scene serves as the origin of the "True Script Incantation for Burning" (shaozhenwen zhou), a ritual involving the burning of talismans.

The fifth chapter, "The Chapter of the Cavern Realm," recounts a miraculous event: When the people of a certain country devoutly converted to the Dao, the crowds arriving to pay homage became as dense as fine rain and thick mist. The sheer volume of people caused half the land to sink and tilt. At this moment, Yuanshi Tianzun suspended a treasure pearl the size of a millet grain in midair, five zhang (about 15 meters) above the ground. He then led all the assembled immortals, sages, and deities of the ten directions into this tiny pearl. Those on the ground looked up and saw the celestial beings entering the pearl like wisps of smoke and clouds, vanishing upon entry. The crowds then dispersed naturally, and the land returned to its level state.

Finally, Yuanshi Tianzun completed his discourse on the scriptures within the pearl, and the gathered immortals bore witness, entrusting the scripture to its transmitter (the inheritor of the text). At that moment, the joy of Dharma (faxi, the bliss of spiritual attainment) permeated the scene, and all rituals were essentially fulfilled. In an instant, the celestial deities returned to the heavens, and silence was restored. This episode illustrates the Daoist cosmological view of "fitting Mount Sumeru into a mustard seed" (naxumi yu jiezi)—the ability to contain the vast within the infinitesimal—while also highlighting the extraordinary origins of this sacred scripture.

 師曰此天尊說經之時有此變化用爲法  師呪黍米隱身存神拘魂制魄之術  右取黍米一升選天德月德日北向左手  搯本師訣卯文右手斗訣先啓白六師眞  師北斗眞君取北斗紫炁七口念呪曰 吾聞元始天尊度人無量說經旣周一國男 女(至)寂無遺響吾今呪此黍米隱身存神拘 魂制魄變化莫測運度無邊急急如太上勑  次吹炁入黍米放淨合内供養毎日存思  吞服    存思法  毎日早晨入靖吞淨明寳籙了取黍米一  百二十粒入室靜坐存泥丸中有青炁心  中有白炁臍中有黄炁三炁俱生如雲覆  身因變成大火燒身身色洞徹内外良久  乃止於是以黍米就服炁以鼻引青炁一  百二十行嚥之止次以水吞米 護身章第六 是時天人遇值經法普得濟度全其本年無 有中傷傾土歸仰咸行善心不殺不害不嫉 不妬不淫不盜不貪不欲不憎不𡜍言無華 綺口無惡聲齊同慈愛異骨成親國安民豐 欣樂太平經始出敎一國以道預有至心崇 奉禮敬皆得度世  師曰此元始天尊爲道君說經之際天人  遇值經法皆生此道心爲法師護身呪  右毎以本命生受胎日於寅上歩罡七徧  念此呪即一切鬼神奸人詭賊欲見害者  皆自消散十方善人皆來欽重如要見貴  人即隔日歩罡而後徃歩罡時存身爲道  君手執道君玉印
Interpretation

This scripture records the cultivation methods of the Jingming (Pure Brightness) school of Daoism (a tradition emphasizing purity of mind), divided into three parts: the millet technique, visualization practice, and protective incantations.

Regarding the millet technique: When the Celestial Worthy expounded the scriptures, he manifested extraordinary transformations. Practitioners must take one liter of millet (a northern grain considered spiritually potent in Daoism) and choose either a Tian De (Heavenly Virtue) or Yue De (Lunar Virtue) day (auspicious dates in Daoism), facing north. With the left hand forming the "Master's Seal" (thumb pressing the base of the ring finger) and the right hand forming the "Dipper Seal" (a special mudra), first offer prayers to the Six True Masters and the True Lord of the Northern Dipper. Then, draw in the purple Qi of the seven stars of the Big Dipper seven times while reciting an incantation praising the Primordial Celestial Worthy’s merit in delivering sentient beings, beseeching the millet to gain powers of invisibility, mental concentration, and control over the soul. Finally, exhale Qi into the millet, store it in a clean container for veneration, and visualize consuming it daily.

The visualization practice is as follows: Each morning after completing the Pure Brightness Talisman Ritual (a Fulu ceremony), take 120 grains of millet and sit in meditation. First, visualize green Qi at the Niwan Palace (upper Dantian) atop the head, white Qi at the heart center, and yellow Qi at the navel—three-colored clouds enveloping the entire body. Next, visualize the body transforming into translucent flames. After sustaining this for a while, inhale green Qi through the nose 120 times while consuming the millet, then swallow it with water.

The protective method states: When the Primordial Celestial Worthy expounds the Dharma to the Dao Lords (high-level immortals), all celestial beings who hear the teachings awaken the Dao-mind. The practice of the protective incantation is as follows: During the hour of Yin (3–5 AM) on one’s birth year or birthday, perform seven circles of Gangbu (Daoist ritual pacing, also called Yu Steps) while reciting the incantation. This causes malevolent ghosts and wicked people to retreat on their own, while virtuous individuals approach with reverence. If one needs to meet an esteemed figure, perform the Gangbu pacing a day in advance while visualizing oneself transforming into a Dao Lord holding a jade seal.

The scripture concludes by emphasizing that those who hear and uphold these teachings will preserve their lives, see their lands unified, and witness their people practicing the Ten Virtues (non-killing, non-stealing, etc.), bringing peace to the nation. Devoted practitioners will all transcend the mundane world.

 右取受胎日法謂如甲子月生以乙卯爲  受胎月戊辰日生戊與癸合辰與酉合癸  酉日受胎日於前戊辰日内尋不前則後 毎年於此日作用不拘            (南斗諱/▲▲▲▲▲▲)            (五行/水火木金土)  已上自取三歩丁罡入魁至魒右歩水至  金右足起歩南斗從尾至頭入斗中以左  挑北斗蓋頭自斗反身出再丁罡歩入北  斗凢七徧止思變爲七身七身如一 傳受章第七 道言元始天尊說經中所言並是諸天上帝 内名隱韻之音亦是魔王内諱百靈之隱名 也非世上之常辭上聖巳成眞人通玄究微 能悉其章誦之十過諸天遥唱萬帝設禮河 海靜黙山嶽藏雲日月停景璇璣不行群魔 束形鬼精滅爽廻尸起死白骨成人至學之 士誦之十過則五帝侍衞三界稽首魔精䘮 眼鬼妖滅爽濟度垂死絶而得生所以爾者 學士穢氣未消體未洞眞召至十方威未制 天政德可伏御地祇束縛魔靈但却死而已 不能更生輕誦此章身則被殃供養尊禮門 戸興隆世世昌熾與善因縁萬災不干神明 護門斯經尊妙獨歩玉京度人無量爲萬道 之宗巍巍大範德難可勝  師曰此是道君授經與靈寳淨明天尊之  時元始所說尊妙如是永爲傳度之先言  右自道言元始天尊說經中所言至德難  可勝續之曰吾今得此袐法以度汝汝冝
Interpretation

This scripture primarily expounds on two aspects: the method for calculating conception dates, and the miraculous effects of reciting Daoist scriptures.

The method for determining conception dates is as follows: If someone is born in the Jiazi month, their conception month is considered to be Yimao. For someone born on the Wuchen day—since Wu pairs with Gui and Chen pairs with You—their conception day is Guiyou. If no suitable date appears within the preceding Wuchen period, the calculation extends forward. Annual rituals may be performed on these specific dates.

The text then describes the ritual practice of Bugang (a special Daoist ceremonial footwork): Begin at the tail of the Southern Dipper (the stellar deity Nandou) and proceed to its head to enter the constellation. Using the left foot, lift the Northern Dipper's (Beidou) celestial canopy, then pivot to exit. This Bugang sequence must be repeated seven times while visualizing the practitioner multiplying into seven manifestations that ultimately reunite into one.

Chapter Seven on Transmission states: The scriptures spoken by the Primordial Heavenly Venerable (Yuanshi Tianzun) contain the secret names of celestial emperors, esoteric phonemes, and the hidden designations of demon kings and myriad spirits—all transcending ordinary language. Only fully realized sages can comprehend their profound mysteries. Devout recitation ten times summons distant responses from celestial immortals, elicits homage from rulers across realms, calms rivers and seas, causes mountains to veil themselves in clouds, halts the sun and moon, immobilizes stars, forces demons to manifest, annihilates specters, and even revives the dead with flesh regenerating on bones.

Practitioners who recite it ten times gain protection from the Five Directional Emperors (Wufang Shangdi), receive reverence from beings across the Three Realms (sanjie—heaven, earth, and humanity), neutralize demonic powers, and rescue the dying. However, those with unresolved impurities or shallow cultivation can only subdue demons and revive the recently deceased—not fully restore life. Reckless recitation may invite calamity, whereas sincere veneration brings familial prosperity, generational flourishing, disaster prevention, and divine guardianship.

The text concludes by emphasizing this scripture's supreme sacredness as the source of ten thousand Daoist paths and the ultimate paradigm. Originally transmitted by the Primordial Heavenly Venerable to the Heavenly Venerable of Numinous Treasure and Pure Radiance (Lingbao Jingming Tianzun), it remains the foremost transmitted classic. These secret methods are now imparted to disciples, who must cherish and diligently practice them.

(Note: "Southern Dipper" and "Northern Dipper" refer to major Daoist stellar deities; "Bugang" denotes ritual footsteps mimicking celestial movements; "Five Emperors" indicates the sovereigns of five directions; "Three Realms" encompass heaven, earth, and the human domain.)

 克心勉勵愼守科戒 說戒具科目章第八 道言凡誦是經十過諸天齊到億曽萬祖幽 魂苦爽皆即受度上昇朱宫格皆九年受化 更生得爲貴人而好學至經功滿德就皆得 神仙飛昇金闕遊宴玉京也  師曰此是道君授經於靈寳淨明天尊之  時具說此經有薦拔祖考超出幽夜之功  用於說戒之後云此乃爲弟子燒草人劵  追資億劫種親  右自道言凡誦是經至玉京也續云吾今  授汝袐法爲汝奉依明科薦拔先亡億劫  眷屬汝得法之後切兾榮華敷揚敎風上  報道君之恩乃爲弟子存念燒草人(事見/本章)  (具/載) 上學之士修誦是經皆即受度飛昇南宮世 人受誦則延壽長年後皆得作尸解之道魂 神暫滅不經地獄即得返形遊行太空此經 微妙普度無窮一切天人莫不受度無量之 福生死蒙惠  師曰此是道君傳經與靈寳淨明天尊之  時受記保舉之詞於拔度弟子先祖魂魄  之後再伸此言加補弟子仙職出給文牒  右燒草人文劵了師就坐說上文目上學  之士至生死蒙惠續云吾今授汝袐法說  超汝玄祖今更依科祈叩上聖髙尊保舉  汝姓名書註玄譜遥補仙階汝愼無忽所  有度補劄牒文付弟子乃以下文勑勵神  將度印 上天所寳不傳下士至士齎金寳効心盟天
Interpretation

Practitioners must restrain selfish desires and diligently cultivate while strictly adhering to Daoist precepts and liturgical (Keyi) norms. This is the content of Chapter Eight from the Scripture on Precepts and Disciplinary Methods.

The Dao Lord (a revered deity in Daoism) proclaimed: Whoever sincerely recites this scripture ten times or more shall witness the descent of celestial deities. Ancestors across countless generations, as well as souls lost in the underworld, will immediately receive liberation and ascend to the Vermilion Palace (a Daoist celestial realm). After nine years of transformative practice, they will be reborn as noble beings. Those who devote themselves to studying this supreme scripture and perfect their merits may ascend as immortals, roaming the Golden Towers and Jade Capital (the highest heavenly realm).

The Patriarch explained: These were the words spoken by the Dao Lord when transmitting the scripture to the Celestial Worthy of Numinous Treasure and Pure Radiance (Lingbao Jingming Tianzun). This scripture possesses the miraculous power to liberate ancestors and illuminate the underworld. After expounding the precepts, the Dao Lord specifically instructed disciples to perform rituals involving the burning of straw effigies (symbolic substitutes in Daoist salvation rites) and written petitions to redeem karmic ties across lifetimes.

Seasoned practitioners who recite this scripture can directly ascend to the Southern Palace (a celestial realm in the south). Ordinary devotees may prolong their lifespans through recitation, and after death, attain liberation via the "corpse liberation" (Shijie, a Daoist method of transcendence where the physical body appears deceased while the spirit ascends). Their souls will enter temporary quiescence without descending into hell, soon reforming new bodies to wander the cosmos. This scripture's profound mysteries universally deliver all beings—whether celestial or mortal—bestowing immeasurable blessings and liberation from the cycle of life and death.

The Patriarch further clarified: When transmitting the scripture to the Celestial Worthy of Numinous Treasure and Pure Radiance, the Dao Lord, after redeeming disciples' ancestral souls, granted special assurances of divine recommendation. Through specific liturgies (Keyi), celestial appointment documents were issued, remotely conferring immortal ranks (Xianjie) upon disciples. Following the straw effigy and petition-burning ritual, the Patriarch commanded divine generals to execute the work of salvation.

Finally, it was emphasized: This celestial scripture—a treasure of the heavens—is not lightly transmitted to ordinary people. Only sincere seekers who prepare ritual gold and treasures (offerings and implements) and swear oaths to heaven may receive it.

而傳輕泄漏慢殃及九祖長役鬼官侍經五 帝玉童玉女各二十四人營衞神文保護受 經者身  師曰此是道君授經之時差玉童玉女護  度弟子因作是語今爲定格  右補職弟子了念上天所寳至受經者身  續云凡受仙官必有將佐汝冝修檢  次念勑勵官將呪勑曰洞神有約元帥帝  君司惡司善史吏精勤玉童玉女保衞侍  經一切佐治不得違盟  右以左手搯中指玉皇文一發而出面中  山取炁一口吹弟子次付法書劒印付弟  子畢再念下文 道言正月長齋誦詠是經爲上世亡魂斷地 逮役度上南宮七月長齋誦詠是經身得神 仙諸天書名黄籙白簡削死上生十月長齋 誦詠是經與國王帝主君臣父子安鎭國祚 保天長存世世不絶常爲人君安鎭其方民 稱太平八節之日誦詠是經得爲九宫眞人 本命之日誦詠是經魂神澄正萬炁長存不 經苦惱身有光明三界侍衞五帝司迎萬神 朝禮名書上天功滿德就飛昇上清  師曰此是道君傳度之後重伸勸戒靈寳  淨明天尊之詞謝恩畢以示叮嚀委曲之  意  師曰凡傳度隨力建醮行科三獻宣詞訖  就六位前左設香案坐法師存神戴逺遊  冠衣絳綾文袍青巾單皂襈赤舄衣朱裳  手執玉珪銅佩如洞神下敎仙卿先拜祖  師衆眞畢就傍立爲弟子說戒弟子各長
Interpretation

This passage details the rituals and precautions for transmitting the Supreme Lingbao Jingming Scripture on the Flight of Immortals for the Salvation of Humanity. The scripture warns that treating the transmission with disrespect or revealing celestial secrets will bring misfortune upon nine generations of ancestors, condemning the offender to serve ghostly officials after death. Conversely, those who receive the scripture with sincere devotion will be protected by twenty-four Jade Youths and twenty-four Jade Maidens (Daoist guardian deities), who safeguard both the scripture and the recipient's physical form.

When the Dao Lord (a revered Daoist deity) transmits scriptures, he specially dispatches these Jade Youths and Maidens to protect disciples—a tradition upheld to this day. The text emphasizes that all who receive immortal offices must be assisted by guardian deities, necessitating strict self-discipline from practitioners.

Following this is an incantation commanding the guardian deities—including the Cavern Spirits (Dongshen, scripture guardians), marshals, imperial lords, as well as officials recording merits and faults, and the Jade Youths and Maidens—to diligently protect the scripture without violating their covenant. The ritual master must form the "Jade Emperor Mudra" by pressing the left middle finger, face Zhongshan (likely a specific direction), draw in a breath of vital Qi (qi), and exhale it toward the disciple before bestowing the sacred text, sword, and ritual seal.

The scripture further prescribes the merits of recitation during specific seasons:

  • First lunar month: Purification and recitation liberate ancestral souls.
  • Seventh lunar month: Purification and recitation lead to immortal attainment.
  • Tenth lunar month: Purification and recitation ensure national stability.
  • Eight Solar Terms: Recitation enables one to become a Nine Palaces Realized Being (Jiugong Zhenren).
  • Birth year cycle (Benming): Recitation purifies the ethereal and corporeal souls (hun and po), culminating in ascension to the Supreme Clarity Heaven (Shangqing Tian).

Finally, the Dao Lord reiterates that after transmission, a thanksgiving ritual (Zhaijiao) must be performed. The ritual master dons a yuanyou crown, prescribed robes, jade tablets, and bronze pendants, first pays homage to ancestral masters and perfected beings, then imparts precepts to the disciple. The entire ceremony, solemn and majestic, embodies the sacredness of Daoist scripture transmission.

 跪法師先祝香皈依三寳爲君王師資禱  福次自道言元始天尊說經中所言至德  難可勝吾今得此袐法用以度汝等汝等  冝克心勉勵愼守戒科弟子遵聽法師就  坐演說十戒 一者無忘八極  忠者欽之極孝者順之極廉者清之極謹  者戒之極寛者廣之極裕者樂之極容者  和之極忍者智之極天以斗爲極地以嶽  爲極天以有極則能聚衆炁地以有極則  能聚衆形屋以有極則能聚衆木人之有  八極亦如是也故能集善善立則道備道  備則所聞所見自然廓開所應所修自然  順適此得靈寳淨明飛仙度人之基也 二者無忘鑑水  鑑者喻心水者喻性心明則萬法皆照性  淨則五濁不歸道之在人圓通非蒙蔽可  了非操動可達托鑑水而悟心性此得靈  寳淨明飛仙之體也 三者無忘日録  日録者所以修檢善惡之處世患不能自  知患不能聞不能聽言則無所益今以日  録録日所爲不可下筆處皆已非也改之  爲貴則日録者不敎之師也不說之反也  不詔之君父不約之法度不可忘之此得  靈寳淨明飛仙之相也 四者無忘追度安鎭人之所親不過父母所 尊不過君王上知君王父祖之德而思必報 者追度安鎮是也  追者謂誦經行符上爲父祖六親之過去  者以資冥路度者謂誦經行符上爲父祖
Interpretation

When practicing the Supreme Lingbao Jingming Scripture on the Flight of Immortals for the Salvation of Humanity, one must first pay respects to the master, light incense, and devoutly take refuge in the Three Treasures of Dao (the Way), scriptures, and masters (the highest objects of faith in Daoism), offering prayers for rulers and teachers. Next, one must remember the teachings of the Celestial Worthy of Primordial Beginning (the highest deity in Daoism) in the scriptures: these supreme principles are difficult to fully comprehend, and now that I have received these secret transmissions, I shall use them to liberate you. You must sincerely encourage yourselves and strictly adhere to the precepts.

The master then begins to impart ten essential precepts:

First, one must firmly uphold the "Eight Ultimates" principle. Loyalty is the ultimate reverence, filial piety the ultimate obedience, integrity the ultimate purity, vigilance the ultimate caution, magnanimity the ultimate tolerance, abundance the ultimate joy, harmony the ultimate unity, and forbearance the ultimate wisdom. Just as the heavens revolve around the North Star as their axis, and the earth relies on mountains as its foundation. The heavens need an axis to gather Qi (vital energy), the earth requires a foundation to bear all things, and a house needs beams and pillars to remain stable. When a person embodies these eight ultimate virtues, they accumulate good deeds. Once goodness is established, the path of Dao is complete; when the path is complete, one's vision naturally expands, and cultivation flows smoothly. This is the foundation for achieving the Lingbao Jingming Flight of Immortals.

Second, one must always contemplate the metaphor of "mirror and water." The bronze mirror represents the human heart, while clear water symbolizes one's innate nature. When the heart is clear, it reflects all things; when one's nature is pure, it transcends the Five Turbidities (Buddhist concept referring to the turbidity of the kalpa, views, afflictions, sentient beings, and lifespan). A Daoist cultivator must be open and adaptable, neither ignorant and closed off nor overly hasty. Understanding the heart and nature through the mirror-water metaphor is the root of attaining the Lingbao Jingming Flight of Immortals.

Third, one must persist in the practice of "daily records." The daily record is a ledger of merits and faults, documenting one's words and deeds each day. People often suffer from self-ignorance and unwillingness to heed advice, rendering verbal admonishments ineffective. By recording daily actions in the ledger, anything one hesitates to write down is surely a fault. Timely correction is most valuable. This ledger is a silent teacher, wordless advice, a ruler who commands without speaking, and unwritten laws—never to be forgotten. It is the hallmark of cultivating the Lingbao Jingming Flight of Immortals.

Fourth, one must practice "liberation and pacification." Nothing is closer than parents, and nothing more revered than rulers. Understanding the kindness of rulers and ancestors demands repayment—this is the meaning of liberation and pacification. "Liberation" refers to chanting scriptures and drawing talismans to save deceased parents, ancestors, and the six relatives (father, mother, elder brother, younger brother, wife, and children), aiding their passage in the underworld. "Pacification" involves chanting scriptures and performing talismanic rites for living parents and ancestors...

 六親之存者以資福筭安鎭者謂誦經行  符上祝國王帝主聖壽安鎭四方召龍行  雨驅妖馘毒保護民物禳度星辰皆其一  也或在家行祖父之志在官分君主之職  種種利益有可報稱皆即爲之凡本之葉  落尚自糞其本根復命之義也人之報本  不可不勉此得靈寳淨明飛仙度人之冝  也 五者無忘救治  救治之術慈憫爲先凡有病者爲其誦經  行符至誠禳却如己父母男女凢有方便  種種惠澤皆盡其心只如莅官行法務布  隂功寛平設法思久而有弊三省而行智  勇用兵思進而有敗三省而動其或修治  橋梁當塗種植有益於世者皆力行之夫  人之有慈念如木之有本根人而不仁不  逮於禽獸故昔有猩猩活象義鶻搏蛇救  難除害有如此者可不思之此得靈寳淨  明飛仙度人之由也 六者無忘服煉  服煉之術叅同天地効法隂陽念念正眞  存存不缺則自然超脱變化無方今之蟲  豸有能捨陸走而至飛翔脱川游而遂奔  逸在物旣爾人胡不然此得靈寳淨明飛  仙度人之方也 七者無忘剛㓗  剛則有守而不行非淫㓗則戒汚而不慕  非食不淫則不損身之精神戒食則不殺  物之性命見人妻女如已尊親見物性命  如己所生自然精神全而𡨚對少此得靈  寳淨明飛仙度人之實也 八者無忘儉約
Interpretation

This passage elucidates several key principles of cultivation from the Supreme Lingbao Jingming Feixian Duren Scripture Method.

The first principle states that "for living relatives, accumulate blessings through practice." This means practitioners should recite scriptures to generate merit for their family members. Specific methods include: praying for national stability and the emperor's longevity; summoning dragon kings to bring timely rain; dispelling demonic influences and poisons; protecting common people and all living beings; and performing rituals to neutralize astrological misfortunes. Whether maintaining ancestral traditions at home or serving in government office, one must repay fundamental debts—like fallen leaves returning to roots—which constitutes the foundational requirement of Lingbao Jingming Feixian Duren practice.

The fifth principle emphasizes "never neglecting healing." Compassion forms the basis of healing—when encountering the sick, recite scriptures and draw talismans (fulu) with sincere devotion as if treating one's own parents or children. Officials should accumulate hidden virtue through governance, considering long-term policy consequences, and exercise caution in military affairs. All benevolent acts—building bridges, repairing roads, planting trees—should be pursued diligently. Human compassion resembles a tree's roots; without benevolence, humans become inferior to beasts—the text cites examples like gibbons rescuing elephants or righteous hawks catching snakes.

The sixth principle focuses on "never abandoning refinement." Cultivation requires comprehending cosmic laws, emulating Yin-Yang transformations, and maintaining unwavering right mindfulness to naturally transcend mundanity. Just as certain creatures evolve from crawling to flying or swimming to running—since all beings transform, why shouldn't humans? This embodies the Lingbao Jingming Feixian Duren method.

The seventh principle stresses "never forgetting steadfast purity." Steadfastness preserves boundaries against indulgence; purity rejects defilement and greed. Restraint conserves one's vital essence (jing) and Qi; dietary moderation prevents killing. Regarding others' wives and daughters as one's own elders, and all living beings as one's flesh and blood, naturally completes the spirit (shen) and reduces calamities—this constitutes cultivation's essence.

The eighth principle highlights "never abandoning frugality." Though the full text isn't presented, contextual clues indicate it advocates simple living and desire restraint. Through concrete behavioral guidelines, this scripture passage illustrates how Jingming Dao (a Daoist school) practitioners accumulate merit and elevate their state via daily practice.

 凡所衣服食用當知皆是元始祖炁化生  灰水蕩穢不用修飾粟麥充饑不用珍庖  此得靈寳淨明飛仙度人之福也 九者無忘願約  願者從初入道時發心約者自初入道後  設誓天地神明司之無輙中變洞神有科  不得不愼此得靈寳淨明飛仙度人之念  也 十者無忘師友  師者所以敎友者所以勸敎汝者似父勸  汝者似兄孰謂父兄而可不欽重而委棄  乎此得靈寳淨明飛仙度人之宗也  次明經中大略區貫七事(載于/釋例)  一明元始祖炁從何而生先化玉字而後  發生造化二明生育混沌陶冶萬物三明  靈寳大法自然生成圖書總括萬象爲三  才機紐含融於黄素之書要約於淨明三  十五篇之奥詳悉於飛仙度人之寳法四  明靈寳大法爲三洞之祖敎黄素則蓄其  造化淨明則著其關鍵飛仙度人寳法貫  而詳通發指樞戸者也五明人生體法元  始造立混沌聖胎法身六明元始祖炁無  形之先作何比擬降氣成質是生萬寳今  世作何體狀採煉此炁以爲寳餌之登眞  七明得此法者上則白日登昇次則長生  度世或得尸解之道務在觀心無心乃是  眞心觀形無形乃是眞形心形都無目入  無形則太定神光湛然見玉清境乃白日  上昇法也弟子再拜復跪  法師重伸戒言自道言凢誦是經十過至
Interpretation

The clothes we wear daily and the food we consume are all transformations of the Primordial Ancestral Qi (Yuanshi Zuqi, the most fundamental energy of the cosmos). Using plant ash water for cleansing requires no excessive adornment, and eating coarse grains for sustenance needs no pursuit of rare delicacies. Understanding this principle brings the blessings of the Lingbao Jingming tradition's celestial ascension and salvation.

Article Nine emphasizes remembering one's original vows. The "vow" refers to the initial aspiration made upon entering the Dao, while the "pledge" constitutes the oath sworn to heaven, earth, and deities after initiation. These are overseen by divine beings and cannot be altered arbitrarily. The Dongzhen (Cavern of Perfection, a Daoist cultivation realm) has strict protocols that demand reverent observance. Maintaining this conviction is essential for attaining the true essence of Lingbao Jingming's celestial path.

Article Ten teaches eternal reverence for teachers and fellow practitioners. Teachers guide like fathers, while fellow practitioners advise like elder brothers. How could any child disrespect or betray their father or elder brother? Comprehending this fundamental principle is key to grasping the core tenets of Lingbao Jingming's salvational methods.

The scripture's essence unfolds through seven aspects: First, it explains how Primordial Ancestral Qi first manifests as sacred jade characters before generating all phenomena. Second, it describes cosmic emergence from primordial chaos. Third, it reveals how Lingbao's supreme methods naturally formed scriptural records that encapsulate cosmic patterns—these texts, crystallized in the Huangsu Scriptures (key Daoist texts), contain the essence of the Thirty-Five Jingming Chapters and the precious methods of celestial ascension.

Fourth, it clarifies how Lingbao's teachings form the foundation of the Three Caverns (Dongzhen/Dongxuan/Dongshen, the tripartite Daoist canon). The Huangsu Scriptures document cosmic creation, the Jingming Classic discloses essential formulas, while the Salvation Methods systematically detail cultivation pathways. Fifth, it expounds how the human body originates from primordial purity and can attain the sacred Chaos Embryo Body (supreme cultivation achievement). Sixth, it examines Primordial Qi's formless state, its transformative generation of all things, and contemporary methods for gathering this energy as elixir for transcendence.

Seventh, it reveals practitioners' potential outcomes: supreme achievers ascend in daylight, middling adepts attain immortality, while lesser practitioners achieve liberation through corpse-deliverance (a mode of transcendence). The crux lies in observing the mind until "no-mind" becomes true mind, and contemplating form until "formlessness" becomes true form. When both mind and body return to emptiness, one enters the Great Stability—divine illumination reveals the Jade Clarity Realm (highest celestial plane), the very method of daylight ascension. Disciples hearing this should again kneel in reverence.

The ritual master reaffirms precepts: "For those who recite this scripture beyond ten repetitions..."

 玉京也吾旣授法於汝今再爲汝等奉依  明科薦拔先亡至上報大道之恩弟子再  拜起身序立  法師依法宣讀歴關諸天元姑符命等文  次存思燒草人符劵(事見拔亡傳/度章燒訖)次法師  復位弟子再拜謝跪  法師重伸戒言自上學之士至飛昇上清  (見傅/度章)次法師同弟子起謝醮㑹髙眞依儀  送神法事  師曰於此出科品二章以明入道之儀 職品章第九  師曰凡受飛仙度人寳法者夙名玄譜巳  注仙籍依科補職序其髙下隨功計遷以  證將來入道之果故於此立職品  師曰凡授飛仙度人寳法隂注陽報入職  有三等一曰入天樞局一曰太玄都省局  又有洞神堂今依三等渾其髙下爲弟子  考課遀其慶源福基深淺叙次  一初地學法與入天樞職制  一中地學法與入太玄都省職制  一上地學法與洞神堂三景諸天職制(以/上)  (三等隨受法/深淺入局)  師曰凡三等職制之外有階階者由仙佐  至眞公之仙階凡八等功力顯著者入褒  榮袐格凡三等四字以至二字  師曰職有文武二等在天樞院曰文武職  在太玄曰文林武林在洞神曰文郎武郎  凡有不識字未通儒典義意未知唯慕道  者入武林  師曰天樞爲常選太玄爲童選洞神三景  諸天爲宻選凡以此分三等重選壓常選
Interpretation

The Daoist scripture Supreme Numinous Treasure Jingming Flying Immortal Salvation Scripture records a complete ordination ritual and hierarchical system for celestial offices. Here we find the detailed procedure when a master transmits the Flying Immortal Salvation Method to disciples:

First, the master formally announces the transmission of the method to the disciples, then leads them in performing standardized rituals to honor ancestors and repay the grace of the Great Dao (Daode). After the disciples perform prostrations and stand solemnly, the master reads various celestial documents (such as the Primordial Commands) according to the protocol. The salvation segment is then completed through visualization practices (a form of meditative cultivation) and the burning of straw effigies with talismanic contracts—a specialized ritual for liberating deceased souls.

The scripture meticulously classifies practitioners of this method into three major hierarchical levels: the first rank enters the Celestial Pivot Bureau, the second rank enters the Supreme Mysterious Capital Bureau, and the third rank enters the Cavern Spirit Hall (Dongshen Tang). These three levels correspond to disciples' cultivation attainments: beginners correspond to the Celestial Pivot offices, intermediate practitioners to the Supreme Mysterious Capital offices, and advanced adepts to the Three Radiances and Celestial Realms offices of the Cavern Spirit Hall.

Beyond these three office systems, there exists an eight-grade immortal hierarchy ranging from Immortal Attendants to True Dukes. Those with particularly outstanding merits may receive honorary titles called "Secret Honors of Commendation," classified as three-character honors or two-character honors. Each office system further divides into civil and military branches: the Celestial Pivot Bureau establishes civil and military offices, the Supreme Mysterious Bureau establishes Forest of Letters and Forest of Martial Arts, while the Cavern Spirit Hall appoints Literary Gentlemen and Martial Gentlemen. Notably, the Forest of Martial Arts was specifically established for illiterate but sincerely devoted seekers of the Dao (Daode).

The selection methods also fall into three categories: the Celestial Pivot follows regular selection, the Supreme Mysterious employs preliminary selection (youth selection), while the Cavern Spirit's Three Radiances and Celestial Realms use secret selection. Among these three levels, secret selection holds the highest status, while regular selection ranks lowest.

 其預宻而階仙佐者壓重選常選内洞神  乃三洞之要地一曰洞神一曰洞玄一曰  洞眞皆有堂而洞玄洞眞自非位在天帝  無因入此堂也而洞神者赤明開圖之時  天仙之所貴官卑而地要三景之職而非  洞神之職者在洞神之下(巳上並岀天樞/太玄二都録須)  (知及洞神都/總職制律今) 存思章第十  道言行道之日皆當香湯沐浴入淨室東  向叩齒三十二通上聞三十二天心拜三  十二過閉目靜思身坐青黄白三色雲氣  之中内外蓊㝠有青龍白虎朱雀玄武獅  子白鶴羅列左右日月照明洞映室内項  生圓象光映十方如此分明宻呪曰 貪羅鬱羅符無蘇陀太冲太極隂陽包和出 有入無入生出死鬼神莫測變化自然元始 混氣玄中之玄上干有終下洞大淵誦之一 徧沈痾自痊錬魂浴魄真陽自全齋戒禮誦 萬過飛仙無上袐呪受命綿綿重宣心呪貪 羅洞明玉清上極梵氣氤氲分靈布氣降汪 付身形神俱妙與道合真(臣)身得道七祖飛 昇一如金格統攝萬靈急急如元始玄都律 令 無上玄元太上道君召出(臣)身中三五功曹 左右使者侍香金童傳言玉女五帝直符直 日香官各三十二人關啓所言今日吉慶長 齋清堂修行至經無量度人轉經受生願所 啓上徹逕御
Interpretation

This scripture expounds the methods of attaining celestial ascension through the practice of "Pure Brightness Dharma" (a Daoist method emphasizing inner purity and luminous clarity). It states that becoming an immortal official requires rigorous selection, with the Dongshen (Cavern Spirit) realm being the most accessible preliminary stage for cultivators.

Immortal cultivation progresses through three key levels: Dongshen (Cavern Spirit), Dongxuan (Cavern Mystery), and Dongzhen (Cavern Perfection). The higher realms of Dongxuan and Dongzhen remain fundamentally inaccessible except to beings of Celestial Emperor stature. Yet the Dongshen realm, valued by celestial immortals since the "Red Brilliance Opening of the Cosmos" (the Daoist cosmological era of primordial creation), holds crucial status despite its modest rank. Officials overseeing the "Three Luminaries" (sun, moon, and stars) who haven't attained Dongshen status remain subordinate to those who have.

The cultivation methods detail precise ritual protocols: Practitioners must first bathe in fragrant water before entering a purified chamber facing east. They perform thirty-two tooth-knocking sequences (a Daoist practice connecting heaven and earth), make thirty-two prostrations to the celestial realms, then sit in silent meditation with closed eyes. The visualization involves imagining oneself seated upon auspicious clouds of azure, yellow, and white hues, surrounded by the Four Celestial Guardians (Azure Dragon, White Tiger, Vermilion Bird, and Black Tortoise) with lions and white cranes standing guard. The sun and moon's radiance illuminates the entire practice space while a halo of circular light emerges above the head, shining in all directions.

Next comes the silent recitation of secret incantations, whose essence conveys: "Through the harmonizing power of Yin-Yang, transcend the boundaries of life and death in mysteries unfathomable even to spirits." A single recitation purportedly cures grave illnesses, purifies the soul, and completes one's True Yang Qi. Ten thousand repetitions with fasting observance allegedly enables celestial ascension. The practice concludes by invoking the body's guardian spirits (according to Daoist belief, every person contains inner protectors like Merit Officials, Golden Boys, and Jade Maidens) to transmit the cultivator's aspirations directly to the celestial courts.

The entire passage emphasizes how rigorous ritual observance, visualization techniques, and mantra recitation can achieve the state where "form and spirit both attain wonder, merging with the Dao in truth"—benefiting not only the practitioner's enlightenment but also redeeming seven generations of ancestors. The closing phrase "By the immediate mandate of the Primordial Mysterious Capital" represents a standard Daoist incantation formula denoting instantaneous efficacy.

無上三十二天元始上帝至尊几前(引氣三/十二過) (東/向)  師曰此諸靈寶真人誦經存思之法凡行  只念度人本章以崇修功德者永作定制 太上靈寶淨明飛仙度人
Interpretation

This passage describes a cultivation method recorded in the Supreme Lingbao Jingming Feixian Duren Scripture and Methods. It mentions that before the throne of the Primordial Celestial Sovereign (the highest deity in Daoism) in the Thirty-Two Heavens (the highest celestial realm in Daoism), practitioners must first perform a ritual of drawing in Qi (vital energy) thirty-two times.

The specific practice involves facing east while receiving this method transmitted by one's master. This technique, used by the perfected beings (zhenren) of the Lingbao (Numinous Treasure) tradition, combines scripture recitation with cunsi (visualization meditation). Those who cultivate according to this method need only concentrate on chanting the core chapters of the Duren Jing (Salvation Scripture) to accumulate merit. This practice has been established as an eternal and unchanging standard.

The content originates from the first volume of the Supreme Lingbao Jingming Feixian Duren Scripture and Methods, emphasizing the cultivation method of coordinated scripture recitation and breath regulation in specific orientations. It represents one of the essential practices of the Jingming (Pure Brightness) tradition, an important Daoist school during the Song and Yuan dynasties.

經法卷一

Vol. 2

太上靈寳淨明飛仙度人經法卷二髪二    髙明大使神功妙濟眞君許旌陽釋  叙經(言其道⬤有常也使後之達者因耀/觀釋明例釋例二卷以象地合三十)  (二章以成三十二天/叙經四卷以象四睛) 開化章第一 元始洞玄靈寶本章上品妙首十回度人百 魔隱韻離合自然混沌赤文無無上眞元始 祖炁化生諸天開明三景是爲天根上無復 祖唯道爲身  仙師曰此是元始說本章中篇是祖炁之  先巳有此炁變結成文遂有赤書及二篇  靈書之符淨明寳圖爲化生之根本今書  元始靈書中篇佩服行持救人治病於未  誦洞章存神以前先黙念上文畢續云某  今日欣慶㑹入事書北玉字伏願天恩開  度心拜訖存思如法(法事具/載本章) 化生章第二 五文開廓普植神靈無文不光無文不明無 文不立無文不成無文不度無文不生是爲 大梵  師曰此是說經叙述中篇及二品靈書之  炁化爲赤書赤書之炁化爲文物今書五  老赤書五芽玉字凢書符未召神存思之  前先念上文續云今日慶㑹入事伏願天  恩開度 建立章第三 天中之天鬱羅蕭臺玉山上京上極無上大 羅玉清渺渺劫仭若亡若存三華離便大有 妙庭金闕玉房森羅淨霐  師曰此是說玉字之炁化生諸天而玉清
Interpretation

This scripture is a key text of the Jingming (Pure Brightness) school of Daoism, expounded by Xu Xun (also known as Xu Jingyang, one of the Four Great Celestial Masters [Tianshi] in Daoism). The scripture primarily explains how the Celestial Worthy of Primordial Beginning (Yuanshi Tianzun, the supreme deity in Daoism) employs the Numinous Treasure (Lingbao, referring to the profound methods of Daoist cultivation) to deliver sentient beings.

The opening section describes how the Primordial Ancestral Qi (Xiantian Zuqi, the most fundamental energy) of Yuanshi Tianzun gives birth to all celestial realms and phenomena, representing the foundation of the cosmos. The text emphasizes that the Dao is the supreme noumenon, and through specific talismanic writings (Red Scripts) and cultivation methods (such as visualization [cunsi] and incantation recitation), one can heal illnesses and save lives. Practitioners must silently recite particular mantras before reading the scripture, maintaining reverent mindfulness and following prescribed ritual procedures.

The second section discusses the miraculous power of the "Five Scripts" (wu wen, five sacred writings), which contain the creative energy that generates all things. Before drawing talismans [fulu] to summon deities, practitioners must first recite specific scripture passages to seek divine revelation from heaven.

The third section depicts the supreme celestial realm of Daoism - the Jade Purity Realm (Yuqing jing), where magnificent golden and jade palaces (the Jade Mountain Upper Capital and other celestial structures) exist beyond time and space as the highest form of existence. These sacred spaces are all manifestations formed by the "Qi of Jade Characters" (yu zi zhi qi, the energy of sacred writings).

The cultivation methods described in the scripture include:

1. Visualization (cunsi) - meditative contemplation

2. Mantra recitation (nianzhou) - silent chanting of specific scriptures

3. Talisman inscription (shufu) - drawing Daoist talismans

4. Ritual prostration (baili) - reverent ceremonial bows

All these practices must be performed in strict accordance with the ritual sequences recorded in the scripture, aiming to achieve the state of uniting with the Dao and ascending to immortality.

 之境在中爲天中之天鬰羅蕭臺者玉清  天寳又重而靈寳神寳三丈人之炁在空  懸之中不見可聞若亡若存三華者炁分  爲三金闕玉房森羅淨霐炁變而有形也  今人分大梵祖炁以有其身當與天地合  故上文爲存思三炁之法  師曰行飛仙度人之道者當以本命太歳  其夜亥時漏水下七刻入室朝眞再拜靜  坐存思己身丹田下有池皆金玉砌岸上  有金闕玉房樓臺三層太上老君在下層  太上道君在中層元始天尊在上層其臺  直向頂門而三君所坐正當丹田絳宫泥  九三處有三色雲炁毫光自泥丸出叩齒  九通呪曰  天中之天至森羅淨霐止搯都監訣書三  華符各一道第一符    第二符    第三符  右吞一道符存入丹田有紅氣上透泥丸  吞第二道符存入丹田有紅氣上透絳宫  吞第三道符存入丹田有紅氣與前二氣  升降交合凡九次成青黄白三氣衝頂門  作祥雲如車蓋乃微祝曰金房之内有三  君變化大梵生寳璘正氣眞精入玄玄結  成瓊臺體自然巍巍凌空髙三層流霞丹  霄翼瓊田上通稜層九重天下有萬丈幽  谷泉合會洞門造靈根三華寳耀生明鮮  (呪畢咽氣/九口止) 度世章第四 大行梵炁周廻十方中有度人不死之神中 有南極長生之君中有度世司馬大神中有
Interpretation

This scripture describes the core principles of the Daoist "Ascending Immortal Salvation" cultivation method. Practitioners must enter meditation at a specific auspicious hour (the Hai hour during one's birth year, approximately 9-11 PM) and visualize three crucial energy centers within the body:

First, visualize a golden-jade pool beneath the Dantian (lower abdominal energy center), surrounded by a three-tiered terrace. On the lowest level sits Lord Lao (one of the Three Pure Ones), the middle level holds the Dao Lord Lao, while the uppermost terrace is occupied by the Celestial Worthy of Primordial Beginning. These three terraces correspond to the body's vital regions: the Dantian, Crimson Palace (heart region), and Muddy Pellet Palace (crown point at the top of the head).

The practice involves coordinated rituals including teeth-tapping, incantation recitation, and talisman ingestion:

1. First form the "Supervisor's Seal" hand mudra while inscribing three "Three Splendors Talismans"

2. Ingest the talismans sequentially, visualizing crimson Qi ascending to different bodily regions

3. When the three energy currents complete nine cycles of circulation and fusion within the body, they manifest as auspicious clouds of azure, yellow, and white emerging from the crown

The concluding "Salvation Chapter" reveals that the cosmos is permeated with the Great Primordial Ancestral Qi (primordial life force), containing deities like the Southern Pole Longevity Lord and Salvation Marshal who grant immortality. Through this visualization method harmonizing with cosmic Qi, practitioners attain the cultivation state of "uniting one's De (virtue) with Heaven and Earth."

(Note: The "Three Splendors" refer to the Three Treasures of Jing (essence), Qi (vital energy), and Shen (spirit); "Golden Tower and Jade Chamber" honorifically denotes vital bodily cavities; "Crimson Palace" indicates the heart region while "Muddy Pellet" refers to the crown point at the head's apex.)

好生轉君文人中有南上司命司録延壽益 筭度厄尊神廻骸起死無量度人今日校録 諸天臨軒  師曰此言元始化生之初發揮大梵彌羅  十方分炁流光以有衆聖救度無量今爲  發符呪凡救治申發章奏追度安鎭悉遣  飛天神王隨方而往  凡用淨明須存思呪內衆眞及六師臨軒  方遣將念呪自大行梵炁至諸天臨軒呪  時面東恰卯文吸五方五色炁五口發揮  時放訣嘘炁一口出五色 東方無極飛天神王長生大聖無量度人 南方無極飛天神王長生大聖無量度人 西方無極飛天神王長生大聖無量度人 北方無極飛天神王長生大聖無量度人 東北方無極飛天神王長生大聖無量度人 東南方無極飛天神王長生大聖無量度人 西南方無極飛天神王長生大聖無量度人 西北方無極飛天神王長生大聖無量度人 上方無極飛天神王長生大聖無量度人 下方無極飛天神王長生大聖無量度人 十方至眞飛天神王長生度世無量大神並 乗飛雲丹輿緑輦羽蓋瓊輪驂駕朱鳳五色 玄龍建九色之節十絶靈旛前嘯九鳳齊唱 後吹入鸞同鳴獅子白鶴嘯歌邕邕五老啓 途群仙翼轅億乗萬騎浮空而來  師曰此言遣神王行事存思也初天尊遣  神王下度億劫萬品之時其儀衞如此今  法師治事用關牒如常儀分明書事因隨
Interpretation

This passage describes the Feixian Duren (Flying Immortals' Salvation Ritual) of the Jingming (Pure Brightness) school of Daoism, which emphasizes loyalty, filial piety, and spiritual purity. It mentions deities like the Southern High Officers of Destiny and Records (deities governing lifespan and blessings) who can prolong life, increase fortune, resolve misfortunes, and even revive the deceased. The scripture records how the Celestial Worthy of Primordial Beginning (Yuanshi Tianzun, the supreme Daoist deity), during the creation of the cosmos, transformed the Great Brahma Qi (the primordial cosmic energy) to manifest the ten directions of existence, dispatching numerous saints and perfected beings to save all sentient beings.

When performing this ritual, practitioners must visualize the descent of various true deities and the Six Masters (six ancestral teachers) mentioned in the incantations. The specific method involves facing east, forming the Maowen hand seal (a specific mudra), inhaling the five-colored Qi (blue, red, white, black, and yellow representing the five directions) from all directions. While reciting the incantation from "Great Brahma Qi" to "All Heavens Approach the Pavilion," one exhales to release five-colored radiance.

The scripture enumerates the titles of the Ten Directions' Limitless Flying Celestial Kings (ten guardian generals), describing their celestial processions riding flying clouds, crimson chariots, and emerald carriages, accompanied by nine-colored banners and ten supreme spirit streamers. Nine phoenixes sing before them, while luan birds harmonize behind, with lions and white cranes joining in chorus. The Five Elder Immortals (five ancient perfected beings) lead the way, flanked by hosts of immortals guarding the procession, as countless celestial soldiers and generals come riding clouds.

Finally, it explains that this records the ceremonial procession when the Celestial Worthy dispatched these divine kings to save beings. Today, when Daoist priests perform this ritual, they must follow standard procedures by drafting official documents (guan die) stating the purpose before dispatching the divine generals. The entire ceremony connects with the divine through visualization of the generals' descent, coordinated with breathwork and hand seals, aiming to assist departed souls and resolve misfortunes.

 方所遣之如上方則關告上天下方則關  告九地不歴四方者用之凡所遣關引上  以朱書神王眞篆於其差役處以淨明法  主印印之仍書淨明怛他蘇伽功曹符  凡行用亦須照此作兩行書之 保生章弟五 傾光廽駕監眞度生諸天丞相南昌上宫韓 司主録監生大神執籙把籍齊到帝前隨所 應度嚴校諸天  師曰此言靈寳大法天眞大神聖衆㑹集  於上帝之前救度生死今裂以爲求嗣續  之法    吞符  書日字時口念鬱儀取太陽炁從左目出  書月字時口念結璘取太隂炁從右目岀  二炁交合如後法    佩符  書明字左日七縛右月七殺存日月紅黃  光交合入符中取東方炁一口西方炁二  口發出念呪搯訣如要男以手自寅左轉  至巳出要女以手自申右轉至巳上出夫  婦相望夫面西婦面東以清水日吞一道  百日内有子吞符燒入水中服之佩符亦  用前呪呪之書符白素朱書男左女右帶  之 普告章第六 普告三界無極神郷泉曲之府北都羅酆三 官九署十二河源上解祖考億劫種親疾除 罪簿落滅惡根不得拘留逼合鬼群  師曰此言靈寳天尊道君說經可以超度  生死今爲眞文靈符爲弟子億劫種親超  出幽戸作普告三界劵    普告三界符文  太歳年月日下
Interpretation

This scripture documents two important ritual practices from the Jingming (Pure Brightness) school of Daoism (a major Daoist lineage emphasizing the path of loyalty, filial piety, purity, and illumination).

Regarding the "Dispatch Gate" ritual: When transmitting messages to the celestial realm, one must write the True Seals of Divine Kings (sacred talismanic scripts) in cinnabar on the official document and stamp it with the Seal of the Jingming Dharma Master at the courier's dispatch point. Simultaneously, one must inscribe the Jingming Tathāgata Merit Official Talisman (a type of charm for summoning divine beings). All similar ritual activities must follow this protocol, with the document written in two parallel columns.

The fertility ritual comes in two forms: ingested talismans and worn talismans:

For ingested talismans, special cultivation methods are required: When writing the character "sun" (日), silently recite "Yuyi" while drawing solar essence from the left eye; when writing "moon" (月), recite "Jielin" while drawing lunar essence from the right eye. Finally, these two essences must merge following a specific method.

For crafting worn talismans: When writing the character "bright" (明), the sun radical (left) requires seven repetitions of the syllable "fu" (缚), while the moon radical (right) requires seven "sha" (杀). Visualize red and yellow light from the sun and moon converging into the talisman. Then draw one breath of eastern essence and two breaths of western essence, accompanied by incantations and hand seals. For a male child, the left hand moves clockwise from the Yin position (northeast, a Daoist directional concept) to the Si position (southeast); for a female child, move counterclockwise from Shen (southwest) to Si. Husband and wife should face each other—the husband facing west, the wife east—and ingest one talisman daily with clear water. Conception will occur within one hundred days. Ingested talismans must be burned and dissolved in water, while worn talismans require recitation of the aforementioned spells. Write the charms with cinnabar on white silk—men wear them on the left, women on the right.

The "Universal Proclamation to the Three Realms" scripture: This text, transmitted by the Celestial Worthy of Numinous Treasure (one of the Three Pure Ones, Sanqing), can liberate deceased souls. Now crafted into genuine talismanic script, it helps disciples' ancestors escape the underworld. This document serves as an official proclamation to the Three Realms (celestial, human, and netherworld), containing: temporal details like the Grand Jupiter year/month/day; declarations to the Limitless Divine Domains, the Springs and Streams Office (underworld bureaucracy), and the Northern Capital Luo Feng (Daoist netherworld); and petitions to the Three Officials, Nine Bureaus, and Twelve River Sources deities to absolve ancestral transgressions, erase criminal records from the registers, sever karmic roots of evil, and prevent souls from being trapped among demonic hordes.

上清靈寳大法師名衘(書時用眞文並/中中㫖下節)    普吿三界符  右用桐木板長九寸濶三寸二分朱書黃  地貼簡上太玄都省印印之 符命章弟七 元始符命時刻昇遷北都寒池部衞形魂制 魔保舉度品南宫死魂受鍊仙化成人生身 受度劫劫長存隨劫輪轉與天齊年永度三 途五苦八難超凌三界逍遥上清  師曰此言靈寳天尊說經此可以超生度  死今爲弟子量億劫種親削滅惡籍證  入仙宗作元始符命文    元始符命眞文  太歳年月日告下 位職    元始符命符(書符同眞文/並搯中指中)  右用栢木或桐木板長九寸闊三寸二分  朱書青紙符命眞文貼於簡上符下用太  玄都省印印之 立劵章第八 上清之天天帝玉眞無色之境梵行    東方八天 太皇黃曽天帝鬱監玉明 太明玉完天帝須阿那田 清明何童天帝元育齊京 玄胎平育天帝劉度内鮮 元明文舉天帝醜法輪 上明七曜摩夷天帝恬懀延 虚無越衡天帝正定光 太極濛翳天帝曲育九昌    南方八天 赤明和陽天帝理禁上眞 玄明恭華天帝空謡醜音 耀明宗飄天帝重光明 竺落皇笳天帝摩夷妙辯 虚明堂曜天帝阿𨚧婁生 觀明端靖天帝鬱宻羅千 玄明恭慶天帝龍羅菩提 太煥極瑶天帝宛黎無延    西方八天
Interpretation

This passage describes the core content regarding talisman creation and celestial structures from the Daoist scripture Supreme Lingbao Jingming Flying Immortal Salvation Scripture Methods. It consists of three main parts:

First is the method for creating the "Universal Proclamation to the Three Realms Talisman" (Pugao Sanjie Fu): A paulownia wood board measuring nine inches long and 3.2 inches wide must be used, with the yellow talisman inscribed in cinnabar and affixed to bamboo slips, then stamped with the "Great Mysterious Capital Bureau" seal. This talisman possesses the divine power to communicate with the Three Realms (celestial, human, and underworld realms).

Next is the function of the "Primordial Decree Talisman" (Yuanshi Fuming): This is a mandate issued by the Celestial Worthy of Primordial Beginning (Yuanshi Tianzun, one of Daoism's highest deities), capable of helping deceased souls transcend from the Northern Yin Cold Pool (hell) to the Southern Palace (immortal realm), where they undergo refinement to be reborn as immortals. When creating this talisman, one must use cypress or paulownia wood with vermilion inscriptions on cyan paper, also stamped with the Great Mysterious Capital Bureau seal.

Lastly, it details the structure of the Thirty-Two Heavens, divided into four directions (east, south, west, north), each containing eight celestial layers. For example, the first eastern heaven "Great August Yellow Origin Heaven" (Taihuang Huangzeng Tian) is governed by Emperor Jade Clarity of Yu Jian, while the second heaven "Great Bright Jade Perfection Heaven" (Taiming Yuwang Tian) is ruled by Emperor Tian of Xu'a Na. These celestial names and their rulers represent key concepts in Daoist cosmology, reflecting the religion's sacred vision of cosmic hierarchy.

These talismans and celestial knowledge form core teachings of the Lingbao (Numinous Treasure) school, primarily used in rituals for soul salvation and immortal cultivation. Their creation requires strict adherence to measurements, materials, and inscription protocols, demonstrating Daoism's emphasis on ritual sanctity.

元載孔昇天帝開眞定光 太安皇崖天帝婆婁阿貪 顯定極風天帝招眞童 始皇孝芒天帝薩羅婁王 太皇翁重浮容天帝閔巴狂 無思江由天帝明梵光 上揲阮樂天帝勃勃監 無極曇誓天帝飄弩穹隆    北方八天 皓庭霄度天帝慧覺昏 淵通元洞天帝梵行觀生 太文翰寵妙成天帝那育醜瑛 太素秀樂禁上天帝龍羅覺長 太虛无上常容天帝總監鬼神 太釋玉隆騰勝天帝眇眇行元 龍變梵度天帝運上玄玄 太極平育▲奕天帝大擇法門 三十二天三十二帝諸天隱諱諸天隱名天 中空洞自然靈章諸天隱韻天中之音天中 之尊天中之神天中大魔天中之靈九和十 合變化上清無量之奥深不可詳敷落神眞 普度天人  師曰此是三十二天上帝魔王内諱有能  知其靈音者魔王保舉升仙故今爲弟子  同身及先代億刼種親給付昇天劵必自  東方八天訖黙念至欣慶受度封劵畢再  拜以道君玉印印之 製劵章第九  凡補弟子及爲弟子追薦祖光並給劵文  男爲左劵女爲右劵佩帶以黃絹朱書之  各髙九寸長三尺二寸毎月用兩本書昇  天符合同於上男留左女留右其一本燒  隨家藏天樞門下照應其一本與之佩帶  追度則一本燒付亡人一本送天樞爲合  契書劵之法於天門上坐面對巽方搯上
Interpretation

This scripture records the names of the celestial emperors governing the Thirty-Two Heavens in Daoism, along with the ritual protocols for granting disciples celestial ascent credentials (juan).

First, it enumerates the sacred titles of the eight northern celestial emperors: Haoting Xiaodu Celestial Emperor (Huijue Hun), Yuantong Yuandong Celestial Emperor (Fanxing Guansheng), and others—each bearing a unique honorific name. It then explains that each of these thirty-two heavens possesses esoteric titles, divine verses, and celestial harmonies containing boundless mysteries capable of aiding ascension to the Shangqing realm (the highest Daoist paradise).

The text particularly emphasizes that knowing the true names and secret taboos of these celestial emperors and demon kings (guardian deities in Daoism), while silently reciting their divine harmonies, enables one to receive the demon kings' recommendation for immortal ascension. Thus, celestial ascent credentials must be prepared for disciples and their ancestral lineage. The ritual begins with silently invoking the sacred titles of the eastern eight heavens until the ordination ceremony is completed, concluding with the imprint of the Daojun’s jade seal.

Regarding the specific method for crafting these credentials: whether for disciples assuming their positions or for ancestral salvation, juan documents must be issued—left juan for men and right juan for women. The credentials are inscribed with cinnabar on yellow silk, measuring nine inches in height and three feet two inches in length. Each month, two celestial ascent talismans must be prepared: one worn by the individual (left for men, right for women), and the other burned to resonate with the celestial pivot gate (a Daoist guardian direction of the household). For salvation rites, one is burned for the deceased, while the other is submitted to the celestial pivot gate to seal the covenant.

When inscribing the credentials, one must sit in stillness at the heavenly gate direction (northwest), facing the southeast (Xun direction), while forming a specific mudra (the "pinching upward" gesture, a Daoist hand-seal technique). These meticulous ritual details reflect Daoism’s rigorous pursuit of cosmic resonance between heaven and humanity.

 清訣存身爲道君黙祝事因畢念魔王歌  章依式寫中篇眞文    魔王歌章曰  梵行冠太羅淳風抗玄紀無形有常存觀  世翻然理屢踐不終劫探幽度生死三乗  通便路清虚無塵滓長夜對一魂地獄五  苦解劒樹不揺條刀山不傷體門有浩劫  翁地無夭年予今日慶斯㑹諸天並歡喜  不勝情欣悅髙唱稽首禮念歌章畢吸炁  三十二口存太黄皇曽天帝自東北方揖  四方天帝皆至部領玉童玉女直符吏衆  手執丹筆候看書劵同爲保明弟子九祖  六親拔出地戸以成大仙如式染丹書劵    劵式  書劵内五符及燒劵並戴日履斗如淨明  法口傳心授東搯寅南巳西申北亥劵文  書畢以道君玉印印之念净明靈書二篇  封劵             (用二劵合書/此符男留左) 太上靈寳淨明院             (女留右追度/亦同此式)  凖 淨明祕典昇入仙宫忠孝之子福及其親九 世蒙秩受命仙升靈章下處諸天送迎今補 弟子某𠑽某職須至給卷照㑹(如追度即云/追度弟子光) (靈付天樞/院受軄者)    天禽地獸族玉文(即元始靈/書中篇) 靈書中篇即昇天劵    東方八天    譯文 亶婁阿薈無惒觀音須延明首法攬菩曇 稼那阿奕忽阿流吟華都曲麗鮮菩育臻 答落大梵散煙慶雲飛灑玉都明魔上門
Interpretation

This scripture describes a celestial transcendence ritual from the Jingming School (a Daoist lineage emphasizing loyalty and filial piety). The practitioner first silently recites incantations while visualizing their transformation into a Daojun (high-ranking Daoist deity), then composes the "Demon King's Hymn" in a specific format—a type of mystical poetry imbued with spiritual power.

The hymn conveys that through pure cultivation, the practitioner transcends the cycle of life and death, attaining mastery of the Three Vehicles (three stages of spiritual realization). In this state of pristine emptiness, even the blade mountains and sword trees of hell cannot harm them, ultimately enabling the salvation of nine generations of ancestors. After chanting the hymn, the practitioner inhales thirty-two times, visualizing the Supreme Sovereign Emperor of Grand Yellow (a Daoist deity) descending from the northeast, while the Four Directional Emperors arrive with their entourages of jade youths and maidens to bear witness.

The ritual continues with the inscription of a celestial ascent certificate (券). Five talismanic scripts (fulu) are written in cinnabar while forming hand seals (finger mudras) aligned with specific directions (east-Tiger, south-Snake, west-Monkey, north-Boar), then stamped with the Jade Seal of the Daojun. The certificate is divided into left and right halves (left for men, right for women), inscribed with phrases like "By the Secret Canon of Jingming, Ascend to the Immortal Palaces," pledging transcendence for both the practitioner and nine generations of kin. Finally, the Middle Chapter of the Numinous Book (the ascent certificate's text) is recited, including esoteric incantations of the Eight Heavens of the East.

These mystical phrases—such as "Danlou Ahui Wuhe Guanyin"—are unique Daoist mantras believed to summon deities and exorcise malevolent forces. The ritual integrates visualization (cunxiang), talismanic arts (fulu), and incantations, aiming to liberate both the practitioner and their ancestors from samsara, achieving celestial ascension.

無行上首回蹠流玄阿陀龍羅四象吁貟  (十六句計/六十四字)    南方八天    譯文  南閻洞浮玉牟詵詵梵形落空九靈推前  澤𠗂菩曇緑羅大千眇莽九醜韶遥縁邅  雲上九都飛生自騫那育郁馥摩羅法輪  ▲持无鏡攬姿運容馥朗廓奕神纓自宫  (計一十六句/該六十四字)    西方八天    譯文  刀利禪猷婆泥咎通宛數滌色太眇之堂  流羅梵萌景蔚蕭嵎易邈無寂宛首少都  阿繿育竺華莫延由九開自辯阿那品首  無量抺篕浮羅合神星誕長桑栢空度仙  (計一十六句/共六十四字)    北方八天    譯文  玃無自育九日導乾坤母東覆形攝上玄  陀羅育邈眇炁合雲飛天大醜總監上天  沙陀劫量龍漢瑛鮮碧落浮黎空歌保珍  惡奕無品洞妙自眞元梵恢漠幽寂度人  (計一十六句/該六十四字)  右給付弟子(某甲)収執佩帶以後五苦咸  解三途並原長滅惡根南宫上生劫劫受  度與天齊年急急如律令  太嵗某年某月某日某朔吿下 具職 度師九州都仙太史髙明大使至道玄應神     功妙濟眞君 監度師三天扶敎輔元大法天師正一冲玄     神化顯佑眞君 籍師玄都御史眞君 經師至孝恭順仙王 祖師太隂元君孝道仙王靈寳淨明黄素天尊 祖師太陽上帝孝道明王靈寳淨明天尊
Interpretation

This scripture passage comes from the Supreme Lingbao Jingming Scripture on the Flying Immortals' Method of Salvation, an important classic of the Lingbao (Numinous Treasure) tradition in Daoism. Its main content consists of divine incantations for the Eight Heavens of the Four Directions and salvation rituals, concluding with the transmission certificate for disciples.

The text begins by listing mystical incantations for the Eight Heavens in each of the four directions—east, south, west, and north—sixteen lines per direction, totaling sixty-four characters. These incantations are composed of specially arranged words and phrases, belonging to the category of Daoist "hidden language" (yinyu), which possess extraordinary spiritual power. For example, phrases like "Nan Yan Dong Fu" (Southern Blazing Cavern Floating) and "Fan Xing Luo Kong" (Brahma-Form Descending Void) from the southern incantations, or "Dao Li Chan You" (Knife-Benefit Meditative Guidance) and "Liu Luo Fan Meng" (Flowing Net Brahma Sprout) from the western incantations, are all secret mantras used to summon celestial deities and deliver sentient beings.

The final section of the scripture is the transmission certificate, documenting the conferral of these esoteric methods to a disciple. It states that by receiving and wearing this document, the disciple can be liberated from the Five Sufferings (wuku), transcend the Three Wretched Realms (santu—hell, hungry ghosts, and animals), sever the roots of evil karma forever, and after death ascend to the Southern Palace (Nangong), a Daoist celestial realm, where they will endure through cosmic cycles without perishing, attaining longevity equal to Heaven. The text concludes with the imperative phrase "urgently as the celestial law commands" (jiji rulüling), signifying immediate enforcement of divine ordinance.

Lastly, the names of the celestial beings who participated in the transmission ceremony are listed: the Salvation Master (Dushi) is the Great Historian of All-Under-Heaven Immortals and Enlightened Grand Emissary; the Supervising Master (Jiandushi) is the Great Celestial Master of the Three Heavens, Upholder of Teachings and Auxiliary to the Primal; along with the Record Master (Jishi), Scripture Master (Jingshi), and ancestral masters such as the Primordial Lord of Great Yin (Taiyin Yuanjun) and the Celestial Emperor of Great Yang (Taiyang Shangdi). These titles reflect the divine hierarchy and lineage transmission within the Lingbao tradition.

This scripture passage exemplifies the Daoist practice of using secret incantations and rituals to deliver sentient beings and transcend the cycle of rebirth, showcasing distinctive Daoist ceremonial features and mystical symbolism.

太皇黃曽天尊 歷關章第八 歷關諸天請滅(某人)三惡斬絶地根飛度五 戸名列太玄魔王監舉無拘天門東斗主筭 西斗記名北斗落死南斗上生中斗大魁總 監衆靈青帝䕶魂白帝侍魄赤帝飬炁黒帝 通血黃帝中主萬神無越青天魔王巴元醜 伯赤天魔王負天擔石白天魔王反山六目 黒天魔王監醜朗馥黄天魔王橫天檐力五 帝大魔萬神之宗飛行鼓從總領鬼兵麾幢 鼓節遊觀太空自號赫奕諸天齊功上天度 人嚴攝北酆神公受命普掃不祥入威吐毒 猛馬四張天丁前驅大帥仗旛擲火萬里流 鈴八衝敢有干試拒遏上眞金鉞前戮巨天 後刑屠割鬼爽風火無停千千截首萬萬剪 形魔無干犯鬼無妖精三官北酆明檢鬼營 不得容隱金馬驛呈  師曰此元始天尊所說之經一能爲延年  益筭一能爲去病除禍一能超度先祖凢  爲弟子行事皆書其文歷關諸天凢行關  吿若爲弟子延年益筭自歷關諸天至總  監衆靈再自神公受命至金馬驛傳右爲  弟子除病去禍自歷關諸天至無拘天門  再自青帝護魂至萬神無越又自神公受  命至金馬驛呈若爲弟子追度先祖自歷  關諸天至無拘天門再自青天魔王至金  馬驛呈書關畢用泰玄都省印印之内延  年治病非章醮不可輕用    歷關諸天眞文    關式
Interpretation

This passage describes the "Litany of Passing Through the Celestial Gates" chapter from the Daoist scripture Supreme Lingbao Jingming Flying Immortal Salvation Method. It explains how to petition celestial deities through specific ritual documents known as "gateway petitions" (guan).

The text begins with the Celestial Worthy of Supreme August Yellow Origin (Taihuang Huangzeng Tianzun), a revered Daoist deity who governs the celestial realm. It details the functions of the Dipper Gods of the Five Directions: the Eastern Dipper controls life calculations, the Western Dipper records names, the Northern Dipper removes death, the Southern Dipper promotes rebirth, and the Central Dipper oversees all. The Five Directional Thearchs each protect different aspects: the Green Thearch (Qingdi) guards the ethereal soul (hun), the White Thearch (Baidi) protects the corporeal soul (po), the Red Thearch (Chidi) nourishes primordial qi, the Black Thearch (Heidi) harmonizes blood qi, while the Yellow Thearch (Huangdi) governs all deities.

The passage then depicts the forms and duties of the Five Directional Demon Kings: Green Heaven's Demon King Ba Yuan Choubo, Red Heaven's Demon King Fu Tian Danshi, White Heaven's Demon King Fan Shan Liumu, Black Heaven's Demon King Jian Chou Langfu, and Yellow Heaven's Demon King Heng Tian Yanli. Though called "demon kings," they are actually Dharma-protecting generals who assist the celestial court in managing spirits, leading celestial troops to patrol the cosmos and suppress inauspicious forces.

The text specifies three purposes for these "Celestial Gateway Petitions": prolonging life, curing illness and dispelling misfortunes, and delivering ancestors' souls. Different divine names and incantation sections must be selected according to purpose. For instance, when prolonging a disciple's life, one recites from "Passing Through Celestial Gates" to "Overseer of All Spirits," while specific combinations are chosen for healing rituals.

Finally, it emphasizes that such documents must bear the "Seal of the Supreme Mysterious Capital Bureau" (Taixuan Dusheng Yin), an important Daoist ritual seal. Moreover, life-prolonging and healing rites must be performed through formal "petition rituals" (zhangjiao), a type of Daoist purification liturgy (zhaijiao keyi), and should never be used casually.

太上靈寳淨明院  今謹據弟子(某甲)伏爲入意(延年治病云/追度先祖云)  須至關告者  凖  淨明祕典昇入仙宫忠孝之子福及其親  九世蒙秩受命仙升關告到處諸天奉行  今𥙷弟子某𠑽某職須至關告者  右歷關諸天(朱書/四字)請滅(弟子追度即開/九祖先親等)三  惡斬絶地根至金馬驛呈  太歳某年某月某日關 具職  師曰關文用青紙朱書年月日用淨明法  主印印之如爲人延年治病又須給五斗  五帝符    東斗主筭符(卯/文)西斗記名符(酉/文)    北斗落死符(子/文)南斗上生符(午/文)    中斗大魁符(中/中)         右五符書時依方取炁         掐訣念呪存想五斗眞         君在五方自北方書至         中央土放訣或佩或燒  師曰北斗七元君大聖善通靈爲吾脫死  籍黒編無姓名令吾得長壽特飲沆瀣精  飛仙得逍遥無量大度人  師曰東斗生炁府天中至尊神爲吾注遐  筭遂與天地幷令吾得長壽特賜日華精  飛仙得逍遥無量大度人  師曰南斗朱明宫丹霞至陽神爲吾上生  籙瑶記何文明令吾得長壽特受丹池精  飛仙得逍遥無量大度人  師曰西斗太素景素天至光明爲吾紀仙  譜不遭邪魅侵肅殺無所及特與月華精  飛仙得逍遥無量大度人
Interpretation

This is the ritual document format for the Flying Immortal Salvation Rite of the Jingming Dao (a Daoist school emphasizing loyalty and filial piety as spiritual practice). When a disciple (referred to as "so-and-so") seeks longevity, healing, or salvation for ancestral spirits, this formal petition must be submitted to the celestial realm.

The document must be written with cinnabar ink on azure paper, bearing the seal of the Jingming Dharma Lord. Its contents include: first declaring the disciple's identity and purpose (whether for healing or salvation), then invoking celestial deities to absolve the karmic obstacles of nine generations of ancestors trapped in the Three Wretched Realms (hell, hungry ghosts, and animal rebirth), severing their cyclical rebirth, and assisting their souls to ascend through the Golden Horse Relay Station (a Daoist purgatory concept) to immortal palaces.

Key components are the Five Directional Dipper Talismans:

  • East Dipper Life-Calculation Talisman (governing lifespan, written at mao hour [5-7am])
  • West Dipper Name-Recording Talisman (documenting merits, written at you hour [5-7pm])
  • North Dipper Death-Nullifying Talisman (dispelling calamities, written at midnight)
  • South Dipper Ascension Talisman (for salvation, written at noon)
  • Central Dipper Great Chieftain Talisman (commanding all directions, written facing center). Each must be drawn while facing its respective direction, forming mudras, chanting incantations, and visualizing the corresponding Dipper Lords descending.

Subsequent passages contain invocations to different Dipper Lords:

  • The Seven Origin Lords of the North Dipper erase death-registry names and bestow the Elixir of Dew (Hangxie essence) for longevity
  • The East Dipper Celestial Worthy inscribes long life and grants Solar Essence
  • The South Dipper Cinnabar Radiance Deity records immortal status and bestows Cinnabar Pool essence
  • The West Dipper Great Simplicity Spirit registers immortal ranks and confers Lunar Essence. All culminate in prayers for the practitioner's transcendent ascension and universal salvation.

This ritual synthesis of Fulu (talismans), Cunxiang (deity visualization), and incantations embodies Jingming Dao's distinctive doctrine of "achieving immortality through loyalty and filial piety" — maintaining that those who perfect these worldly virtues bring salvation to nine generations of ancestors.

 師曰中央黄庭宫大魁至責精爲吾監衆  靈衞護不死身令吾得長壽特與隂陽精  飛仙得逍遥無量大度人    青帝符(卯/文)            青帝青龍將軍            九千萬人青兵            騎吏九億萬衆            輔仁㝎義    赤帝符(午/文)            赤帝朱雀將軍            八千萬人赤兵            騎吏八萬億衆            輔禮定智    白帝符(酉/文)            白帝白虎將軍            六千萬人白兵            騎吏六億萬衆            輔義定禮    黒帝符(子/文)            黒帝玄武將軍            五千萬人黑兵            騎吏五億萬衆            輔智定信    黄帝符(中/中)            黄帝麟鳳將軍            三千萬人黄兵            騎吏三億萬衆            輔信定仁  巳上五符書時先存五帝在五方念呪青  帝護魂白帝侍魄赤帝養炁黒帝通血黃  帝中主萬神無越次依方搯訣書亦可自  佩服然歷關諸天則併前說延年爲之復  有行持兼神䇿法    青帝符  東向叩齒九通思青氣從口入注肝中生  九重青華寳光徹映頂中書符置前呪曰 無上青精九炁大靈神光遐散流映東青華 景鬱勃觀我身形宫府安鎭寳魄自生洞達 八朗飛昇玉庭  畢引氣九咽止服一佩一若置杖則一納  其中    赤帝符  南向叩齒三通思赤氣從口入注心中生  三重丹華寳光徹映胷前書符置前呪曰 丹華流映寳芝生光神精徹幽散靈八方直
Interpretation

This scripture primarily expounds the Five Emperor Talismanic Methods (Fulu) practiced in the Jingming School of Daoism (an important lineage emphasizing the path of loyalty, filial piety, purity, and illumination). The supreme essence-Qi (Jingqi) of the Central Yellow Court Palace (a vital cultivation area in the middle Dantian) safeguards the practitioner’s undying form, granting longevity that transcends Yin-Yang constraints, ultimately leading to the liberated state of an immortal soaring in celestial freedom.

The text meticulously records the talismans of the Five Directional Sovereigns (divine rulers guarding the cardinal directions in Daoist cosmology):

Talisman of the Green Emperor (sovereign of the East):

The Green Emperor commands the Azure Dragon General, leading ninety million azure soldiers and nine hundred million cavalry officers. His divine force supports benevolence (Ren) and stabilizes righteousness. During practice, face east, tap the teeth nine times, and visualize azure Qi entering the liver, forming nine layers of radiant azure light. Recite incantations invoking divine protection, then swallow the Qi nine times.

Talisman of the Red Emperor (sovereign of the South):

The Red Emperor governs the Vermilion Bird General, commanding eighty million crimson soldiers and eight hundred million cavalry officers. His power nurtures propriety (Li) and stabilizes wisdom. Face south, tap the teeth three times, and visualize crimson Qi entering the heart, forming three layers of glowing red light. The incantation petitions the vermilion radiance to illuminate the eight directions.

Talisman of the White Emperor (sovereign of the West):

The White Emperor oversees the White Tiger General, leading sixty million white soldiers and six hundred million cavalry officers. His energy upholds justice (Yi) and stabilizes ritual harmony.

Talisman of the Black Emperor (sovereign of the North):

The Black Emperor directs the Black Tortoise General, commanding fifty million dark soldiers and five hundred million cavalry officers. His influence fosters wisdom (Zhi) and stabilizes integrity.

Talisman of the Yellow Emperor (sovereign of the Center):

The Yellow Emperor governs the Qilin-Phoenix General, leading thirty million yellow soldiers and three hundred million cavalry officers. His virtue supports sincerity (Xin) and stabilizes benevolence.

Practice Methods:

Before inscribing the talismans, visualize the Five Emperors presiding over their respective directions. Recite specific mantras: "The Green Emperor guards the Hun (ethereal soul), the White Emperor attends the Po (corporeal soul), the Red Emperor nourishes Qi, the Black Emperor circulates blood, and the Yellow Emperor commands all deities." The talismans must be drawn according to precise directional alignments and hand seals (mudras used in Daoist ritual). These talismans may be worn on the body or embedded in ritual staffs for empowerment.

This scripture exemplifies the Daoist integration of visualization (Cunxiang), talismanic arts (Fulu), breath regulation (Tuna), and other methods to refine body and mind through the sacred power of the Five Directional Divinities, presenting a complete liturgical framework for spiritual cultivation.

符攝炁嘯命朱童三精敷煥注我絳宫赤神 安鎭五香溢充洞映形外表裏發光身生水 火獨歩飛行  畢引炁三咽止一服一佩若置杖則一納  其中    黄帝符  向王叩齒十二通思黃氣從口入注脾中  生十二重黄華寳光洞映一身書符置前  呪曰 總元髙靈回神四郷黄上散華五帝交芳流 精散漫十二重光混合我形萬神相迎安脾 養炁中房保齡度脫億劫永鎭無窮  畢引炁十二口止服一佩一若置杖則一  納其中    白帝符  向西叩齒七通思白炁從口入注肺中生  七重素華寳光洞映丹田書符置前呪曰 金靈七炁素華流芬金精童子首建元巾帶 符攝炁萬神㑹門寳光奕奕照我命根安鎭 脾華萬劫長存  畢引炁七咽止服一佩一若置杖則一納  其中    黒帝符  向北叩齒五通思黒炁從口入注腎中生  五重玄華寳光洞映背外書符置前呪曰 北上太玄五炁徘徊寳華五重流光煥輝靈 景鬱秀洞映太微仰注我身腎府鮮開安鎭 靈宅萬神總歸身生羽服舉形自飛  畢引炁五咽止服一佩一若置杖則一納  其中    置神䇿杖法  取向陽之竹長七尺七寸有七節者作神  䇿杖使上下通直甘竹爲佳書黒帝符安  下第二節中次白帝符安第三節中次黃  帝符安第四節中次赤帝符安第五節中
Interpretation

This scripture documents the four talismanic cultivation methods and the sacred staff crafting technique from the Jingming School (an important Daoist lineage emphasizing the path of loyalty, filial piety, purity, and illumination) of Daoism.

The first is the Red Emperor Talisman cultivation method: Through incantations, one mobilizes Jing (essence) and Qi (vital energy), visualizing crimson energy entering from the mouth into the heart region (Jianggong, the Scarlet Palace). During practice, one must visualize three streams of internal essence radiating brilliance, making the body luminous inside and out, harmonizing Water and Fire (Yin-Yang). The specific steps involve reciting the incantation, taking three deep breaths, and then wearing the talisman or inserting it into the ritual staff.

The Yellow Emperor Talisman cultivation method: Facing east, knock the teeth twelve times while visualizing golden energy entering from the mouth into the spleen, forming twelve layers of yellow light enveloping the entire body. The incantation roughly invokes divine protection to nourish the spleen, achieving longevity and clear vision. This practice requires twelve inhalations.

The White Emperor Talisman cultivation method: Facing west, knock the teeth seven times while visualizing white energy entering from the mouth into the lungs, forming seven layers of radiant white light illuminating the Dantian (the lower abdominal energy center). The incantation mentions Metal-phase essence nourishing the root of life, making the spleen glow with vitality.

The Black Emperor Talisman cultivation method: Facing north, knock the teeth five times while visualizing black energy entering from the mouth into the kidneys, forming five layers of dark radiance shining upon the back. The incantation describes the profound and mysterious Qi of the north nourishing the kidney region, ultimately leading to the state of ascension like a feathered immortal.

Finally, the method for crafting the sacred staff: Select a seven-foot-seven-inch-long bamboo (preferably sweet bamboo) with seven nodes, grown in sunlight. The four imperial talismans are placed in different sections—the Black Emperor Talisman in the second node, the White Emperor Talisman in the third, the Yellow Emperor Talisman in the fourth, and the Red Emperor Talisman in the fifth. This staff serves as a crucial ritual implement in Daoism, aiding both cultivation and ceremonial practices.

 次青帝符安第六節中空上一節通天下  一節立地蠟封上節節中實以元始之章  (即靈書/中篇也)又封下節節中實以五帝之章(即/五)  (老赤/書也)皆黃素綘文作室長短大小足容杖  卧息坐起當以自隨行住可脫衣蓋竹隱  以出入或不以隨身當别安㓗處無失之  也受持旣久以杖指天天神設禮指地地  祇侍迎指東北方萬鬼束形凡乗杖行住  及欲施爲當叩齒三十六通思五帝直符  吏各一身隨方色衣服有五色之光流映  杖上五帝玉女各一人共衞杖左右微呪  曰 太陽之山元始上精開天張地甘竹通靈直 符守吏部衞神兵五色流煥朱火金鈴輔翼 上眞出幽入明召天天恭攝地地迎指鬼鬼 滅妖魔束形靈符神杖威利百方與我倶戍 與我俱生萬劫之後以代我形置我五解神 昇上清承符告命靡不敢聽急急如律令  畢引五方炁二十五口咽止  右本命八節日當燒香左右朝拜行此九  年精謹無失神眞形見于杖則載人空行  若欲尸解以杖代形倐忽之間巳成
Interpretation

This scripture describes a cultivation method using a bamboo staff. First, special arrangements must be made on the staff: place the Green Emperor's talisman (Qingdi Fu) inside the hollow sixth section, while the topmost section must remain open to connect heaven and earth. The first section should be sealed at the base with wax, filled in the middle with the "Chapter of Primordial Beginning" (content from the Middle Scroll of the Numinous Texts), and at the lower part with the "Chapter of the Five Emperors" (content from the Red Texts of the Five Elders). A container for the staff should be made of yellow silk with red characters, large enough to hold the staff horizontally or vertically.

When carrying this staff, one must keep it close at all times, whether walking, sitting, or lying down. If temporarily not carrying it, it should be placed in a clean location. After prolonged practice, pointing the staff toward the sky will cause celestial deities to bow in respect; pointing it toward the earth will summon terrestrial spirits to welcome you; pointing it northeast will make myriad ghosts manifest. Before each use, knock the teeth thirty-six times and visualize envoys sent by the Five Emperors, dressed in five-colored robes, radiating five-colored light that illuminates the staff, with the Five Emperors' jade maidens guarding it on both sides.

Next, recite the incantation, which roughly means: This staff from the Mountain of the Sun contains the supreme essence of the Primordial Beginning, capable of opening heaven and earth, connecting with the numinous, and manifesting the sacred. Guarded by divine spirits, it shines with five-colored light, its golden bells ringing to aid the practitioner in traversing the netherworld. Pointing it skyward commands heaven's reverence, pointing it earthward summons earth's welcome, pointing it at ghosts ensures their destruction. This numinous talisman and divine staff possess boundless power, sharing life and death with me. After myriad kalpas, it may replace my physical form, aiding my ascension to the highest pure realms. All spirits must obey its command. After reciting, inhale the Qi of the five directions twenty-five times and swallow it.

On the eight annual fate-related festivals, burn incense and pay homage. If one practices diligently without error for nine years, divine beings will manifest on the staff, enabling it to carry a person in flight. For those seeking liberation from the corpse (a Daoist method of transcendence where the physical body appears to remain while the true form ascends), the staff may serve as a substitute for one's body, allowing instantaneous attainment of perfection.

眞矣 太上靈寳淨明飛仙度人經法卷二

Vol. 3

太上靈寳淨明飛仙度人經法卷三髮三    髙明大使神功妙濟眞君許旌陽釋 運化章第一 普告無窮萬神咸聽三界五帝列言上清  師曰此元始說經之次度弟子至歴關諸  天其普告無窮萬神咸聽三界五帝列言  上清今爲行遣呪凡有行遣事畢法師微  呪曰普告無窮至列言上清存天地四方  鬼神聽命奉行之 隱化章第二 元洞玉暦龍漢延康眇眇億刼混沌之中上 無復色下無復淵風澤洞虚金剛乗天天上 天下無幽無冥無形無影無極無窮溟涬大 梵遼廓無光  師曰此是天尊說元洞玉暦之始天地未  立祖炁未分混沌之中本無幽冥無影窮  極唯大梵之炁遼廓眇眇未有昭示無光  至龍漢元年方始出書今本天尊之言以  爲隱身呪凡隱化之道攝有形以歸無形  合有數以入於無數无始而反終還淳而  復朴滅念超寂故天神人鬼莫能見其微  也其法存五臟之炁隨罡歩而生隨罡歩  而滅念元洞玉暦至遼廓無光存身歸大  梵之炁炁如雲煙覆身身與炁合自然隱  也但君子之固窮自若小人得知輕命以  爲變怪今略具而不傳愼之也    罡圖 靈圖章第三 赤明開圖運度自然元始安鎭敷落五篇赤 書玉字八威龍文保制劫運使天長存梵炁 彌維萬梵開張  師曰此是元始天尊叙祖炁化生玉字出
Interpretation

This section from the third volume of The Supreme Numinous Treasure Jingming Scripture on the Salvation of Ascended Immortals records three essential cultivation methods expounded by Perfected Lord Xu Xun (one of Daoism's Four Celestial Masters and patriarch of the Jingming tradition).

The first method is called "Transformation Through Movement." When performing rituals, the officiant silently recites the incantation: "Universally declare to the infinite, may all divine beings listen; the Three Realms and Five Emperors present their words to Shangqing (Highest Clarity)." This means announcing to all celestial and earthly spirits, summoning the deities of the Three Realms (Desire Realm, Form Realm, and Formless Realm) and the Five Directional Emperors to receive the decrees of the Shangqing realm. This incantation is used at the conclusion of rituals, visualizing deities and spirits from all directions gathering to carry out the commands.

The second method, "Transformation Through Concealment," describes the primordial chaos before the formation of Heaven and Earth. Before the Dragon Han Kalpa (an ancient cosmic cycle in Daoist cosmology), the universe existed in a state of undifferentiated chaos, without distinctions of high and low, color, or depth. In this state, the Great Brahma Qi (the most primordial cosmic energy) permeated the void, devoid of light. Practitioners of this method visualize the Qi of the five viscera rising and dissipating with each Gang Step (a Daoist ritual footwork), merging themselves into the Great Brahma Qi until their bodies become one with the primordial energy, achieving invisibility. However, Perfected Lord Xu specifically warns that such esoteric methods should not be carelessly transmitted, lest they be misused by those with impure intentions.

The third method, "The Numinous Diagram," recounts how the Celestial Worthy of Primordial Beginning used the Chi Ming Qi (symbolizing the energy of creation) to establish the cosmic order, descending the Five True Scriptures (key Daoist texts), which include sacred scripts like the Jade Characters and Dragon Scripts. These scriptures possess the power to sustain Heaven and Earth and transcend cosmic calamities, filling the universe with Brahma Qi (primordial energy) and allowing countless mysteries to manifest naturally. This method primarily explains how to connect with the fundamental energies of the cosmos through sacred writings.

 書度人之次謹按恭華天梵形落空四字  出於玉京山主天元開運變化之靈以此  攷之則靈書中篇在開圖之𥘉謂之中者  炁之和融而成書一生二二生三則靈書  上下二品因之以生貫三爲一則黄素八  十一字次之靈書二篇應於隂隂中有陽  日宫孝道明王主之八十一字應於陽陽  中有隂月宮孝道仙王主之隂陽之後五  行生五行生而分五位於是有赤書五老  之文五行分矣上下顯之故有三皇内文  内文之合而爲三華分而有九章生神之  經是也於是則大有金書昔元明文舉天  答落大梵四字書三便之門開大有之關  通龍漢之眞是也九章具而三才之理分  則三而成質有二而成地三而成人其理著  矣故曰三華離便大有妙庭此又見其文  之所以濟生死保劫運者如是度人之經  大體本赤書中篇即以一而生五生成之  終始原其相叅以爲用則不可爲易通也  求其文元始中篇著於末者取生物首下  之義故赤書先之今隨經意明以爲法 赤文章第四  師曰按赤書玉訣眞文呪說古文後來學  者難施用故髙上注筆以解曲滯玉訣眞  要開演古文微解玄妙諸天所傳披誦玉  音十方遥唱上天設禮神魔降伏而今後  世書道法以舊文通之多有謬異世俗尚  同溺於先見故文字以先得者爲貴世俗
Interpretation

This passage discusses the origins and structure of the "Ling Shu" (Spiritual Script), a mystical writing system recorded in the Daoist Duren Jing (Scripture on Salvation). According to Daoist tradition, these characters originated from Mount Yujing (a legendary immortal mountain in Daoist cosmology), formed through the intermingling of celestial Qi (vital energy) in the heavenly realms.

The formation process of these characters follows the Daoist cosmogony of "the Dao begets One, One begets Two, Two begets Three": first emerged the "Middle Section" of the Spiritual Script, which then differentiated into upper and lower sections totaling eighty-one characters. Among these, forty-one characters correspond to yin energy, governed by the Filial Enlightenment King of the Solar Palace, while the remaining forty represent yang energy, overseen by the Filial Immortal King of the Lunar Palace.

From these yin-yang characters further developed the writing system of the Five Phases (Wood, Fire, Earth, Metal, Water), manifested as the "Red Script of the Five Ancient Lords." These characters combined to form the Three Sovereigns' Inner Script (three sets of sacred writings), which in turn gave rise to the nine-chapter Sheng Shen Jing (Scripture of Life and Spirit). Ultimately, this evolved into the complete "Great Abundant Golden Script" system, containing four key characters—"Yuan Ming Wen Ju Tian Da Luo Da Fan"—capable of opening the Three Convenience Gates (three crucial energetic passages in Daoist cultivation).

The text further explains these sacred characters possess extraordinary functions: they can elucidate the Dao of Heaven, Earth, and Humanity (the Three Powers), while also assisting practitioners in transcending the cycle of life and death and overcoming kalpic calamities. It particularly notes that later transmitted versions have significantly diverged from the original authentic script due to linguistic evolution and worldly misinterpretations. Thus, enlightened immortals deliberately provided "Yu Jue" (jade commentaries) to explain these archaic characters for later generations' comprehension and application.

Regarding cultivation methods, the text mentions that when reciting these characters, all celestial realms will resonate, the ten directions will chant in harmony, even heavenly deities will pay homage, and demonic forces will submit. However, it emphasizes that practitioners must follow correct methods without arbitrarily altering the characters, otherwise the effects will be difficult to achieve.

 文以常有者爲賤而偶得者爲寳世俗復  以難得者爲竒而易得者爲庸謬所以世  師有得妙者多不以及人而盲師錯說各  立方論遂誤後人今審諦先以仙房叅同  務爲簡要直指宗說無疑乃筆爾    東方玉篆    (一百二十字/正文在後)    譯文 東方九炁始皇青天碧霞鬱壘中有老人總 校圖籙攝炁舉仙歳星輔肝角亢鎭眞氐房 心尾四景回旋箕主七辰正斗明輪承炁捕 非掃除災群東山神呪攝召九天赤書符命 制㑹酆山束魔送鬼所誅無蠲悉詣木宫敢 有稽延下制東河溟海水神大劫洪災蛟龍 負身水府開道通逕百千上帝赤文風火無 間    南方玉篆(凡一百五十二/字正文列在後)    譯文 南方丹天赤書玉堂中有大神號曰赤皇上 炎流煙三炁勃光神仙受命應運太陽熒𤊨 輔心井鬼守房栁星張翼統御四郷軫總七 宿迴轉天常召運促㑹正道驛行赤文命靈 北攝酆山束送魔宗斬滅邪根符敎所討明 列罪原南山神呪威伏八方群妖滅爽萬試 摧亡南河水帝太伯龍王神呪流行普掃不 祥洪水非災正蛟召龍開除水逕千道萬通 敢有干試攝送火宫赤書所告莫有不從    中央玉篆(凡一百四十四/字正文列在後)    譯文 中央總靈黃上天元始生五老中皇髙尊攝
Interpretation

This scripture addresses common misconceptions in Daoist cultivation and outlines the correct methods of practice. Ordinary people often undervalue what is readily available while treasuring what is rarely obtained; they consider difficult-to-acquire things precious and dismiss what comes easily as ordinary. This mistaken mindset leads many genuine masters possessing true methods to withhold transmission, while self-proclaimed teachers who feign knowledge spread arbitrary interpretations, each establishing their own theories and misleading later generations.

Now, carefully drawing upon the immortal lineages and referencing essential teachings from various schools, we aim for clarity and conciseness, directly pointing to the fundamental principles of cultivation so as to dispel confusion. Hence, these teachings are recorded here.

Next is the cultivation method of the "Eastern Jade Script" (120 characters): Within the azure heavens formed by the Nine Qi (the nine primordial energies in Daoism) of the East, an Elder governs the cultivation charts. He gathers Qi to aid practitioners in attaining immortality. This incantation mentions how the Year Star (Jupiter) assists in liver cultivation and involves the celestial movements of the constellations Jiao, Kang, Di, and Fang, as well as methods to dispel calamities and subdue demons. The incantation can command the Dragon Kings and water deities of the Eastern Sea, protecting practitioners during great floods and disasters.

The "Southern Jade Script" section (152 characters): Describes the Great Divine Being of the Red Emperor in the crimson heavens of the South, who governs the circulation of the Three Qi (three vital energies). This incantation notes how the Sparkling Deluder (Mars) aids in heart cultivation, involving the constellations Jing, Gui, Liu, and Xing. It can summon divine beings, subdue demons, and sever malign influences. The incantation also commands the Dragon Kings of the Southern River, opening safe passages during floods and disasters.

The "Central Jade Script" section (144 characters): Discusses the Primordial Five Elders (five supreme deities) and the Exalted Sovereign of the Central Yellow Heavens, the highest rulers of all spiritual beings. Though not elaborated here, the context suggests this section also concerns methods of cultivation by harnessing the central Qi.

炁監眞總領群仙典籙玄圖宿簡玉文催運 上炁普告萬神鎭星輔肝迴度北元魁𩲃主 非截邪斬根𩵄䰢魓𩳐掃穢除氛魒正玄斗 明度天關九天符命金馬驛傳勑攝北帝遏 塞鬼門剪除不祥莫有當前中山神呪召龍 上雲制㑹黃河九水河源不得怠縱善惡悉 分千妖萬奸上對帝君莫有干試太陽激燌 赤書玉字宣告普聞    西方玉篆(凢一百三十六/字正文在後)    譯文 西方素天白帝七門金靈皓映太華流氛白 石峩峩七氣氤氲上有始生皇老大神總領 肺氣主校九天檢定圖録制召上仙太白檢 肺奎婁守魂胃昴畢觜主制七關參總斗魁 受符北元赤書玉字九天正文攝召萬炁普 歸帝君西山神呪八威七傳符水上龍召山 送雲在所校録同到帝門輔衞上眞斬滅邪 源若有不祥截以金關赤書符命風火驛傳    北方玉篆(凢一百二十/字正文在後)    譯文 北方玄天五炁徘徊中有黒帝𩀱皇太微總 領符命仙鍊八威青裙羽䙱龍文鳳衣上帝 所舉制到玉堦北辰輔腎斗牛衞扉女虚危 室豁落四開壁總七星執兇紏非却災掃穢 明道動暉北山神呪激陽起雷流鈴煥落玃 天振威北酆所部萬妖滅摧九河傾訖鳥母 群飛蛟龍通道水陌洞開赤文玉書驛龍風 馳 玉訣章第五  師曰凡行赤書安鎭者須先關告而正爾
Interpretation

This scripture describes the Lingbao School's (one of Daoism's major traditions) method of celestial transcendence, focusing on invoking deities through talismans (fulu) and divine incantations to expel malevolent forces, purify impurities, and safeguard spiritual practice.

The western section pertains to the domain of the White Emperor (Western Celestial Sovereign). Here, seven golden gates radiate white light, while the sacred Mount Taihua emanates flowing spiritual energy (qi). The Great Primordial Sovereign Deity governs the qi of the lungs and oversees the registers of celestial immortals across the Nine Heavens. The planet Venus (Taibai) monitors pulmonary functions, with constellations like Kuí and Lóu guarding the ethereal and corporeal souls (hun and po), while Wèi and Mǎo govern the body's seven key passageways. Through the power of crimson-scripted jade characters (sacred Daoist writings), the qi of all directions is summoned to submit to the Celestial Emperor. The Western Mountain Divine Incantation possesses eight types of awe-inspiring power and seven transmission methods, capable of summoning water dragons and mountain deities to deliver clouds as protective aids, jointly safeguarding the true Dao (the Way) and severing the roots of malign forces. When encountering inauspicious events, golden barrier talismans may be used to block them, with wind and fire swiftly conveying the crimson-scripted decrees.

The northern section depicts the realm of the Black Emperor (Northern Celestial Sovereign). Five-colored qi spirals as the Black Emperor commands talismanic arts, clad in azure feathered robes adorned with dragon and phoenix motifs. The North Star assists kidney functions, while constellations like Dǒu and Niú guard the gates, and Nǚ and Xū unfold across the four directions. The constellation Bì oversees the Seven Stars, tasked with punishing evil, eliminating calamities, and dispelling impurities. The Northern Mountain Divine Incantation can activate yang qi, summon thunder, and make ritual bells (liuling) shine to terrify demons. The myriad malevolent beings under the jurisdiction of Northern Feng (the hell realm) will be annihilated, nine great rivers will alter their courses, flocks of birds will take flight, and flood dragons will clear the waterways. Crimson-scripted jade texts are swiftly delivered by dragon-mounted couriers.

The fifth chapter, "Jade Instructions," contains essential cultivation teachings. The master instructs that whenever using crimson-scripted talismans for pacification rituals (ceremonies to stabilize dwellings and exorcise evil), one must first petition the heavens and rectify body and mind before proceeding. This reflects Daoism's liturgical emphasis on sincerity, proper intention, and the protocol of seeking celestial permission before action.

 便爲之無所益也須奏章䟽通呈者爲佳  今具法式行用以爲一章而五帝䇿文隨  經在前八威龍文隨經在後此直述五篇  真文事節而已諸以啓願求道投刺等悉  先東向叩齒三通如運化章行持記次呪  曰 無上三天玄元始三炁太上老君召出臣身 中三五功曹左右官使者左右捧香驛龍騎 吏侍香金童傳言玉女五帝直符各三十六 人出關啓此間土地四面眞官(臣)今正爾燒 香關啓(入意㫖)願得十方正眞之炁入(臣)身 中所啓上聞徑御 無上至眞大聖尊神玉帝(几前)  師曰如不用此即邪魔所干不得上達    全用五書格  師曰凡投簡如告水帝削除罪籍即朱書  木簡上以青𥿄𦊷青絲纒之金龍水簡以  投三河之淵如告嶽仍用金紐埋本命之  嶽告九地土皇則亦如告嶽之式埋於所  住中宫於簡上書云具位年若干某月生  於水府則云願神願仙長生不死三元同  存九府水帝十二河源江海淮澤溟泠大  神乞削罪名上聞九天謹詣水府投簡記  名金紐示信金龍驛傳  五嶽則曰長生度世飛行上清五嶽眞人  至神至靈乞削罪籍上名九天謹詣靈山  投簡記名金紐示信金龍驛傳  九地則曰長生度世飛自上清中皇九地  戊巳黃神土府五帝乞削罪録勒名太玄  謹詣中宫投簡記名金紐示信金龍驛傳
Interpretation

This scripture details the ritual method of "casting memorial tablets" (Toujian) practiced by the Daoist Jingming School (a lineage emphasizing loyalty, filial piety, and purity of heart). Toujian is a vital ceremony where priests inscribe wooden slips to petition deities for disaster relief, longevity, and ascension to immortality.

The text first clarifies that rituals will be ineffective without following proper memorial-submission protocols. A complete ceremony must include the Five Emperors' edicts (documents of the five directional celestial emperors) at the beginning, followed by the Eight Majestic Dragon Scripts (eight divine dragon sigils), with the contents of the Five Authentic Scriptures (sacred texts) recited in between. For other petitions like blessings or Dao-seeking, one must first face east, tap the teeth three times (a Daoist cultivation practice), then recite incantations.

The incantation summons celestial beings: the Three Qi (Xuan, Yuan, and Shi - three primordial energies) of the Supreme Three Heavens, the Most High Lord Lao (Taishang Laojun), along with thirty-six guardian spirits including merit officials, emissaries, and jade maidens cultivated within one's body. Simultaneously, it notifies local earth deities and true officials of the four directions, beseeching the infusion of righteous energy from the ten directions so petitions may reach the Jade Emperor's throne unimpeded.

The scripture particularly emphasizes that deviation from these standards invites demonic interference, blocking celestial communication. It then specifies three casting methods:

1) When petitioning the Water Emperor (aquatic deities) for sin absolution:

  • Use vermilion ink on wooden slips
  • Wrap in blue paper bound with green silk
  • Secure with golden knots before casting into rivers
  • Inscribe birth details with the plea: "May we become divine and immortal, attaining deathless longevity"
  • Request water palace deities to expunge sin records and report to the Nine Heavens

2) When petitioning the Five Sacred Peaks (mountain deities of five directions):

  • Inscribe: "For longevity beyond this world, soaring to Supreme Clarity (Shangqing)"
  • Seek the Five Peaks' perfected beings to erase sin records
  • Similarly fasten with golden knots as tokens
  • Have golden dragons deliver the message

3) When petitioning the Nine Earthly Sovereigns (subterranean rulers):

  • Inscribe: "For longevity beyond this world, ascending from Supreme Clarity"
  • Request the Central Sovereign's earthly emperors to nullify sin registers
  • Have names engraved in the Supreme Mystery (Taixuan - highest celestial realm)
  • Bury tablets at the central palace position
 太歳某年某月某日某朔於某處告聞用  總監鬼神印印之  右簡悉皆背書眞文面書呪文    水府呪  北向叩齒三通宣簡畢告下(召龍天水/神内用) 元始五老赤書髙尊十方至眞太華靈仙赤 文告命無幽不聞上御九天請下玉文日月 五星北斗七元中告五嶽四方靈山下告河 海十二河源九府水帝溟泠大神今日上告 萬願開陳謹投玉簡乞削罪名千曽萬祖九 族種親罪相連染及傳我身普蒙削除絶滅 種根記名水府言上帝前七祖父母去離八 難上登九天衣食自然我罪釋散萬(神/鬼)咸聞 謹以金紐關盟水官請如所陳金馬驛傳    嶽府呪  東向叩齒九通 玄上開明元始監眞上帝五老赤書丹文天 地本始總領三元攝炁合㑹催促舉仙髙上 符命普告十方日月星宿五嶽靈山天上天 下冥靈大神監生主録南上三門開領玉簡 勒名丹書削落罪篇土府帝君千曽萬祖九 族種親皆蒙解脫五苦八難去離三惡魂昇 九天先亡開度萬劫長存今日上告萬神咸 聞謹以金紐關盟眞官請如所告金龍驛傅    土府呪  中庭叩齒十二通(安鎭星/度切用) 天開地張九炁分靈三元洞符十方朗清五 老上帝開眞領生丹書赤文元始上清普告 天下九土皇靈今日上告萬炁定生我願我
Interpretation

This scripture records three important ritual document formats from the Jingming School (a major Daoist sect during the Song-Yuan period), specifically the jade-slip incantations submitted to deities of the Water, Mountain, and Earth administrations. Each document contains specific directional orientations, teeth-tapping counts, and incantation contents.

The Water Administration Incantation is used for confessing sins to water deities. The ritual requires facing north and tapping teeth three times. The incantation essentially states: Through the sacred documents of the Celestial Worthy of Primordial Beginning (Daoism's highest deity) and the Five Elders of the Five Directions, the practitioner reports to deities across the Three Realms of Heaven, Earth, and Water, requesting the elimination of sins for oneself and nine generations of ancestors, enabling seven generations of ancestors to escape suffering and one's own transgressions to dissipate. Finally, a golden seal (ritual stamp) is used to establish a covenant with the Water Official (water deity), asking the golden horse to swiftly deliver the document.

The Mountain Administration Incantation petitions mountain deities. One must face east and tap teeth nine times. The incantation reads: Under the supervision of the Celestial Worthy of Primordial Beginning and the Five Elder Lords, the practitioner reports to the sun, moon, stars, and Five Sacred Mountain deities, requesting removal from the register of sins so ancestors may be liberated from suffering and departed souls ascend to heaven. Similarly, a golden seal establishes a covenant with the True Official, with a golden dragon delivering the document.

The Earth Administration Incantation pacifies earth deities. Performed at the courtyard center, it requires twelve teeth-taps. The incantation invokes the primordial energy from the creation of heaven and earth, using the sacred documents of the Five Directional Thearchs to petition nine directional earth deities for stabilizing Qi fields and fulfilling wishes. Such documents were commonly used for house blessings and warding off malignant influences.

These incantations embody the Daoist "Three Officials belief" (Heaven Official, Earth Official, Water Official), communicating with deities through sacred documents to achieve religious functions like disaster relief and ancestor salvation. Ritual details like teeth-tapping, directional orientation, and ritual objects (golden seals) represent essential elements of Daoist magical practice.

仙謹投玉名土府太皇勒除罪刑奏簡上宫 列簿華清早得飛騰天地同靈九祖種親腐 骸更榮魂昇南宫舉化仙庭今日告命萬神 咸聽謹以金紐表名至情請如所告金馬驛 傳    又法  凡隱書五方赤書眞文置五方則五嶽仙  官至長齋百日精思則天神下降但佩此  文亦得尸解朱書五方五色石上災殃自  滅凶逆自消凡五嶽不必正嶽只以住居  之山分五嶽以命方爲命皆取像以招靈  氣嶽之神無不住也凡人一面之上亦有  五嶽備焉    折用五書訣  師曰梵炁開廓出圖度世無文不光無文  不立無文不成無文不度無文不生故百  魔隱韻離合自然因文以治事因意以立  章凡靈書中篇上下二品皆可離合而用  並用總監鬼神印    投靈山之嶽法呪  每遇本命甲子遇立春寫東方赤書自東  方起至舉仙住凡二十四字(書於九/天元臺)  立夏則寫南方赤書自南方起至太陽住  凡三十二字(書於九天/洞陽之館)  二分二至則寫中央赤書自中央起至萬  神住凡四十字(書子太玄/玉寳玄臺)  立秋則寫西方赤書自四方起至上仙住  凡四十八字(書于九人素靈/宫北軒之上)  立冬則寫北方赤書自比方起至玉階住  凡四十字(書于玄元紫㣲/臺北軒之内)  天書須依方色書曰剌上記姓名日月如
Interpretation

This passage expounds the cultivation methods and rituals of the Jingming (Pure Brightness) school of Daoism. It begins by describing the ceremonial protocol for submitting memorials to the deities: Practitioners must reverently report their names to the Grand Sovereign of Earthly Offices (a Daoist deity), seeking absolution for transgressions. Through this ritual, not only can the cultivator ascend to immortality, but even the ancestral remains of nine generations may attain renewal, with their spirits rising to the Southern Palace (a Daoist celestial realm), enabling the entire lineage to achieve Daoist transcendence. The ceremony employs golden knots as sacred tokens, delivered to the celestial court via the Golden Horse Courier System (a Daoist conceptualization of instantaneous celestial messaging).

The text then introduces a cultivation technique: By arranging the Five Directions' Vermilion Scripts (sacred talismans in five colors) according to their proper orientations, one may summon the immortal officials of the Five Sacred Mountains. Maintaining hundred-day purifications with focused practice will cause celestial beings to descend. Even merely carrying these talismans ensures corpse-liberation transcendence (a Daoist mode of immortality) after death. The specific method involves inscribing the talismans with cinnabar on five-colored stones to dispel calamities. Notably, the Five Mountains need not correspond to physical locations—practitioners may designate five directional points within their local mountainous terrain, as the human face also contains corresponding "Five Mountains" (reflecting Daoist physiognomy that maps facial features to sacred peaks).

Subsequent passages detail the seasonal protocols for talismanic inscription: During specific solar terms, one must write talismans of designated colors in particular directions. For instance, at the Beginning of Spring, twenty-four characters in vermilion script are written eastward; at the Beginning of Summer, thirty-two characters southward; during the equinoxes and solstices, forty characters at the center; at the Beginning of Autumn, forty-eight characters westward; and at the Beginning of Winter, forty characters northward. These inscriptions must be executed in sacred spaces such as the Primordial Platform of the Nine Heavens or the Cavernous Solar Lodge of the Nine Heavens (mythic Daoist architectural constructs). The scribe must use directionally appropriate colors while recording their name and the date.

The conclusion references the "Brahma Qi" (the primordial cosmic energy in Daoist cosmogony), emphasizing that without written characters during the world's creation, neither spiritual accomplishment nor salvation of beings would be possible. All efficacious scriptures may be adapted through modular combination as needed, requiring authentication with the "Seal of Universal Supervision Over Spirits" (a Daoist ritual stamp).

 投簡則九年五方仙官到使青腰赤圭黄  素大素玉女來皆先叩齒十二通呪曰 玄上髙靈元始尊神大聖徘徊萬聖臨軒三 景敷暉慶雲四陳上投校圖推筭九天今日 啓願投刺靈山丹書赤字自然眞文上告五 帝記名玉篇萬神監映日月明言願度願生 願神願仙天地星宿互照我身三官九府五 嶽大神普告無窮削除罪根元始大開莫不 納言九祖幽魂受福自然三途五苦永離八 難得與三景同暉紫宸輪轉不滅身得飛仙  畢讀刺了投於絶嵓便散香靈山之上又  叩齒三通向本命呪曰 元始監映仙名已書三官九府罪莫不除散 香五帝告監太虚請如所陳萬劫長居    安鎭星度天災法呪(安鎭五方赤書/主召某方星官)    (正天文分度若天災/安鎭則隨方而息)  東方自歳星起寫至災群住凡三十二字  以青紙朱書露中庭九日九夜依法以火  燒散灰於青煙之中并刻書於青石上埋  之  南方自熒𤊨起寫至命靈住凡三十六字  以青紙朱書露中庭三日三夜依前法燒  幷刻書於赤石上埋之  中央自鎭星起寫至驛傳住凡四十字以  青紙朱書露中庭十二日十二夜依前法  燒并刻書於黄石上埋之  西方自太白起寫至北元住凡二十四字  以青紙朱書露中庭七日七夜依前法燒  并刻書於白石上埋之
Interpretation

This scripture documents the ritual practices of the Jingming School (a Daoist tradition emphasizing loyalty, filial piety, purity, and illumination), specifically detailing two ceremonies: the Document Casting ritual (submitting petitions to deities) and the Pacification of Celestial Disasters rite.

In the Document Casting ritual, the practitioner first knocks their teeth twelve times while reciting a specific incantation. The essence of this chant is an address to the supreme Primordial Heavenly Venerable (Yuanshi Tianzun) and other deities, declaring that on this day, a sacred document (Dan Shu) is being submitted at the spiritual mountain. The petition requests the Five Directional Heavenly Emperors to record the practitioner's name, seeks the acknowledgment of myriad deities, and calls upon the sun and moon to bear witness. It expresses the aspiration for transcendence, longevity, and immortality, praying that celestial bodies illuminate the practitioner, and that the Three Officials (Heavenly, Earthly, and Water Officials), the Nine Bureaus (the nine divisions of the underworld), and the Great Deities of the Five Sacred Mountains jointly witness the elimination of karmic obstacles. The chant also beseeches blessings for ancestral spirits, that they may forever escape the Three Paths (hell, hungry ghosts, and animal rebirth) and Five Sufferings (birth, aging, sickness, death, etc.), and ultimately attain celestial flight alongside the radiance of the sun, moon, and stars. After the recitation, the document is cast into a cliff, incense is scattered upon the sacred mountain, and the practitioner knocks their teeth three more times while facing their birth-direction to recite another incantation, confirming that their name has been recorded in the celestial registers and their sins absolved.

The Pacification of Celestial Disasters rite is an apotropaic ritual performed to counteract natural calamities. The method involves writing specific incantations with cinnabar on blue paper, corresponding to different celestial lords (Jupiter, Mars, Saturn, Venus) in their respective directions (east, south, center, west). These inscribed papers are placed in an open courtyard for a set number of days (nine, three, twelve, or seven), then burned, with the ashes scattered into rising smoke. Simultaneously, the incantations are engraved on stones of corresponding colors (blue, red, yellow, white) and buried underground. Each directional incantation varies in word count (32, 36, 40, or 24 characters) and begins with the name of the respective stellar deity.

These rituals exemplify Daoist methods of communicating with deities through prescribed ceremonial forms to seek disaster relief and spiritual transcendence. They incorporate characteristic Daoist elements such as astral veneration, document submission, and the use of talismanic incantations.

 北方自北辰起寫至動暉住凡三十二字  以青紙朱書露中庭五日五夜依前法燒  并刻於黒石上埋之  皆向方面散髮叩齒十二通呪曰 元始上天三官髙明迴景照曜四方朗清運 度所衝激揚流星三界錯越三綂失寜五斗 總是七宿明靈眞君大魁厥諱玉精夫人皇 妃字曰育嬰總御玄關迴轉諸天今有客災 玄告不祥謹以眞文赤書上呈散髮謝愆披 露丹誠惟垂玄監迴復天經炁不橫越災不 横生燌燒靈文散煙玉庭上景照監普告萬 靈炁消三關災滅九冥隂陽調和國土太平 謹以金龍風馳驛呈  畢露眞文於中庭以金龍鎭之隨日而化  又依方色數用燈照及繒爲信    攝召法呪  凡受上法冝先攝伏魔鬼魔精旣伏神明  自攺  東方即自東山寫至稽延住三十二字朱  書青木剌(書東華玄/靈之館)  南方即自北攝寫至摧亡住三十六字黃  書赤木剌(書西南陽/正玉闕)  中央即自勑攝寫至當前住十六字白書  黄木剌(書玄都/玉臺)  西方即自赤書寫至帝君住十六字黒書  白木剌(書九天金闕/三圖之館)  北方即自北山寫至滅摧住二十四字青  書黒木剌(書北方/洞隂朔)  凡念呪北向五次東九次南三次中十二  次西七次俱叩齒三十六通閉炁九口仰  面念呪曰
Interpretation

This passage describes a ritual for ascending to immortality from the Jingming tradition of Daoism, comprising the inscription of sacred texts, their burial, and the recitation of incantations.

The practice begins by inscribing a thirty-two character sacred text starting from the "Northern Dipper" (Beichen) position in the north. Written with cinnabar on blue paper, the text is exposed in the central courtyard for five days and nights before being burned according to prescribed methods, then engraved on black stone for burial. During the ritual, the practitioner faces specific directions with hair unbound, taps teeth twelve times, and recites an incantation seeking disaster relief and misfortune dispelling. The prayer essentially invokes the Celestial Worthy of Primordial Beginning (Yuanshi Tianzun), the Three Officials (Sanguan Dadi), and other deities to illuminate the four directions, pacify the Three Realms (sanjie), and seek protection from the Five Dipper Star Lords (Wudou Xingjun) and Seven Mansions True Lords (Qixiu Zhenjun) to eliminate calamities, harmonize yin-yang, and bring peace to the nation. A golden dragon serves as the final offering to heaven.

The text then details inscription methods for sacred texts of the five directions:

  • Eastern text: 32 characters in cinnabar on blue wood, labeled "Eastern Florescence Mysterious Numen Lodge" (Donghua Xuanling zhi Guan)
  • Southern text: 36 characters in yellow on red wood, labeled "Southwest Yang Rectification Jade Tower" (Xinan Yangzheng Yuque)
  • Central text: 16 characters in white on yellow wood, labeled "Mystic Capital Jade Terrace" (Xuandu Yutai)
  • Western text: 16 characters in black on white wood, labeled "Nine Heavens Gold Tower Three Charts Lodge" (Jiutian Jinqu San Tu zhi Guan)
  • Northern text: 24 characters in blue on black wood, labeled "Northern Cavern Yin Lunar Lodge" (Beifang Dongyin Shuo)

Incantations are recited facing specific directions with prescribed repetitions: north five times, east nine times, south three times, center twelve times, and west seven times. Each recitation involves thirty-six tooth-tappings, nine breath retentions, followed by upward-facing invocations to summon demonic forces. The ritual's purpose is first to subdue demons and supernatural beings, thereby allowing divine manifestations to occur naturally.

三元開明㢠轉天常運推數終百六上乗大 劫交㑹萬妖爭行北鄷不拘放逸鬼宗群魔 縱肆妖閉天光上帝有命普告十方演明天 度法敎開張正道治民掃除不祥有何小▲ 群聚爲傷赤書玉文檢攝鬼郷北鄷三官明 速傳行千魔束爽萬鬼送形流鈴交煥激炁 太陽金虎四邀天丁捕亡大小齊到不得匿 藏元始所告列奏上官    召龍天水神止水度等法呪 天地大劫之災洪水四出此符可以禳止或 使蛟龍爲通路開水逕以度身形  東方自下制東河寫至無間止凡三十二  字黄書青紙投水中  南方自南河寫至不從止凡四十八字  中央自中山寫至普聞止凡四十八字  西方自西山寫至驛傳止凡四十八字  北方自九河寫至風馳止凡二十四字  皆如東方叩齒五通閉炁三十五息存身  心中生火火出頭頂燒四方山林草木及  已身都盡形體都成灰塵一時飛翔入青  煙之上無所遺復思大水浩浩蕩蕩除天  下已身化成蛟龍隨水而流因又扣齒二  十五通呪曰 上始廻靈開明九天元推地轉三炁流傳五 行相促運度機關隂陽否激結成災衝大劫 傾記蕩穢除氛九河受對洪流激川水毋徘 徊鳥馬合群日月㝠㑹三景停關上選種臣 推校玉文棄惡貴善清水濁分我叅帝簡名 列九天大災四㑹赤書所蠲是日告命萬神
Interpretation

This scripture reveals two esoteric Daoist methods for confronting cosmic calamities: demon-expelling rituals for averting disasters, and water-controlling talismans for summoning dragons.

The first section depicts the terrifying omens of an apocalyptic catastrophe: the Three Originals (Heaven, Earth, and Water Officials) malfunction in their celestial operations, allowing demons and monsters to rampage freely while specters from Northern Fengdu (the Daoist hell) escape to wreak havoc. At this critical juncture, the Celestial Worthy of Primordial Beginning (Yuanshi Tianzun, the supreme Daoist deity) descends with divine edicts, commanding the Three Officials through crimson-jade scriptures (Chishu Yuwen) to mobilize celestial armies for capturing these malevolent forces. Golden-Tiger Divine Generals and heavenly troops conduct sweeping purges, compelling all demonic entities to manifest and submit to cosmic justice.

The second section details specific flood-control incantations. When catastrophic floods arise, adepts must inscribe talismans with precise techniques:

  • East: 32 characters in azure ink on yellow paper
  • South: 48 characters
  • Center & West: 48 characters each
  • North: 24 characters

The ritual requires synchronized breathwork (holding qi for 35 cycles) and visualization:

1. Ignite an inner flame within the heart, envisioning it incinerating both the self and surroundings into blue smoke.

2. Morph spiritually into a flood-dragon (jiaolong) navigating the deluge.

The ceremony culminates in chanting invocations beseeching the Nine Heavens' deities to harmonize Yin-Yang and the Five Phases, part turbid from pure waters, and quell the disaster. Successful performance ensures the practitioner’s name is registered in celestial archives, granting exemption from the calamity.

These methods embody the Daoist principle of "cosmic resonance" (Tianren Ganying), asserting that precise rituals can bridge the divine and alter natural order. Key elements like "crimson-jade scriptures," "Three Officials," and "Golden-Tiger" reflect core Daoist liturgical components.

咸聞日月五星照明我魂五嶽靈光山浮度 我身九河水府溟泠大神開除水逕通利河 津蛟龍應符攝山送雲負我度我驚回奎張 丹書玉字元始眞文金龍驛呈時刻無聞者 須奏御上對帝尊  畢引炁二十五咽須㬰自當有水神通關  道在山則山浮在水則水自開可謂臨急  而濟也 太上靈寳淨明飛仙度
Interpretation

This passage describes a mystical experience in Daoist cultivation practice. The practitioner perceives the radiance of the sun, moon, and five planets (Five Stars) illuminating their ethereal soul (Hun and Po), while the spiritual light of the Five Sacred Mountains supports their physical form. The Great Deities of the Nine Rivers (Mingling Dashen) open waterways, commanding flood dragons to move according to talismanic instructions (Fulu), carrying the cultivator across mountains and waters.

The "cinnabar writings and jade characters" (Dan Shu Yu Zi) refer to sacred Daoist scripts, with the "Primordial True Texts" (Yuan Shi Zhen Wen) being among the highest scriptures. These divine writings are swiftly transmitted by golden dragons without pause. The practitioner must present these texts to the Celestial Emperor (Di Zun).

Regarding cultivation methods, the text mentions swallowing twenty-five breaths of Qi (Yin Qi Er Shi Wu Yan) in succession, which quickly summons the assistance of water deities. The scripture emphasizes that this Daoist method can make mountains float when practiced in mountainous regions, or part waters when performed near rivers—a salvational technique for critical moments.

This excerpt comes from the third volume of the Supreme Lingbao Jingming Feixian Duren Jingfa, a key scripture of the Jingming Daoist tradition. It primarily explains methods for obtaining divine protection and navigating perilous situations through specific cultivation techniques.

人經法卷三

Vol. 4

太上靈寳淨明飛仙度人經法卷四髮四    髙明大使神功妙濟眞君許旌陽釋 龍䇿章第一  師曰受學道士佩此靈文施於神呪以䇿  文指天則天神下降指地則地祇朝禮三  界束帯指神神敬指鬼鬼臧指水水神通  道大劫交運洪災四㑹以䇿召龍龍爲護  身長修善事精誠通達則神靈交㑹所在  施召舉向立到千變萬竒適意所從出入  行藏位推太極前道飛龍後從鈞天鳳嘯  鸞鳴十二華光建九色之節命靈之旛精  思九年天儀自備常朱書三天太上召伏  蛟龍虎豹山精文着一板上又書記年月  師姓名著一板上合二板内囊裹又朱書  次文著一板上凡二板合封爲神䇿如簿  之狀板悉用銀木爲之長一尺四寸廣二  寸四分以絳紋之繒作囊合長二尺四寸  衣之封外又上下封以元始五老之章    内板格    外板次文洛    題内外板文  以本師諱字及年月日題之具本貫法位  弟子本命年若于謹以某炁天中請到太  上靈寳八威䇿文三牒文太上所傳黄帝  合封爲䇿以出▲仰之式右毎用即先告  白次念呪呪畢叩齒九通仰天三肅引天  炁三咽以䇿之指所告之地閉炁九息而  止呪曰 元始太眞五靈髙尊太華皓映洞朗八門五 老告命無幽不聞上御九天中制鄷山下鎮 河海十二水源八威神呪靈䇿玉文召龍負
Interpretation

This scripture documents a ritual practice called "Dragon Tablet" from the Jingming lineage of Daoism (a school venerating Xu Xun, also known as Xu Jingyang, as its patriarch). It details the creation and use of a ritual implement capable of summoning dragon deities to ward off malevolent forces and avert disasters.

To practice this method, one must prepare two silver-wood tablets, each measuring one chi four cun in length and two cun four fen in width. On the first tablet, a vermilion inscription is written with the incantation: "By the decree of the Three Heavens' Supreme Purity, summon and subdue flood dragons, tigers, leopards, and mountain spirits," along with the date of the ritual and the practitioner's name. The second tablet bears a matching incantation. Both tablets are wrapped in deep crimson silk, forming a bundle two chi four cun in length, and sealed with the stamp of the "Five Ancient Venerables of Primordial Beginning" (Yuan Shi Wu Lao).

When performing the ritual, the practitioner must first report to the deities, then recite a specific incantation: "Primordial Beginning, Supreme Truth, Five Numinous High Lords..." This chant invokes the power of the Celestial Worthy of Primordial Beginning (Yuanshi Tianzun) and the Five Directional Ancient Lords (five high-ranking Daoist deities), connecting with the Nine Heavens above and subduing the underworld below, while mobilizing the divine might of the eight directions. After reciting, the practitioner knocks their teeth nine times, bows three times toward the sky, swallows Qi three times, and then points the tablet toward the target area while holding their breath for nine cycles.

The scripture emphasizes that those who consistently cultivate virtue (De), accumulate merit, and refine their sincerity will achieve resonance with the divine when using this method—summoned dragon deities will swiftly arrive to offer protection. This implement is particularly effective during floods or calamities, as the dragon spirits will safeguard the bearer. If one diligently practices for nine years, they may attain the achievement of "heavenly instruments spontaneously manifesting," signifying a certain advanced spiritual state.

When crafting the tablets, strict attention must be paid to the proper format of the inscriptions. The practitioner’s religious rank, the disciple’s birth details, and a declaration that this method originates from the "Supreme Numinous Treasure Eight Powers Tablet Texts" of the Yellow Emperor’s era must all be included. The entire ritual embodies the Daoist principle of "sincerity invoking resonance" (Yi Gan Tong), asserting that through specific ceremonies and incantations, one can commune with the divine forces of heaven and earth.

水収炁聚雲束魔送鬼掃蕩妖群萬精搉落 所誅無蠲日月五星北斗七元諸天諸地諸 水諸山五眞所部溟泠大神仙王遊宴五帝 仗旛天丁前驅金虎後奔钁天猛獸羅備四 門所呼立到所召立前赤書煥落風火無停 有所攝驗金龍驛傳  師曰靈圖赤書玉訣龍䇿曰章並略叙赤  明開圖至萬範開張一篇所載皆赤書煥  發開落爲用以濟合生之一二其有多門  未能悉記學者通於一而萬事畢矣宜在  乎多如能精專何施不可儻一一求之雖  彈紙墨不足以盡爲用多乎哉所謂萬範  開張也 元綱章第二 元綱流演三十二天輪轉無色周廻十方旋 斗歴箕廻度五常三十五分總炁上元八景 㝠合炁入玄玄玄中太皇上帝髙眞汛景太 霞嘯詠洞章金眞朗郁流響雲營玉音攝炁 靈風聚煙紫虚鬱秀輔翼萬仙千和萬合自 然成眞眞中有神長生太君無英公子白元 尊神太乙司命桃康合延執符把籙保命生 根上遊上清出入華房入冥之内細微之中 下鎭人身泥丸綘官中理五炁混合百神十 轉廻靈萬炁齊仙  師曰元綱者昇仙之要路天階之絶景道  源旣判神天居空洞之上非言可盡非見  可聞悟其眞者因眞修眞而外眞自應矣  識其妙者因妙得妙而外妙自應矣推神  天之象則元綱之位其逺其近舉可知也
Interpretation

This scripture expounds the cultivation methods and cosmology of the Pure Brightness (Jingming) school, an important Daoist tradition. The first section describes the power to exorcise evil: by gathering water Qi and condensing cloud energy to bind demons, sweeping away all manner of supernatural creatures. The forces of sun, moon, stars, heaven, earth, and mountains all participate in this work, as divine generals like the Five Emperors (Wudi) and celestial warriors (Tianbing) carry banners, with golden tigers leading the way and fierce beasts guarding the rear. At a single summons, these deities manifest instantly to assist. Crimson talismans (Chishu) radiate light, summoning wind, fire, thunder, and lightning in response, while golden dragons swiftly deliver messages.

The second section emphasizes the essence of cultivation: though scriptures like numinous charts, crimson writings, and jade instructions contain voluminous content, grasping their core principles allows mastery of all through one. Practitioners should focus on refined cultivation rather than seeking superficial breadth. True comprehension of "the infinite manifestations unfolding" (referring to the Dao's all-encompassing nature) enables understanding ten thousand methods through one.

The third section, the "Chapter on Primordial Principles" (Yuangang zhang), depicts cosmic operations: the thirty-two layered heavens (the Daoist cosmological structure of celestial realms) revolve ceaselessly, encompassing the ten directions. The rotation of the Big Dipper governs transformations of the Five Phases (Wuxing), while the Qi of Eight Luminous Realms (Bajing) converges in the upper origin. The Supreme Emperor of Grand Purity (Taihuang Shangdi), one of Daoism's highest deities, dwells in mysterious realms surrounded by sacred visions of golden truth and jade harmonies. Purple void Qi (the supreme primordial energy) nurtures all existence and assists myriad immortals. Important deities are mentioned here: the Eternal Life Great Lord (Changsheng Taijun), the Wuying Prince, the White Origin Venerable Spirit (Baiyuan Zunshen), the Great Unity Life Director (Taiyi Siming), and the Peach Blossom Harmony Guardian (Taokang Heyan). These beings wield talismanic registers (Fulu) as credentials of divine power, protect the roots of life, operate in the Upper Clarity Realm (Shangqing jing), and simultaneously oversee the Jing-Qi-Shen within the human body.

The text concludes that comprehending the "Primordial Principles" (Yuangang) – the fundamental laws of the cosmos – constitutes the essential path to immortality. Though the origin of the Dao transcends verbal expression, sincere cultivation enables direct resonance with its presence. Those who perceive its mysteries naturally harmonize with celestial patterns. By contemplating divine celestial phenomena, practitioners can understand the spatial and temporal dimensions of these cosmic principles (referring to methods of heaven-human resonance cultivation).

 人之有元炁開通骨䏞𩨨穴上達於頂一  如天上元綱之路人之魂魄在身一如人  在天中知出入則長生飛騰不知則庸愚  之夫不學術業未知事官聮班之次而求  見君也夫元炁融聚魂魄所飬爰有眞精  眞精所本根於左腎右腎爲命門在脊骨  之窮其下有大骨骨中髓透尻骨其穴多  龜尾其神爲王毋面南而治事因帝所向  而言謂之西龜之山道家托喻以爲名也  又謂之金闕以其居西也右謂爲金闕左  爲玉房玉房言其玉在山而木潤居東方  也又玉水之所本陽精之化精之所着名  曰淨霐此元綱之炁根本所發之地寳圖  之設髙壇起於此存三之說鬱羅蕭臺基  於此臺之中尊直當於心所謂靈臺此上  清之景也太清之上際則心之下也心之  懸垂其下爲肝肝之下二分北斗七星居  之其炁達心其原上通舌下名曰涌泉其  炁下達右腎腎之炁泄者以涌泉之炁不  禁爲交鋒交鋒者言斗之罡星大魒所照  之地其性肅殺其神即欲界也如知道者  以舌柱上腭直運其炁循脊而上以脊通  頭頭者上清玉京之要路所謂西龜與玉  京爲隣界者是今人不知便以爲西龜在  腦者有之然龜去玉清之炁四千萬里則  其遼邈可知也心居中炁直達在天則火  星最低炁先及也又心屬火命門之炁亦  屬火言上達而相感天之日月與火星齊
Interpretation

Within the human body exists a primordial energy (Yuan Qi) that ascends through the interstices of the bones to reach the crown of the head, tracing a path akin to the celestial movements of the stars. The manner in which the hun (ethereal soul) and po (corporeal soul) reside within the body mirrors humanity's place in the cosmos. Those who master the guidance of this energy's circulation achieve longevity and ascension, while the uninitited remain mired in mediocrity. This is like an uneducated commoner who cannot even comprehend the order of official court ranks yet presumes to seek an audience with the emperor.

The convergence point of Yuan Qi nourishes the hun and po, harboring the innate essence (Zhen Jing). The root of this true essence lies in the paired kidneys—the right kidney being called the "Gate of Life" (Mingmen), located at the base of the spine. Below the Mingmen lies a large bone whose marrow permeates the coccyx. This acupoint is often termed the "Tortoise Tail," governed by a presiding spirit known as the "Queen Mother," who faces south in rulership. Just as ancient emperors governed facing south, this region in Daoist cultivation is metaphorically called the "Western Tortoise Mountain." Due to its western orientation, it's also termed the "Golden Tower" (Jinque), while its left counterpart is called the "Jade Chamber" (Yufang), symbolizing the east through the imagery of jade nurturing trees within mountains. The Jade Chamber also serves as the source of "Jade Water" (body fluids), transformed from the essence of Yang Qi. Where this refined essence gathers is called "Jing Hong," the foundational origin of the Yuan Qi network.

The elevated altar (Bao Tu) constructed during cultivation begins here. The theory of "preserving the three" (Cun San) and the imaginal space of internal alchemy known as the "Luxuriant Canopy Terrace" (Yuluo Xiaotai) are both grounded in this region. The center of this imaginal space aligns with the heart, called the "Spirit Terrace" (Lingtai), embodying the Shangqing (Upper Clarity) realm. The upper boundary of the Taiqing (Great Clarity) realm corresponds to the area below the heart, where the suspended heart gives way to the liver. Two units below lies the energetic field of the Big Dipper, which ascends to connect with the heart. Its source is the "Bubbling Spring" (Yongquan) point beneath the tongue, channeling energy downward to the right kidney. Leakage of kidney Qi occurs when the Yongquan's energy remains unsealed, creating a state of "confrontation" (Jiaofeng). This refers to the region illuminated by the seventh star of the Dipper, "Piao Xing," which carries a purging quality and corresponds to deities of the desire realm.

Adept practitioners press the tongue against the palate to directly guide Qi upward along the spine—the vital pathway to the head. The crown is the gateway to the Shangqing's "Jade Capital" (Yujing), hence the saying "the Western Tortoise neighbors the Jade Capital." Some mistakenly assume the Western Tortoise resides in the brain, yet it remains forty million li distant from the Jade Clarity Qi, emphasizing its remoteness. The heart occupies the central position, its energy directly linked to heaven, much like Mars (Yinghuo Xing), the lowest planet that first responds to celestial phenomena. The heart belongs to fire, as does the Qi of the Mingmen. These two resonate vertically, synchronized like the sun, moon, and Mars in their celestial orbits.

 故日月叅之人身則兩乳與心齊兩乳者  兩眼之根原也人之二乳藏精以養目也  故年老氣敗目昏則乳無根腎無精其斗  在天之東北爲天之關鍵艮之位也於人  則右手肩井穴也人之炁脉以右爲始天  道行以西北爲始由行西而至牛宿而天  事畢人之炁自右手肩井至左手而人炁  周天事雖畢而未可發生故造化於北起  焉言重入火星也人炁雖一周而消息係  焉言重入心中也由火木水金而行者天  度也由心肝賢肺而行者炁腧背脊之穴  也取脊穴而觀則上下左右見矣求其妙  而推其喉環通頂門所以爲玄玄之妙妙  者言之不能盡不可指而名也無色之界  在心之下空洞之處魁之左也後自斗口  以舌柱上腭也舌柱上腭者名上天橋則  超上清矣如此則玉清之景頭也太清之  景丹田也上清之景絳宫也心爲靈臺則  靈寳之說可見矣於是而守守之在心於  是而朝朝之在頭此三華離便而見大有  之庭也故天中之天無英白元之㑹於心  也自然成眞則㑹於頭也修上道而至此  則事畢矣不可得而容聲也故録爲元罡  飛歩之法其有細微出在淨明法中今具  罡圖于後  師曰元罡之事叅於身中則嘯咏洞章之  說以經而論則云玄中太皇至自然成眞  住也究其義則玉清之景也玉清者天上
Interpretation

This scripture expounds on cultivation methods that correspond celestial phenomena to the human body. The human form mirrors a microcosm of the universe, resonating with the sun, moon, and stars above. The breasts correspond to the root of the eyes—the reservoir where Jing (essence) and Qi nourish vision. As one ages and vital energies wane, blurred vision occurs precisely because the breast's foundational connection weakens and kidney essence becomes deficient.

The Gen position (one of the Eight Trigrams) in the celestial northeast represents a pivotal point, corresponding to the Jianjing acupoint on the right shoulder. The body's Qi channels initiate their circulation from the right side, just as the celestial Dao begins its movement from the northwest. When Qi completes a microcosmic orbit—flowing from the right shoulder's Jianjing to the left side—it must restart from the northern direction, akin to rekindling the Heart Fire (Mars).

Key cultivation insights: The movements of Fire, Wood, Water, and Metal correspond to celestial cycles, while the operations of heart, liver, kidneys, and lungs relate to acupoints along the spinal column. Observing these vertebral points reveals the dynamic shifts of Qi between upper/lower and left/right regions. Most profound is the connection between the throat and the Baihui acupoint at the crown—a mystery transcending verbal description, belonging to the formless realm beyond physicality, located in the void beneath the heart.

Practical method: Press the tongue against the palate—called "building the celestial bridge"—to facilitate ascension to Shangqing (Upper Clarity, one of the Three Pure Realms). Here, the head corresponds to Yuqing (Jade Clarity), the Dantian to Taiqing (Grand Clarity), and the crimson palace of the heart to Shangqing. When the heart becomes the spiritual platform, it manifests the mysteries of Lingbao (primordial Qi).

During practice, focus intention on the heart while ceremonial reverence resides in the head. When the Three Radiances (Jing, Qi, Shen) separate and manifest, one perceives the "Court of Great Possession"—the supreme state. The celestial Wuying and Baiyuan (two primordial Qi forces) converge in the heart; when true nature spontaneously awakens, this realization appears in the head. Upon reaching such advanced stages, words become unnecessary.

The text concludes with references to the "Flying Steps of Primordial Gang" method, detailed separately in the Jingming tradition. Masters emphasize that comprehending Primordial Gang requires personal cultivation—through scripture recitation one attains the "Supreme Sovereign of Mysterious Center" realm, ultimately achieving authentic realization. These are the auspicious signs heralding attainment of Yuqing, the highest celestial domain.

 之天也仰而視之則無上也俯而窺之則  日月五星斗宿之神也三十二天之帝也  言㑹而朝髙眞太皇也太皇在洞房中三  十二天羅布二十八宿環之日月五星侍  立於前峩然大有之庭也以人身而求之  天則頭者上天也兩眉間者太皇上帝髙  眞所居也汎景太霞者兩目中光也嘯咏  洞章鼻口出入息也金眞者鼻應金也流  響雲營玉音攝炁者口鼻之息其響韻如  此紫虚者眉也輔翼萬仙千和萬合者耳  目鼻口不妄爲出入有眞人童子存馬其  聲合乎天籟與洞章叅言中正之和氣分  以其音召和氣出爲布炁呪水之呪  師曰長生太君火之正星玄中太皇之炁  也無英公子白元尊神是金木之神星太  乙司命是水之尊號桃康合延是土之眞  帝以洞房仙法驗之世書之論不同今正  本法椎窮得旨要之精者爲洞房法    呪水布炁法  諸呪水布炁見玄中太皇身著上清衣手  執青書坐師子座左有長生大君右有太  乙司命亦衣上清衣執圭侍立其大如棗  在兩眉間方闊一寸如亭殿金闕照耀有  光如青紅瑠璃照水中如布炁則存照病  人念呪自玄中太皇起至自然成眞住几  九遍存思耳目口鼻中有仙樂洞章歩虚  之聲呪水時吹炁於水中九口布炁吹病  人亦九口布炁未驗再存吹三次而止    洞房修眞法
Interpretation

This scripture describes the specific methods of the "Cavern Chamber Immortal Technique" practiced in the Daoist Jingming tradition, which aligns human physiology with celestial bodies for cultivation. The content is divided into two main sections:

The first part explains the correspondence between the human body and the celestial realm: the head corresponds to the upper heavens, with the space between the eyebrows being the dwelling place of the Supreme Sovereign (Taishang), the highest deity in Daoism. The light in the eyes corresponds to the radiance of the sun, moon, and stars; nasal respiration aligns with natural rhythms; and the incantations recited by the mouth can mobilize the primordial Qi of heaven and earth. When the ears, eyes, nose, and mouth function in harmonious coordination, they resonate in unity with cosmic nature.

The second part details the operational method of "Chanting Over Water to Distribute Qi": During practice, one should visualize the Mystic Center's Supreme Sovereign (Xuanzhong Taishang) wearing blue Daoist robes, seated on a lion throne while holding scriptures, flanked by two guardian deities - the Great Lord of Longevity (Changsheng Dajun) and the Director of Fate Taiyi (Taiyi Siming). This visualization focuses on a one-inch square area between the eyebrows, imagined as a resplendent golden and jade palace.

The specific procedure involves: First, recite the incantation nine times over water while visualizing celestial music swirling through one's facial orifices; then exhale onto the water nine times. When treating illness, exhale onto the patient nine times as well. If the effect is insufficient, repeat the exhalation three more times. The entire process requires maintaining focused visualization (cunxiang) in a state of concentrated awareness.

 諸修眞洞房者亦存三守一之要法也毎  日靜坐不拘時候存玄中太皇身著上清  衣手執青圭坐師子上長生大君在左太  乙司命在右無英在左白元在右桃康在  左桃孩在右長生火也火傳厨不息故爲  長生心也太乙命門之神也故爲司命無  英肝神白元肺神桃康合延土神物入土  則分析而生故其神有二此神居臍中臍  爲命之根土爲五行之根今以爲賢神則  非也腎水也得土而和故存腎者亦思二  桃也存之則次第存自本官出各衣上清  金縷霞衣侍衞中尊太皇在眉間分明了  然眉中一寸廣如宫殿微呪曰眞中有神  至萬炁齊仙住凡八十一徧一徧取炁一  口又思已魂衣絳綾衣袍戴逺逰之冠朝  見太皇髙尊與太皇髙尊相對坐衆眞侍  立如前復念前呪九徧咽津八十一過而  止 靈芽章第三  師曰經自梵炁而分其言包含萬範皆明  梵炁分布施生靈秀於是而知赤書之字  結爲五芽在天則爲五帝之精在人則爲  五官之秀中理五炁者以其下鎭安於一  人也故自修洞房行元綱布神炁而服五  芽存思食生炁之法    服五芽法  師曰九炁青天三炁丹天中央黃天七炁  素天五炁玄天各有五帝五靈之童東方  青靈之童典青帝之書諱開陽長九寸青  羽衣執青麾侍文左南方赤靈之童典赤
Interpretation

The key to cultivating the "Chamber of the Cavern" (referring to the upper Dantian or Mud Ball Palace) lies in the "Three Guardians and One" method. During daily meditation, regardless of the time, visualize the Supreme Sovereign of the Mysterious Realm (a revered Daoist deity) dressed in celestial blue robes, holding a green jade tablet, seated majestically on a lion throne. The Great Lord of Longevity stands to his left, while the Director of Fate (Taiyi) stands to his right; Wuying (the Liver Spirit) is on the left, Baiyuan (the Lung Spirit) on the right; Taokang (Earth Spirit) to the left, and Taohai (another Earth Spirit) to the right.

Here, the Great Lord of Longevity symbolizes the fire of life—fire represents longevity because it burns continuously. Taiyi is the spirit of the Gate of Life (mingmen), governing lifespan. Wuying corresponds to the liver spirit, and Baiyuan to the lung spirit. Taokang and Taohai are both earth spirits, as all things must return to the earth to grow and multiply—hence two earth spirits reside in the navel, the root of life, where earth, the foundation of the Five Phases (Wood, Fire, Earth, Metal, Water), resides. Some mistakenly associate these with the kidney spirits, but the kidneys belong to water and require earth for balance. Thus, when visualizing the kidneys, one must also contemplate the two peach spirits (Taokang and Taohai).

During visualization, these deities appear in golden radiant robes, emerging from their respective palaces to surround and attend the central Supreme Sovereign. The Sovereign resides in a palace one inch in diameter between the eyebrows. While visualizing, silently recite the mantra: "Within the truth lies the spirit, until all Qi ascends to immortality," repeating it eighty-one times, inhaling once with each recitation.

Next, envision your own hun and po souls dressed in crimson robes, wearing the "Far-Roaming Crown," paying homage to the Supreme Sovereign. As you sit facing the Sovereign, the assembled spirits remain in attendance. Recite the previous mantra nine more times, then swallow saliva eighty-one times to conclude.

The Lingya Chapter records: The scripture originates from the primordial Brahma Qi (the cosmic source energy), embodying the laws of heaven and earth and elucidating the mystery of Brahma Qi transforming into all things. The "Red Script Jade Characters" (sacred Daoist writings) condense into the Five Directions' Spiritual Sprouts—in heaven, they are the essences of the Five Directional Emperors; in humans, they are the essences of the five organs. Cultivation requires harmonizing the Qi of the five organs through visualization in the Chamber of the Cavern, circulating Qi to refine the spirit (Shen), and complementing it with the practice of ingesting the Five Sprouts (the essences of the five directions).

The specific method for ingesting the Five Sprouts: Visualize the five celestial directions, each with its own emperor and immortal attendants. In the eastern azure heavens, the Green Spirit Youth presides over the True Script of the Green Emperor, standing nine inches tall, clad in blue feathered robes, holding a blue banner, positioned to the left. The southern crimson heavens have the Red Spirit Youth... (subsequent content similarly describes the characteristics of the five celestial directions).

 帝之書諱丹珠長三寸赤羽衣執赤節侍  文前中央黄靈之童典黄帝之書諱紅瑛  長一寸二分黄羽衣執黄鉞侍文中央西  方白靈之童典白帝之書諱明石長七寸  素羽衣執白旗侍文右北方黒靈之童典  黒帝之書諱玉滋長五寸黒羽衣執黒幢  侍文後學者思此五童降巳身百日及佩  眞文百日其神居五藏之中爲致五芽之  精常以立春之日雞鳴入室東向九拜平  坐叩齒九通思青帝字靈威長九寸冠青  玉冠衣九炁青羽飛衣駕蒼龍玉輿建鴞  旗從甲乙始老之官九十萬人來降須㬰  化生青炁如雲貫覆巳形從巳口直入下  肝腑又思木星煥明在東方照已身便開  目念呪九遍吞東方眞文十二字又常以  立夏日雞鳴入室幸向三拜平坐叩齒三  通思赤帝字飄弩長二寸冠赤玉冠衣三  炁丹羽飛衣駕丹龍王輿建釆旗從丙丁  眞老之官三十萬人來降須㬰化生赤炁  如火貫䨱已形從己口入直下心腑又思  火星煥明在南方照已身便開目念呪三  遍吞南方眞文十二字又常以二分二至  四日雞鳴入室向王十二拜平坐叩齒十  二通思黃帝字含樞紐長一尺二寸冠黄  玉冠衣五色羽衣駕黃龍玉輿建黃旗從  戊已元老之官十二萬人來降須㬰化生  黄炁如雲覆巳身從已口入直下脾腑又  思土星在天中照我身便開目念呪十二
Interpretation

This passage describes the Jingming School's method of cultivating the "Five Emperor True Scripts," focusing on visualizing the Five Directional Celestial Emperors and their attendants to refine the vital essences of the five organs.

The practice involves visualizing five divine youths: the Central Yellow Numinous Youth (keeper of the Yellow Emperor's scriptures), Eastern Green Numinous Youth, Southern Red Numinous Youth, Western White Numinous Youth, and Northern Black Numinous Youth. Each wears feathered robes of distinct colors, holds unique ritual implements, and possesses varying statures. Practitioners must maintain these visualizations for one hundred days to invite these deities to reside within their organs and receive the quintessential energies of the Five Phases.

The seasonal practice proceeds as follows: During the Beginning of Spring (立春), face east to visualize the Green Emperor (Eastern Celestial Sovereign) wearing a jade-green crown and green feathered robe, riding a azure dragon chariot. Simultaneously envision nine hundred thousand celestial officials descending as verdant cloud-qi enters your mouth to nourish the liver. Visualize Jupiter shining upon you, silently recite the incantation, then ingest the twelve-character Eastern True Script.

At the Summer Solstice (立夏), face south to contemplate the Red Emperor (Southern Celestial Sovereign) adorned with a crimson jade crown and scarlet feathered robe, mounted on a vermilion dragon chariot. Three hundred thousand celestial officials descend while fiery red cloud-qi enters your heart like flames. With Mars illuminating your being, silently chant the mantra before swallowing the twelve-character Southern True Script.

During the four pivotal solar terms—Spring Equinox, Autumn Equinox, Summer Solstice, and Winter Solstice—practitioners face the central direction to visualize the Yellow Emperor wearing a golden jade crown and multicolored feathered robe, astride a yellow dragon chariot. One hundred twenty thousand celestial officials descend as golden-yellow cloud-qi enters the spleen. With Saturn radiating above, recite the corresponding incantation.

This cultivation method employs seasonal visualizations, teeth-tapping rituals, and mantra recitations to channel the Five Emperors' energies into their corresponding organs, harmonizing the Five Phases (Wood, Fire, Earth, Metal, Water) and nourishing body-mind unity. Each season corresponds to specific directions, colors, and internal organs, forming a comprehensive Five Phases cultivation system.

 遍吞中央眞文十六字常以立秋日雞鳴  入室西向七拜平坐叩齒七通思白帝字  曜魄寳長七寸冠白玉冠衣七炁白羽飛  衣駕白龍玉輿建素旗從庚辛皇老之官  七十萬人來降須㬰化生白炁如雲貫覆  已身從已口入直下肺腑又思金星煥明  在西方照已身便開目念呪七遍吞西方  眞文十二字又常以立冬日雞鳴入室北  向五拜平坐叩齒五通思黒帝字隱侯局  長五寸冠玄玉冠衣五炁玄羽飛衣駕黒  龍玉輿建皂旗從壬癸玄老之官五十萬  人來降須㬰化生黒炁如流星之光貫覆  已形從巳口入直下賢腑又思水星煥明  北方照履已身便開目念呪五通吞北方  眞文十二字    東方呪曰 九炁青天元始上精皇老尊神衣服羽青役 御天官煥明歳星散輝流芳陶溉我形上餐 明霞服引木精固養青芽保鎭朽齡肝腑充 溢玉芝自生𢌞年億劫色及童嬰五炁和合 天地長并    南方呪曰 三炁丹天朱宫靈童元始上老叅駕赤龍丹 羽飛衣錦被明光驅䇿靈官運導隂陽三炁 吐輝漑我絳宫赤子但鎭錬芽飾容朝餐朱 景玉芝滿充𢌞停劫年朽骸反童長齡天地 水享無窮身生水火斷絶群兇    中央呪曰 中黃太山元炁徘徊上有皇老總綂四垂參 駕黃龍五色羽衣運導九天輪轉璇璣煥明
Interpretation

This scripture documents the cultivation methods of the Jingming School (an important Daoist lineage), which primarily involve absorbing the Five Directional True Qi through seasonal rituals and visualization (meditative contemplation). The practice is specifically divided into autumn and winter seasonal methods:

During the "Rooster's Cry" period (1-3 AM) on the day of Autumn's Beginning (Liqiu), practitioners face west to perform seven prostrations, then sit upright and tap their teeth seven times. They visualize the White Emperor (Western Celestial Sovereign) wearing a white jade crown and feathered white robe, riding a white jade dragon chariot accompanied by 700,000 celestial officials. White misty Qi is imagined entering through the mouth to nourish the lungs. Next, envision Venus shining from the west while reciting an incantation seven times, followed by swallowing the twelve-character Western True Script.

During the same predawn hours on Winter's Beginning (Lidong), practitioners face north for five prostrations and tooth-tappings. They visualize the Black Emperor (Northern Celestial Sovereign) wearing a dark jade crown and black feathered robe, riding a black jade dragon chariot with 500,000 celestial attendants. Black starlight energy is imagined entering through the mouth to nourish the kidneys. Finally, envision Mercury shining from the north while reciting an incantation five times before swallowing the twelve-character Northern True Script.

The text subsequently records the essential incantations for the eastern, southern, and central directions:

  • The eastern incantation emphasizes nourishing the liver with Nine Heavens Qi to preserve eternal youth;
  • The southern incantation employs Three Heavens Qi to warm the heart palace, achieving the state of "water and fire in perfect balance";
  • The central incantation visualizes the primordial Qi circulating through the Central Yellow Great Mountain (symbolizing the human Yellow Court) in resonance with the celestial pivot (the Big Dipper).

These cultivation methods embody the Daoist principle of "Heaven-human correspondence," aligning specific seasons, directions, and internal organs through visualization and incantations to regulate Yin-Yang and refine Jing-Qi. Here, "True Script" refers to mystical talismanic characters with spiritual power; "tooth-tapping" is a common Daoist ritual for divine communication; while "Qi" denotes prenatal vital energy, distinct from ordinary postnatal breath.

七星流光散輝玉英芳芝充溢四飛陶漑我 身脾臃先開養芽餐精萬神總歸檢魂制魄 仙錬八威表裏洞明長生不哀通眞達靈升 入玄微    西方呪曰 金靈七門皓映西華中有素皇元始之家參 駕白龍七炁峩峩徘徊玉門散精朱霞金星 吐輝芳芝𩃎𩃱玄奥我身飬我素芽明石鮮 光萬劫不俱服以流泉餐以太和九天上帝 給以玉華保年駐顔白景敷羅長存天地三 光同遐    北方呪曰 北方玄天五炁散靈上有大神始老元精駕 龍建旗逰宴上京是日元吉慶雲敷榮飛芝 流灑滂沱四盈玉女玄奥溉我身形腎宫𠑽 鎭朽芽重生五府納眞上通神明五老降接 仙道早成變化水火衣服羽青飛行太空逰 造紫庭壽同三景萬劫遐齡  右呪畢各依方數咽津止便服字諸常服  字則以雞鳴陽光始分東向叩齒如其方  數摩兩掌拭面目如其方數念呪自東方  起至北方終爲一周  東方青芽云服食青芽飲以朝華畢便以  舌撩上齒之裏舐唇三過令玉泉滿口而  咽之三過又引青炁九咽令鎭肝中  南方朱丹云服食朱丹飲以池華以舌撩  下齒表䑛唇漱口今玉芝滿口而三咽之  又引赤炁三咽令鎭心中  中央戊己昻昻太山服食精氣飲以醴泉  畢以舌撩上齒取玉泉舐唇而三咽之又  引黃炁十二咽令鎭脾中
Interpretation

This scripture records the Jingming School's (an important Daoist sect during the Song-Yuan period) method for cultivating the five viscera's true Qi, including directional incantations and specific practice procedures.

The Eastern incantation describes: The seven stars shine with flowing radiance, and jade-blossomed immortal herbs nourish the entire body. Begin by activating the spleen to establish the foundation of life and govern the hun and po souls. Through cultivating the "Eight Powers" (eight mystical forces), one achieves internal and external clarity, reaching the state of immortality and ultimately merging with the profound Dao.

The Western incantation recounts: Golden spiritual light illuminates the immortal realm of the West, where the residence of the Primordial Heavenly Lord (Yuanshi Tianzun) lies. Riding a white dragon amidst seven-colored clouds, with Venus shining brightly and fragrant immortal herbs, one drinks from celestial springs and absorbs the Great Harmony Qi (the primordial energy of the cosmos). Receiving the Jade Blossom (immortal elixir) bestowed by the Nine Heavens' Divine Emperor, one preserves eternal youth and coexists with the radiance of the sun, moon, and stars.

The Northern incantation explains: The Mysterious Heaven of the North is filled with five-colored Qi, where the Primordial Heavenly Lord roams. On auspicious days amid propitious clouds, divine mushrooms and sweet dew nourish the body. By refining the kidneys, withered vitality is rejuvenated. Once the five viscera's true Qi is abundant, the Five Directional Emperors (Green Emperor of the East, Red Emperor of the South, etc.) descend to guide one toward immortality. Achieving immunity to fire and water, one attains the ability of feathered ascension, with a lifespan as enduring as the sun, moon, and stars.

Specific Practice Method:

After reciting the four directional incantations, swallow saliva according to the prescribed counts for each direction. For regular practice, face east at dawn:

1. Tap the teeth the corresponding number of times.

2. Rub the palms to generate warmth and massage the face the corresponding number of times.

3. Begin chanting from the East and conclude with the North to complete one cycle.

Detailed Procedures for Each Direction:

East: Visualize consuming tender green sprouts and drinking morning dew. Use the tongue to lick the inner side of the upper teeth, then lick the lips three times. Once saliva fills the mouth, swallow it in three portions. Then swallow nine mouthfuls of green Qi, storing it in the liver.

South: Visualize consuming red immortal elixirs and drinking the essence of celestial pools. Use the tongue to lick the outer side of the lower teeth, then lick and rinse the mouth. Once saliva fills the mouth, swallow it in three portions. Then swallow three mouthfuls of red Qi, storing it in the heart.

Center: Visualize the grandeur of Mount Tai, consuming the essence of heaven and earth and drinking sweet springs. Use the tongue to lick the upper teeth, then collect saliva to lick the lips before swallowing it in three portions. Then swallow twelve mouthfuls of yellow Qi, storing it in the spleen.

 西方明石云服食明石飲以靈液畢以舌  撩上齒漱口令玉芝滿口而三咽之又引  白炁七咽令鎭肺中  北方玄滋云服食玄滋飲以玉飴畢以舌  撩下齒内䑛唇漱口滿而咽之又引黒炁  五咽令鎭賢中  右畢叩齒三十六通咽炁二十五過止又  都呪曰白石巖巖以次行源泉通湧洞灌  以玉漿飲之長生壽命益長畢以舌撩口  上下中央令玉芝滿口而三咽之其道都  畢    東方眞文    南方眞文    中央眞文    西方眞文    北方眞文    玉飴 仁濟章第四 仙道貴生無量度人上開八門飛天法輪罪 福禁戒宿命因縁普受開度死魂生身身得 受生上聞諸天諸天之上各有生門中有空 洞謡歌之音魔王靈篇辭叅髙眞  師曰此唾易修摩也其神常集於泥九之  上在人頭常爲人呼集魂魄眞神有淪喪  數未盡者皆救其名爲法倧兄弟三人手  執飛天法輪此是三天魔王之子也其靈  篇之辭在後詳其義而爲之洞章而唾易  修摩符出淨明經也本章今别以爲救世  符禁之術 第一欲界飛空之音人道渺渺仙道莽莽鬼 道樂兮當人生門天道貴生鬼道貴終仙道 常自吉鬼道常自凶  師曰此歌音可以斷百邪凡人家素有妖  魅未欲驅捉只令自北分散不爲禍患則  以此音治之搯酉文念呪七遍書符一道  鎭之其怪永絶
Interpretation

This scripture outlines a complete Daoist method of Qi absorption practice, primarily involving directional breathing techniques corresponding to the Five Phases (Wuxing) and accompanying incantations. The practitioner begins by facing west, pressing the tongue against the upper teeth to swallow the naturally produced saliva (called "nectar of the spirits"), while visualizing white Qi being swallowed seven times to fortify the lungs. Then turning north, the practitioner presses the tongue against the lower teeth to moisten the lips, swallowing black Qi five times to nourish the kidneys. Following these steps, one performs teeth-tapping thirty-six times and swallows Qi twenty-five times.

A sacred incantation is then recited, describing jade springs flowing from white stone cliffs—drinking this immortal nectar grants longevity. The tongue swirls around the mouth's upper and lower regions, swallowing the generated saliva three times. The text also references the "True Scripts" (Zhenwen) and "Jade Nectar" (Yuyi) associated with the five cardinal directions: east, south, west, north, and center.

The "Chapter of Benevolent Salvation" emphasizes the Daoist sacred regard for life and universal deliverance. It mentions celestial concepts like the Eight Heavenly Gates and the Flying Dharma Wheel, along with imagery of the Demon King's son holding this wheel. Notably, the incantation can dispel all malign influences—if a household suffers from persistent hauntings, one need only form the hand seal (Youwen mudra), recite the spell seven times, and inscribe a talisman (Fulu) to permanently banish the disturbances.

The practice involves working with the "Muddy Pellet" (Niwan, the crown-point acupressure site where the primordial spirit gathers) and the Hun-Po soul complex. Through specialized breathing and visualization, one refines the Shen (spirit) and regulates the five viscera. The spell's apotropaic functions exemplify the integration of Daoism's core philosophy—valuing life and universal salvation—with ritual talismanic arts.

   符文  右件以五月五日造印之如有患狐魅即  令帯之其鬼自去 髙上清靈爽悲歌朗太空唯願仙道成不欲 人道窮北都泉曲府中有萬鬼群但欲遏人 筭斷絶人命門阿人歌洞章以攝北羅鄷東 送妖魔精斬馘六鬼鋒諸天炁蕩蕩我道日 興隆  師曰此歌音可以驅捉邪魅凡人家有精  怪作禍遣之不去者以此音掐酉朱書眞  字一通付所差官將擒之其文先以引劄  叙事用此粘連卷前或粘投詞前如有印  文即掐訣印粘之    眞文玉篆 第二色界魔王章落落髙張明炁四騫梵 行諸天周廻十方無量大神皆由我身 師曰此歌音可以禳鎭凡人家宅不寜所 謀不遂身命迍蹇可以用朱書符貼佩書 時念此呪七遍又左手辰文 符文 我有洞章萬徧成仙仙道貴度鬼道相連天 地眇莾穢炁氛氛三界樂兮過之長存身度 我界體入自然此時樂兮薄由我恩  師曰此歌音可以解拔𡨚滯飛疰復連凡  有此者以桐木書符念七遍手掐巽取東  方炁一口吹之書畢却以再書寫此一叚  於其上四畔發出用朱書亦可佩帯令人  和合所向如心也    符文  右書訖以字蓋之置於門上若解塚訟則  釘墓側 龍漢蕩蕩何能别眞我界難度故作洞文變 化飛空以試爾身成敗懈退度者幾人笑爾 不度故爲歌音
Interpretation

This scripture records several Daoist talismans (fulu) and methods for exorcising evil influences, protecting homes, and resolving karmic grievances.

Regarding the method for dispelling fox spirits and malevolent ghosts: On the fifth day of the fifth lunar month, craft a ritual seal. When encountering someone afflicted by fox spirits, have them wear this seal, and the ghosts will naturally depart. This is followed by an exorcism incantation, the essence of which states: "The pure and luminous Qi fills the vast emptiness; we seek only to cultivate the Dao and attain immortality, not to sink into the realm of mortal existence. In the northern Springs and Winding Mansion (a Daoist underworld domain), hordes of ghosts gather, seeking to harm humans. By reciting this sacred verse from the Cavern of Truth (Dongzhen), one can subdue the demons of the Northern Luo Feng (a Daoist hell realm) and slay the malevolent spirits."

The ritual master explains that this incantation can be used to expel evil influences. If a household is plagued by unruly spirits that refuse to leave, one should use cinnabar to inscribe the sacred talisman during the you hour (5–7 PM), accompanied by a specific hand seal (chenwen, a type of Daoist mudra), to dispatch divine generals to capture them. In practice, one must first draft a petition stating the matter, affix these talismans to the front of the appeal, and if a ritual seal is available, imprint it while forming the hand gesture.

The second section concerns the "Chapter of the Demon Kings of the Realm of Desire." The text describes how the supreme Dao-Qi pervades all directions and how the celestial deities all originate from the Great Dao. The master explains that this incantation can pacify and protect homes. When a household is unsettled, plagued by misfortune, or afflicted by an ill-fated destiny, one may inscribe the talisman with cinnabar and wear it. While writing, recite the incantation seven times while forming the chenwen hand seal with the left hand.

The third talisman is used to resolve karmic grievances and "repeated hauntings" (when deceased souls persistently trouble the living). The incantation’s essence states: "Reciting this sacred verse from the Cavern repeatedly leads to immortality and transcendence, liberating wandering ghosts." The method involves carving the talisman on paulownia wood, reciting the incantation seven times, forming the xun hand seal (a mudra for the southeast direction) to draw in eastern Qi, and blowing it onto the talisman. After completion, another incantation is written over it, radiating outward in all directions. Alternatively, one may inscribe it with cinnabar and wear it to fulfill wishes.

The final section details the talisman’s application: After writing, cover it with specific characters and affix it to the door. To resolve disputes caused by "yin dwellings" (grave-related misfortunes), nail it beside the tomb. The incantation speaks of the inscrutable nature of the Dao and the hardships of cultivation, noting that these scriptures are left behind to test practitioners—few endure to the end.

 師曰此歌音可以治顚邪凡心病不知所  主者以此呪符五徧取午炁一口書符令  患吞佩左右午文    符文 第三無色界魔王歌曰三界之上眇眇大羅 上無色根雲層峩峩唯有元始浩劫之家部 制我界統乗玄都有過我界身入玉虚我位 上王匡御衆魔  師曰此歌音可以佩帯百神稽首公私災  患不及書符即用此呪之左手寅文呪三  徧取東西二方炁各一口書訖朱寫文封  之一邊寫一邊押字    符文 空中萬變穢炁紛葩保眞者少迷惑者多仙 道難固鬼道易邪人道者心諒不由他仙道 貴實人道貴華爾不樂仙道三界那得過其 欲轉五道我當復柰何  師曰此歌音乃遣鬼呪也凡有祖先爲禍  不可攝罪者以此音呪符一道燒之書符  時再掐酉文    符文 此三界之上飛空之中魔王之音音叅洞章 誦之百遍名度南宫誦之千徧魔王保迎萬 徧道備飛昇太空過度三界位登仙公有聞 靈音魔王敬形  師曰此歌音眞書以封前所燒之符封符  如簡上書此文 勑制地祇侍衞送迎拔出地戸五苦八難七 祖昇仙永離鬼官魂度朱陵受錬更生  師曰此章可以救沉滯凡有幽魂則先燒  遣鬼呪符次焚符追度之時其文當寫如  歴關諸天關子叙事意凡爲弟子追度則  同歴關諸天同爲之以黃紙墨寫符文    符文
Interpretation

This scripture records several incantations and talisman (Fulu) techniques from the Jingming tradition of Daoism. The master explained that the first chant, "Song of the Formless Realm Demon King," can treat mental confusion and unsettled Shen (spirit). The method involves reciting the incantation five times, drawing in a breath of Yang Qi during the noon hour (11 AM to 1 PM), then creating a talisman for the patient to ingest or wear. When drawing the talisman, one must form the "Wu hand seal" (a specific Daoist mudra technique).

The second section describes talismans for invoking hundreds of deities and averting disasters. To use them, form the "Yin hand seal" with the left hand, recite the incantation three times, draw one breath of Qi from both east and west, then write the talisman in cinnabar while stamping it with a seal during inscription.

The third passage contains ghost-banishing incantations. When ancestral hauntings prove difficult to resolve, one may use this chant to create a talisman to be burned. The "You hand seal" must be formed during inscription. This chant observes how ghostly paths easily delude people, while the immortal path emphasizes practical cultivation, and the human path often pursues superficial splendor.

The fourth section explains these chants originate from the voices of demon kings beyond the Three Realms. Repeated recitation can liberate wandering souls—a hundred recitations deliver them to the Southern Palace (Daoism's institution for soul salvation), a thousand summon demon kings to receive them, and ten thousand enable Dao attainment and ascension. Upon hearing these sacred sounds, even demon kings bow respectfully.

The final passage details soul liberation rituals. First burn ghost-banishing talismans, then salvation talismans. During liberation rites, record the deceased's information like an official document to present before the celestial courts. Disciples performing these rites must write talismans on yellow paper with black ink. These sacred texts help souls escape underworld suffering, enabling seven generations of ancestors to receive liberation and undergo spiritual refinement in the Vermilion Mound (Daoist purgatory for soul refinement) for rebirth.

太上靈寳淨明飛仙度人經法
Interpretation

This scripture belongs to an important canon of the Lingbao (Numinous Treasure) tradition in Daoism, primarily expounding cultivation methods to achieve ascension as an immortal and deliverance of sentient beings through "Jingming" (the practice of purifying and illuminating one's innate nature). The fourth volume continues the preceding themes, detailing how practitioners can attain spiritual purity like a polished mirror through specific rituals and mental techniques, ultimately achieving physical transformation and celestial ascension.

Several key cultivation elements are presented: First is the "Cunsi" (visualization meditation) method, requiring practitioners to contemplate the forms of various deities within their bodies in a quiet chamber. Next is the "Feizhang" (flying petition) ritual, involving celestial communications through specially formatted documents. There's also the "Liandu" (refinement and deliverance) process, which liberates departed souls while simultaneously purifying the practitioner. The text emphasizes "loyalty and filial piety" as foundational virtues, asserting that only those of noble character can truly comprehend its profound mysteries.

Particularly noteworthy is the concept of "feixian" (flying immortal), distinct from ordinary liberation through corpse dissolution. This represents the supreme achievement where practitioners ascend physically to celestial realms. The scripture meticulously describes practitioners undergoing trials of "three passes and nine ordeals," including specific cultivation steps like eliminating the Three Corpses (Daoist concept of three pathogenic energies within the body) and subduing the Six Thieves (sensory distractions from eyes, ears, nose, tongue, body, and mind that hinder cultivation).

卷四

Vol. 5

太上靈寳淨明飛仙度人經法卷五髪五    髙明大使神功妙濟眞君許旌陽釋 祕藏章第一 是謂無量普度無窮有祕上天文諸天共所 崇泄慢墮地獄禍及七祖翁  師曰此是元始說經不可輕易皆上天祕  寳泄慢則招禍故神仙學道以祕之今爲  収法文呪凡収祕文則以左手恰午勒入  向下念此呪則其法通靈所在神護鎭宅  安家也 著例章第二 道言此二章並是諸天上帝及至靈魔王隱 祕之音皆是大梵之言非世上常辭言無韻 麗曲無華宛故謂玄奥難可㝷詳上天所寳 祕於玄都紫微上宫依玄科四萬劫一傳若 有至人齎金寳質心依舊格告盟十天然後 而付焉 道言夫天地運度亦有否終日月五星亦有 虧盈至聖神人亦有休否末學之夫亦有疾 傷凡有此災同炁皆當齊心修齋六時行香 十徧轉經福德立降消諸不祥無量之文普 度無窮 道言夫末學道淺或仙品未𠑽運應滅度身 經太隂臨過之時同學至人爲其行香誦經 十過以度尸形如法魂神逕上南宫隨其學 功計日而得更生轉輪不滅便得神仙 道言夫天地運終亦當修齋行香誦經星宿 錯度日月失昏亦當修齋行香誦經四時失 度隂陽不調亦當修齋行香誦經國主有災 兵革四興亦當修齋行香誦經疫毒流行兆
Interpretation

This is the content of the fifth volume of The Supreme Numinous Treasure's Scripture of Pure Illumination on the Flight of Immortals and Salvation of Humanity, annotated by the Eminent Great Emissary, the True Lord of Divine Power and Wondrous Aid, Xu Xun (also known as Xu Jingyang). The scripture primarily expounds secret cultivation methods and essential techniques for saving others and benefiting the world.

The first chapter, "On Secret Treasures," emphasizes that this scripture originates from the teachings of the Celestial Worthy of Primordial Beginning (Yuanshi Tianzun, the highest deity in Daoism) and belongs to the secret treasures of heaven. Disrespecting or carelessly revealing these esoteric methods may invite calamity, even affecting one's ancestors. When receiving secret transmissions of incantations, practitioners must form the "Noon Mudra" (a Daoist hand seal) with their left hand while silently reciting specific mantras. Only then can the spiritual efficacy be activated, securing divine protection and achieving effects such as household protection and domestic peace.

The second chapter, "Illustrative Cases," explains that both chapters contain the secret words of the Heavenly Emperors and demon kings, composed in the special language of the Great Brahma Heaven, distinct from ordinary human writing. These profound scriptures are stored as treasures in the Purple Subtlety Palace of Mysterious Metropolis (Xuan Du Ziwei Gong, one of Daoism's highest celestial realms) and, according to celestial law, are transmitted only once every forty thousand kalpas. Only the most sincere individuals, who prepare gold and precious offerings in strict accordance with ancient protocols and make solemn vows to the Ten Celestial Honored Ones, are deemed worthy to receive this transmission.

The scripture points out that the operations of heaven and earth follow cyclical patterns—the sun, moon, and stars wax and wane, even sages and worthies experience periods of rest and difficulty, let alone ordinary practitioners who inevitably encounter illness, injury, or misfortune. When facing such tribulations, one should wholeheartedly practice purification rituals (zhaijiao), burning incense six times daily while reciting the scripture ten times. Through this, blessings will naturally descend, dispelling all inauspicious influences.

For those whose cultivation remains shallow or whose immortal rank is incomplete when facing death, fellow practitioners should burn incense and recite the scripture ten times on their behalf, assisting their hun and po souls to pass through the Great Yin (the postmortem realm) and ascend to the Southern Palace (Nan Gong, one of Daoism's celestial realms). Depending on their accumulated merit during life, the deceased may obtain opportunities for rebirth or direct ascension to immortality.

Finally, it stresses that during major calamities—such as the end of cosmic cycles, chaotic constellations, seasonal disruptions, yin-yang imbalances, national disasters, warfare, or epidemics—one should resolve them through rituals like purification, incense offerings, and scripture recitation. These boundless salvific scriptures possess the power to universally deliver infinite sentient beings.

民死傷亦當修齋行香誦經師友命過亦當 修齋行香誦經夫齋戒誦經功德甚重上消 天災保鎭帝王下禳毒害以度兆民生死受 頼其福難勝故曰無量普度天人 道言凡有是經能爲天地帝主兆民行是功 德有災之日發心修齋燒香誦經十過皆諸 天記名萬神侍衞右别至人剋得爲聖君金 闕之臣諸天記人功過毫分無失天中魔王 亦保舉爾身得道者乃當洞明至言也  師曰此是元始說經明其有經者可以行  事每件舉而用則表奏狀牒皆云凖經格  言遵奉天尊誨約推而行之不敢别立外  意今録一件以爲式謂如爲同學滅度誦  經修齋則其辭文云凖經格道言至便得  神仙右某伏爲甲乙云云 諸天中大梵隱語無量音 内音章第三 元始靈書中篇    東方八天 亶婁阿薈無惒觀音須延明首法攬菩曇稼 那阿奕忽訶流吟華都曲麗鮮菩育臻荅落 大梵散煙慶雲飛灑玉都明魔上門無行上 首回蹠流玄阿陁龍羅四象吁員    南方八天 南閻洞浮玉眸詵詵梵形落空九靈推前澤 各菩臺緑羅大千眇莾九醜韶遥縁邅雲上 九都飛生自騫那育郁馥摩羅法輪霐持無 鏡攬姿運容馥朗廓奕神纓自宫    西方八天 刀利禪猷婆泥咎通宛藪滌色太眇之堂流 羅梵萌景蔚蕭嵎易邈無寂宛首少都阿繿
Interpretation

The Scripture of the Supreme Numinous Treasure's Pure Brightness for the Transcendent Salvation of Humanity primarily expounds on the merits of scripture recitation and the specific methods for performing purification rituals (Zhaijiao).

When common people encounter calamities involving death or injury, they should observe purification rituals (Taoist ceremonies for purifying body and mind), burn incense, and recite scriptures. The same applies when teachers, relatives, or friends pass away. The merit of maintaining ritual purity and scripture recitation is immense: above, it can avert heavenly disasters and protect imperial rule; below, it can dispel poisons and deliver countless people from suffering. Both the living and the deceased receive its blessings—such boundless merit can universally save beings in both celestial and human realms.

The scripture clearly states: Whoever possesses this text and performs these meritorious deeds for heaven, earth, the emperor, and the people will, when disaster strikes, have their virtue recorded by celestial deities if they resolve to observe purification rituals, burn incense, and recite the scripture ten times. All divine beings will come to their protection. The most devout may ultimately become immortal officials serving sagely rulers. The heavens record human merits and faults with utmost precision—even demon kings of celestial realms will recommend diligent practitioners. Those who truly attain the Dao (the Way) will surely comprehend these supreme truths profoundly.

The Patriarch explains: This is a scripture transmitted by the Celestial Worthy of Primordial Beginning (Yuanshi Tianzun, the highest Taoist deity), indicating that its possessors may act accordingly. During each ritual, memorials must state "in accordance with the scripture's provisions," adhering to the Celestial Worthy's teachings without arbitrary alterations. Here is an example: When performing purification rituals and scripture recitation for a deceased fellow practitioner, the memorial should begin with "as the scripture states," followed by details like "so-and-so performs purification rites for such-and-such (the deceased)."

The subsequent passages contain the Great Brahma's Secret Language (celestial mantras) and the True Words of Immeasurable Sound, including esoteric chants for the eight heavens of the east, south, west, and other directions. Mantras like "Danlou Ahui Wuhe Guanyin" are sacred celestial phonemes used to disperse auspicious clouds and subdue demonic obstacles, possessing formidable spiritual power.

郁竺華莫延由九開自辨阿那品首無量扶 蓋浮羅合神玉誕長桑栢空度仙    北方八天 玃無自育九日導乾坤母東覆形攝上玄陀 羅育邈眇炁合雲飛天大醜總監上天沙陀 劫量龍漢瑛鮮碧落浮黎空歌保珍惡奕無 品洞妙自眞元梵恢漠幽寂度人  師曰天書玉字凝飛玄之炁啓運數之期  八㑹而成音五合而成章煥乎諸天曜於  太幽與龍漢赤明而倶化錬水火於五行  之終含金木於五行之始兆開三景分判  二儀立五嶽超生死而振潜伏者自然之  文也如能以每月初三日初五日初九十  五二十五日各清齋誦詠龜山丹皇飛玄  紫文以次而思存誦詠則當名書九天魔  王保舉九玄七祖皆被福䕃誦詠之妙法  詳矣今再取其便而易行使當思詠而不  忘者著于後    東方(常當叩齒九通思九色之龍居/左青雲九重覆匝身形宻呪曰) 赤明開圖九炁廻眞總綂玄關青帝大神流 化九外纒綿我身靈音八書六十四篇洞明 天地與我合仙運致龍駕上昇帝轅(畢引炁/九咽止)    南方(常當叩齒三通存朱雀鳳凰翔/于前絳雲三重覆匝身形呪曰) 三炁徘徊靈鳳來飛玉音八字煥爛紫微吉 日大慶我道洞開朱丹哺飴仰吸靈暉身生 水火絳帔羽衣登空歩虚足躡丹梯周旋八 天七祖相隨(畢引炁/三咽止)
Interpretation

This passage explains the cultivation methods from the Supreme Lingbao Jingming Scripture on the Transcendent's Method for Delivering Humanity, detailing specific rituals and incantations for attaining immortality.

The cryptic characters at the beginning are actually "celestial script jade words" (tianshu yuzi), a secret Daoist transmission representing the primordial and profound energies of heaven and earth. The scripture mentions the "Eight Heavens of the North" (a cosmological framework of eight celestial realms in Daoism), describing the universe's evolution from chaos to order, including cosmic cycles (jieyun) such as the Dragon Han and Crimson Bright eras, as well as the generative and controlling interactions of the Five Phases (Wood, Fire, Earth, Metal, Water).

The cultivation method is highly specific: On the 3rd, 5th, 9th, 15th, and 25th days of each lunar month, practitioners must observe purification and fasting while reciting the Scripture of the Purple Text of the Flying Mysterious Cinnabar Sovereign of Tortoise Mountain. Through visualization and scripture recitation, the Nine Heavens Demon Kings (guardian deities in Daoism) will recommend the practitioner, ensuring blessings for nine generations of ancestors.

The text further details practices for the eastern and southern directions:

When facing east, first knock the teeth nine times (kouchi), then visualize nine dragons of different colors coiling on the left side, surrounded by nine layers of azure clouds enveloping the body. Next, recite an incantation invoking the Great Green Thearch (the deity of the east) for protection, aligning oneself with the energies of heaven and earth to eventually ascend astride a dragon. After recitation, swallow nine mouthfuls of Qi.

When facing south, knock the teeth three times and visualize the Vermilion Bird and phoenix soaring ahead, encircled by three layers of crimson clouds. The incantation here calls upon the Three Southern Qi (energies) to empower the practitioner, enabling them to don crimson feathered robes, ascend the cinnabar ladder to heaven, and even bring seven generations of ancestors along in ascension. After recitation, swallow three mouthfuls of Qi.

These methods integrate Daoist techniques such as breath regulation (tuna), visualization (cunsi), and incantation recitation (zhouyu), aiming to resonate with cosmic energies through ritual and ultimately achieve the state of celestial ascension.

   西方(常當叩齒七通存白虎師子居/右素雲七重覆匝身形宻呪曰) 七炁金靈八天尊神白虎䇿輦獅子捧轅七 炁纒綿煉我成仙身發金光映明素靈内外 變化昇入金門七祖出夜九幽開魂三塗五 ▲長斬惡根同灌福舍受慶自然億劫開度 隨運長存(畢引炁/七咽止)    北方(常當叩齒五通思羽蓋玄式從/于後玄雲五重覆匝身形呪曰) 元天徘徊流景上清大道啓運八字開明飛 天澄空洞音日生五炁纒綿灌我身形冠帶 北單今日受煉洞靈腎府内外光精飛行三 界遊宴紫庭七祖同慶歡樂劫齡七寳林中 反胎更形長夜出離南宫紀名黄籙白簡削 死上生(畢引炁/五咽止)  師曰有能以黄繒爲地書其眞文佩帶而  常存念前章則身應玄譜九祖昇仙其佩  文之法已見於昇天劵矣今有服字等法  叙于後爲玉字章 玉字章第四  師曰靈書玉字妙體自然其炁分出於九  梵其開明見於後所以取之者有義别之  者有體是以服之者皆其炁之所受養之  以和而致仙録爰自炁出爲字字散爲符  離合出於玄微㫖義本於深奥天眞皇人  記之以爲上篆道君天尊合之以爲歌音  王母譯之以授漢武自漢武之後譯而爲  道體飛篆今載於靈寳法者皆西王母所  以示漢武之音字也若夫用之以爲篆符
Interpretation

Western Practice Method (When cultivating, knock teeth seven times, visualize a white tiger and lion guarding the right side, with seven layers of white auspicious clouds enveloping the body, silently recite the incantation): Seven golden qi (vital energies) encircle, eight celestial venerables manifest their sacred forms. The white tiger draws the chariot while the lion steers the shaft. Seven luminous energies intertwine ceaselessly, aiding my cultivation to attain immortality. My body radiates golden light, harmonizing internally and externally with white qi. Through this transformation, I ascend through the golden heavenly gate. Seven generations of ancestors are liberated from the underworld, the nine layers of hell open wide, severing the karmic roots of the Three Evil Paths (paths of fire, blood, and blades) and the Five Sufferings (birth, aging, sickness, death, etc.). Together we bathe in blessings, naturally transcending countless kalpas, eternally abiding with the turning of heaven and earth. (After reciting, draw qi seven times and swallow.)

Northern Practice Method (When cultivating, knock teeth five times, envision a black canopy following behind, with five layers of black auspicious clouds enveloping the body, silently recite the incantation): The primordial qi of the Mysterious Heaven swirls and flows, its vision reaching the highest Shangqing (Upper Clarity) paradise. The Great Dao initiates its operation, the eight sacred characters shine with radiance. Soaring immortals embody crystalline emptiness, daily generating five qi that coil and infuse the entire body. Wearing the northern single crown (Daoist ritual headgear), today I receive the cultivation that pierces through spiritual awakening. Kidneys glow with inner and outer luminosity, enabling free flight through the Three Realms (Desire Realm, Form Realm, and Formless Realm), feasting and wandering in the Purple Tenuity celestial court. Seven generations of ancestors rejoice together, enjoying prolonged immortal longevity. Within the groves of Seven Treasures (gold, silver, lapis lazuli, etc.), they undergo spiritual rebirth, forever leaving behind the long night of hell. The Southern Palace (abode of immortals) records their transcendent names, while the Yellow Register (Daoist immortal records) and White Slips (records of transgressions) erase their death records, granting them new life. (After reciting, draw qi five times and swallow.)

The Master said: If one writes these true scriptures on yellow silk and wears them while frequently reciting the preceding chapters, they will align themselves with the Mysterious Gate lineage, enabling nine generations of ancestors to ascend together as immortals. The specific methods for wearing these sacred texts are recorded in the "Ascent to Heaven Certificate." Now we shall explain the methods of ingesting talismanic characters, as documented later in the "Jade Character Chapter."

The fourth section of the "Jade Character Chapter" records: The Master explained that the wondrous essence of these spiritual jade characters (esoteric Daoist script) originates from nature itself. Their numinous qi derives from the Nine Brahma (highest celestial realm), with enlightenment manifesting in later ages. Acquiring these characters follows specific rituals, and distinguishing them requires understanding their particular forms. Thus, those who ingest these characters receive corresponding qi nourishment, achieving harmony that leads to immortal registration. These characters condense from qi into written form—when dispersed they become talismans (fulu), their transformations exquisitely subtle, their profound meaning rooted in the mysteries of heaven and earth. The Celestial Sovereign of Primordial Truth (ancient immortal) recorded these as supreme seal scripts, while Dao Lords and Celestial Venerables compiled them into hymns. The Queen Mother of the West later translated and transmitted them to Emperor Wu of Han. After Emperor Wu's era, these were rendered as "soaring seal scripts of the Dao-body"—what is now recorded in the "Lingbao Methods" are the phonetic transcriptions originally shown by the Queen Mother to Emperor Wu. As for how to employ these characters in creating talismanic seals...

 延生保命救治弭災則必取諸舊本吾今  以舊本叅於仙房者得其妙㫖而明之其  字其符其服食之日月其用度之意義庶  㡬有補於髙人玉字眞文出昇天劵中此  不復叙 眞符章第五    東方    南方    中央    西方    北方  右符爲他人則用符自服則服字訣節各  隨方取炁用之 服字章第六  師曰凡學道之士務在得其㫖得其義得  其叙何謂得其㫖見而不迷用而有應信  而行之何謂得其義所本不誤求而有理  通而悟之何謂得其叙所用有倫簡而不  繁安而習之則自然有成况有如玉之姿  如金之志勤玩味讀不爲造次之間乎今  因其日月集爲終歳之用而服字之功畢  矣兼以行遣修持服茅守中各有日子則  一歳之間不過數日兼以行之其初學壯  行致君澤民事親治家本之以行而佐之 以功輔之以神明其超脫不可勝計哉    本命日服九(計二十/八字) 明首(同本/本)飛灑(向本/命)無行(向本/命)九靈推前(向/太) (歳)澤洛菩臺(向/南)神纓自宫(向太/歳)婆泥(向本/命)易 邈無寂(向本/命)阿那品首(向本/命)    正月旦日服七(計一十/九字) 霐(向本/命)無量(向/東)玃無(向/東)自育九日(向/東)龍漢瑛
Interpretation

The Taishang Lingbao Jingming Feixian Duren Jingfa primarily expounds methods for prolonging life, warding off calamities, and resolving misfortunes through the use of talismanic incantations (fulu) and the ingestion of sacred characters (specific written symbols). The scripture states these techniques originate from ancient transmissions and have been verified as genuinely efficacious in the abodes of immortals (xianfang).

Key points regarding talismanic practice: The talismans are categorized according to five directional orientations—east, south, center, west, and north. When dispelling misfortunes for others, complete talismans are used, while personal cultivation involves ingesting the corresponding directional character formulas. Each direction requires drawing upon its associated primordial Qi (vital energy).

Concerning the practice of character ingestion, the scripture's master instructs that Daoist practitioners must grasp three essential principles:

1. Attaining the essence (dezhi): Comprehending the true meaning without confusion, ensuring efficacy in application, and cultivating sincerity in practice.

2. Attaining the principle (deyi): Establishing correct foundational theory, aligning one's aims with the Dao's principles, and achieving holistic understanding.

3. Attaining the sequence (dexu): Maintaining orderly cultivation steps—keeping methods simple yet systematic, so tranquil practice naturally leads to accomplishment.

The text particularly emphasizes that those with jade-like purity of constitution and gold-like steadfastness of will, who diligently study and internalize these teachings without haste, practicing the character ingestion method on designated days, can complete their cultivation within a year. When combined with supplementary practices—such as exorcistic rituals (xingqian), daily cultivation (xiuchi), herbal ingestion (fumao), and inner contemplation (shouzhong)—the actual number of required practice days within a year is surprisingly few.

The scripture concludes with specific character ingestion methods:

  • On one's birthdate (corresponding to the celestial stem and earthly branch), ingest nine characters (totaling twenty-eight characters).
  • On the first day of the lunar new year, ingest seven characters (totaling nineteen).

Each character must be ingested while facing prescribed directions—such as one's birth orientation, the east, or the annual Tai Sui (Jupiter) position. These characters contain potent spiritual energy; when properly ingested, they facilitate communion with cosmic forces.

鮮(向/東)惡弈(向/壬)元梵恢漠(向/東)    每月初三日服二(計四/字) 流羅(向月/建)陀羅(向月/建)    每月十五日三十日服二(計六/字) 薈無(月終/向日)宛首少都(十五日/向月)    每月弦望日服二(計六/字) 無惒觀音(向/日)緑羅(向/日)    八節日服十六(計五十/三字) 阿弈(向/北)華都曲麗(向/王)阿陀龍羅(向/王)育邈(向/王)韶 謡(向天/門)雲上九都(向玉京九/層之臺)那育郁馥(向/王)馥 朗廓弈(向/王)滌色(向/王)梵萌(向西/北)九開自辯(向/王)眇 炁合雲(向/王)總監上天(向/王)碧落浮黎(三時/向王)空歌 保珍(正中/向王)羅合神(向/王)    立冬日服三(計八/字) 摩羅(向東/北)幽寂度人(向/北)九醜(向東/北)    冬至日服一(計二/字) 流玄(向/北)    立夏日服一(計二/字) 流羅(向/北)    夏至日服一(計二/字) 運容(向/北)    立春日服三(計七/字) 梵形落空(向/東)持(向/東)咎通(向東/北)    春分日服一(計二/字) 眇莽(向/東)    立秋日服一(計二/字) 鮮菩(向/西)    秋分日服一(計二/字)
Interpretation

This scripture records the ritual practices of the Jingming (Pure Brightness) Daoist school, involving the recitation of specific incantations aligned with solar terms and lunar phases. The main contents are as follows:

On the third day of each lunar month, one must face east and recite the four-character mantra "Xian E Yi Yuan Fan Hui Mo"; on the fifteenth and thirtieth days, face the moon and chant the six-character mantra "Liu Luo Tuo Luo"; during the first quarter (7th-8th) and full moon (15th), recite the six-character mantra "Wu He Guan Yin".

During the eight major solar terms—Beginning of Spring, Spring Equinox, Beginning of Summer, Summer Solstice, Beginning of Autumn, Autumn Equinox, Beginning of Winter, and Winter Solstice—longer mantra combinations are chanted while facing specific directions. For example: face northeast during Beginning of Winter to recite the eight-character "Mo Luo You Ji Du Ren"; face north during Winter Solstice for the two-character "Liu Xuan"; face west during Beginning of Autumn for "Xian Pu".

These mantras correspond to precise celestial orientations (e.g., "facing the royal direction" indicates the Purple Tenuity Enclosure), synchronizing cultivation practice with lunar cycles and seasonal transitions. The term "fu" (服) here denotes not ingesting substances but absorbing celestial and terrestrial Qi through directional mantra practice. Each mantra combination resonates with distinct stellar energies, allowing practitioners to harmonize with cosmic forces through spatiotemporal alignment.

菩曇(向/王)    甲子日服三(計一/十字) 法攬(向/北)坤母東覆(向/北)形攝上玄(佩向/北)    戊辰戊戍日服三(計二/十字) 須延(向西/北)忽訶流冷(向西/北)荅落大梵(向西/北)    庚申甲申日服一(計二/字) 玉都(向西/北)    五月五日服七(計二十/二字) 刀魔(向/南)四象(向/北)南閻洞浮(向/南)緣遭(向/王)飛生自 騫(向/南)無鏡攬姿(向/南)刀利禪猷(向/南)    七月七日服十四(計四十/七字) 稼那(向/王)上門(向本/命)吁貟(向/南)玉眸詵詵(向太/歳) 縁遭(向/王)飛生自騫(向/南)法輪(向本/命)無鏡攬姿(向/南) 刀利禪猷(西/向)太渺之堂(向/南)扶蓋浮(向北/子時)飛天 大醜(向本/命)沙陀劫量(向/壬)無品洞妙自眞(向/南)    九月九日服六(計一十/八字) 欔無(向東/恰卯)自育九日(向東/恰辰)龍漢瑛鮮(向西恰/本師訣) 惡弈(向王/恰午)元梵恢漠(向東/恰午)導乾(向西北/恰寅)    太歳日服五(計一十/二字) 慶雲(向南/恰離)回蹠(向太歳/恰乾)大千(向太歳恰/中指中)宛藪 (向東/恰卯)景蔚蕭嵎(向本命/恰生辰)
Interpretation

This scripture records the cultivation methods of the Jingming School (an important Daoist lineage), detailing specific rituals for ingesting elixirs or practicing cultivation while facing particular directions on designated dates and hours.

On Jiazi days, one must face north (Kunmu indicates the northern direction), ingest three elixir pills while wearing specific talismanic registers (Shangxuan refers to protective charms). On Wuchen and Wuxu days, practitioners should face northwest, consume three elixir pills, and silently recite incantations including "Xuyan Huke Liu Leng Da Luo Dafan."

The fifth day of the fifth lunar month marks an important cultivation date. On this day, one faces south to ingest seven elixir pills while coordinating practice with mantras like "Daomo Sixiang Nan Yan Dongfu." The seventh day of the seventh month requires consuming fourteen elixir pills while reciting more complex incantations such as "Jiana Shangmen Xuyuan Yumou Xunxun" in various directions - "Benming" indicates the practitioner's birth direction, while "Taisui" refers to the annual governing deity's orientation.

During the Double Ninth Festival (ninth day of the ninth month), practitioners ingest six elixir pills while cultivating facing east and west, accompanied by mantras like "Quanwu Ziyu Jiuri Longhan Yingxian." On Taisui days (when the annual deity governs), one consumes five elixir pills while practicing toward the south and specific orientations.

These cultivation methods strictly follow the principle of "correspondence between heaven and humanity," achieving resonance with cosmic energies through precise coordination of timing, spatial orientation, and incantations. Here "ingesting" (fu) may refer to consuming elixirs or practicing Qi absorption (breathing exercises), "facing" (xiang) indicates the practitioner's directional orientation, and "alignment" (qia) represents exact temporal correspondence.

   行年日服一(計二/字) 上首(向地戸/恰坤)    日日誦經時服三(計一/十字) 郁竺(向東/恰艮)玉誕長桑栢空(向正/恰寅)度仙(雞鳴時/服恰寅)    有惡夢時服一(計四/字) 華莫延由(向東/恰艮)    每月十齋日服四(計九/字) 亶婁阿(向王恰/本師訣)育臻(向王恰/生炁)散煙(向本命/恰本命)阿 繿(向北/恰子)  自本命日起至此計二百七十七字 字訣章第七  師曰梵炁開明各因所出而制字隨所冝  而受持或削名於死籍而注南昌或明妙  法之宗而求玄奥莫不遂其所欲大哉自  然之化離合叅同散殊無方義歸一體譬  之江河昭然可考也 亶婁阿  出於玄都長樓之上主以正天地之度萬  神朝已(恰本/師訣) 薈無  出於南軒之上主空無之中自然成眞服  之神貟平生(恰/寅) 惒觀音  書日月之門主開長夜之身有光明面有  金色生死受度(恰日/君訣) 須延  出於天西北玉闕主天地劫數服之得隨  運生死位齊飛天(恰/乾) 明首  出於天三界之門主始開之分度服之地  官削死三界保仙(恰/乾) 法攬  出於紫微上館主罪福之塲服之三官削  死罪簿消名(恰/子) 菩曇  出於北元玄斗之中主服之則玄斗記名
Interpretation

This scripture primarily elucidates a cultivation method called "character ingestion" (fuzi), which involves reciting specific mystical characters (known as "character formulas") to achieve spiritual refinement. Each character formula possesses its own origin, efficacy, and corresponding cultivation direction.

The specific method of character ingestion involves daily consumption of a prescribed number of character formulas (e.g., "one character per year on designated days"), performed at specific times (such as the hour of the rooster's crow) and orientations (facing east, north, etc.). Special circumstances, like experiencing nightmares, require the ingestion of particular character formulas (the four characters "Hua Mo Yan You"). On monthly purification days, nine designated character formulas must be ingested.

The text then details the origins and functions of seven key character formulas:

"Dan Lou A" originates from the Mystic Metropolis's Long Tower. It rectifies the order of heaven and earth, compelling ten thousand spirits to pay homage. Its use requires coordination with the master's hand seal.

"Hui Wu" stems from the Southern Pavilion. It enables spontaneous realization within emptiness, preserving one's spirit and Qi (vital energy) when ingested, and should be practiced during the hour of Yin (3–5 AM).

"He Guan Yin" is inscribed upon the Gates of the Sun and Moon. It illuminates the long night, causing the cultivator's countenance to glow, transcending life and death. It must be paired with the Sun Lord's hand seal.

"Xu Yan" emerges from the northwestern Celestial Portal. It aids in traversing cosmic calamities, aligning with the cycles of life and death, ultimately enabling ascension to immortality. It corresponds to the Qian (Heaven) position.

"Ming Shou" arises from the Gates of the Three Realms. It liberates one from the cycle of life and death across the Three Realms and erases one's name from the underworld registers, also aligning with the Qian position.

"Fa Lan" originates from the Purple Tenuity's Upper Hall. It expunges karmic transgressions, removing one's name from the registers of the Three Officials, and aligns with the Zi (North) position.

"Pu Tan" comes from within the Northern Dipper. Ingestion ensures one's name is recorded in the Mystic Dipper (Ursa Major).

Though these character formulas differ in origin and function, they all stem from the transformations of nature—just as rivers may diverge but ultimately return to the sea, they converge upon the same cultivation goal. The scripture emphasizes that through proper use of these character formulas, one may erase the registers of death, comprehend profound methods, and attain mystical realms.

 佩之則九幽罷對(恰本/師訣) 稼那  出於金華之上宫主生死圖録服之則九  府削罪玄都記生(恰/午) 阿弈  出於玉京七寳玄臺主萬仙朝禮之儀服  之神眞來朝已形生死逍遥(恰紫/庭) 忽訶  題九靈之館主天地大期服之能愈大疾  (恰/戍) 流吟  出於北元玄關主天地之炁服之凡大災  皆過度(恰/辰) 華都曲麗  出於太極上宫青華之闕主衆眞玉女誦  詠服之玉女遊戲其房(向王恰/生炁) 鮮菩  出於洞元之臺主天慶㑹存白雲白日面  有玉光神仙變通(恰春/寅) 育臻  出於洞靈上館主御帝君遊觀八極制天  魔王服之則生死同昇遊觀八極(恰生/炁) 荅落大梵  出於三便之門主天元數之炁開大有之  關通龍漢之眞服之生死皆度消陽九百  六之災(恰/乾) 散煙  出融生之臺是南極上元之遊臺主眞人  玉女服之玉女下降(恰本/命) 慶雲  出紫陽館主靈風之炁起慶雲之輪服之  生玉光有自然之香(恰/離) 飛灑  出玄都玉闕主飛天開大有之光服之生  死皆與飛天齊功不經地獄(恰/乾) 玉都  出紫微臺主開九幽長夜之魂服之七祖  皆仙上登朱陵(恰/乾) 明魔  出北靈館主開八書於空洞制萬魔於帝
Interpretation

This scripture records twelve Daoist spiritual talismans (fulu) such as "Jiana" and "Ayi," each originating from different celestial palaces and possessing distinct divine powers:

The "Jiana" talisman comes from the Upper Palace of Golden Splendor, governing the registers of life and death. Wearing it can absolve sins from the Ninefold Netherworld and record rebirth in the Mystic Metropolis (Xuandu, a Daoist paradise). The "Ayi" talisman originates from the Jade Capital's Seven Treasures Mystic Terrace, overseeing the ceremonies for myriad immortals' homage. Consuming it invites true deities to pay respects, enabling transcendence beyond the cycle of life and death.

The "Huhe" talisman is inscribed in the Nine Numinous Immortal Hall, capable of dissolving cosmic calamities and curing severe illnesses. The "Liuyin" talisman comes from the Mystic Pass of Northern Primordiality (the entrance to the northern immortal realm), controlling the primordial qi of heaven and earth. Wearers can survive great disasters. The "Huadu Quli" talisman originates from the Azure Splendor Tower in the Supreme Ultimate's Upper Palace, summoning celestial maidens to chant scriptures alongside the practitioner.

The "Xianpu" talisman comes from the Grotto Primordial Immortal Terrace, presiding over celestial celebrations. Visualizing it reveals white clouds and radiant daylight, with jade light manifesting on one's face. The "Yuzhen" talisman from the Grotto Numinous Upper Hall allows one to tour the eight directions with the Celestial Emperor, subduing demonic forces. Those who ingest it may journey alongside the Celestial Emperor.

The "Daluo Dafan" talisman originates from the Gate of Threefold Convenience, governing the celestial cycles of fortune. It opens the Great Abundance Pass (a crucial celestial gateway), delivers beings across life and death, and averts the disasters of Yang-Nine and Hundred-Six (major calamities in Daoist cosmology). The "Sanyan" talisman from the Southern Pole's Upper Primordiality's Rong Sheng Terrace, when worn, attracts descending celestial maidens as companions.

The "Qingyun" talisman comes from the Purple Yang Hall, summoning numinous winds and auspicious clouds. Consuming it makes the body emit jade light and extraordinary fragrance. The "Feisa" talisman from the Mystic Metropolis' Jade Tower aids ascension to immortality, preventing descent into hell. The "Yudu" talisman originates from the Purple Tenuity Terrace, redeeming souls from the Ninefold Netherworld and elevating seven generations of ancestors to immortality. The "Mingmo" talisman from the Northern Numinous Hall decipheres demonic texts and subdues ten thousand demons.

These talismans must be used in conjunction with specific temporal cycles (e.g., Qia Ben or Qia Wu hours) and spatial orientations (e.g., Qian or Li positions of the Eight Trigrams), reflecting Daoism's profound integration of talismanic practice with cosmic time and space.

 庭服之召集群靈攝伏百魅(恰/離) 上門  出北極主生死善惡服之百日北帝削死  録南宫上生籍生死受仙(恰本/命) 無行  出元始玄臺主天地開閉服之制身神運  生死(恰本/命) 上首  出北上玄闕之門主運度之炁服之制神  炁精與運生死長居南宫(恰/坤) 回蹠  出天門主玉篇眞文隱明之運開生死之  期服之五臓出光萬神並煉生死成仙(恰/乾) 流玄  出九夜之臺主死魂歸靈受生還人服之  九祖皆離幽夜上昇南宫(恰/坤) 阿陀龍羅  出龍山九折之河主帝君遊觀俯仰之儀  服之帝君下降上眞來迎(恰旺方/生炁) 四象  出北斗玄臺主死生命籍服之北斗削落  死籍度生南宫(恰/子) 吁員  出南斗長生宫主死魂度入南宫制受煉  之神服之南斗拔取神魂受煉更主體入  自然(恰/子) 南閻洞浮  出洞陽之館主受煉之因服之身神澄正  内外光明(恰本/命) 玉眸說詵  出南極上宫主受煉之名服之五内結仙  項生圓象(恰/寅) 梵形落空  出玉京山玄臺主天兀開運服之萬神具  形變化群方(恰/寅) 九靈推前  出南極上元宫主生死功過服之南宫開  生放九幽長夜之魂(恰/寅) 凙𠗂菩臺
Interpretation

This scripture records twelve secret talismans (fulu) and their efficacies from the Lingbao School's cultivation methods, a major Daoist tradition. Each talisman originates from a specific sacred location and possesses distinct divine powers:

The first, the "Upper Gate Talisman," comes from the North Pole celestial domain. Worn for a hundred days, it can petition the Northern Emperor (Great Emperor of Purple Subtlety at the Pole) to erase one's death registry, enroll the practitioner in the Southern Palace (abode of immortals), and transcend the cycle of life and death.

The second, the "Formless Action Talisman," originates from the Mystic Platform of the Celestial Worthy of Primordial Beginning (Yuanshi Tianzun). It controls the opening and closing of heaven and earth, allowing cultivators to master the movement of their own spiritual energies (shen) and govern life and death.

The third, the "Supreme Head Talisman," derives from the Dark Gate of the Northern Mystic Tower. It regulates the vital rhythms (qi) of cosmic operation, synchronizing the practitioner's spirit (shen) with heaven and earth, ultimately enabling eternal residence in the Southern Palace's immortal realm.

The fourth, the "Returning Steps Talisman," emerges from the Celestial Gate, concealing the esoteric truths of the Jade Scripts. Cultivation with it causes the five viscera to radiate light and refines the ten thousand spirits (shen), directly achieving the immortal path.

The fifth, the "Flowing Mystery Talisman," hails from the Ninefold Nether Platform, specifically for liberating deceased souls to be reborn. It enables nine generations of ancestors to escape the underworld and ascend to the Southern Palace.

The sixth, the "Atuo Longluo Talisman," originates from the Nine-Bend Dragon Mountain River, used in rituals to welcome the Celestial Emperor. Practitioners may receive visits from imperial lords and guidance from true immortals.

The seventh, the "Four Symbols Talisman," comes from the Mystic Platform of the Northern Dipper. It alters the Registers of Life and Death, prompting the Dipper Lords to expunge death records and deliver the practitioner to the Southern Palace's eternal life.

The eighth, the "Xu Yuan Talisman," derives from the Southern Dipper's Palace of Longevity, designed to refine and liberate deceased souls. It enables spirits (shen) to be purified and reborn anew.

The ninth, the "Southern Flame Cavern-Float Talisman," emerges from the Cavern Solar Immortal Lodge. Cultivation with it clarifies body and mind, creating luminous transparency within and without.

The tenth, the "Jade Eyes Expounding Truth Talisman," originates from the Southern Pole's Immortal Palace. Practitioners form immortal embryos within their five viscera, with circular halos manifesting above their heads.

The eleventh, the "Brahmic Form Dissolving Void Talisman," comes from Mount Jade Capital (Daoism's highest paradise), capable of materializing the ten thousand spirits (shen) and infinite transformations.

The twelfth, the "Nine Numinous Advancing Talisman," derives from the Southern Pole's Upper Origin Palace. Based on karmic merit, it liberates souls from the Ninefold Nether Hells.

The notations like "Qia/Li" following each talisman indicate secret directional and temporal correspondences—unique cultivation essentials in Daoist talismanic practice. These methods embody the Daoist belief in using fulu to commune with the sacred and master yin-yang dynamics.

 出天西南龍澤主開明日月服之得過陽  九之災(恰/離) 緑羅  出日月上館主三光分度服之身有光明  生死不滯(恰/辰) 大千  出玄關之上主四方無極分度之期服之  得周旋無極世界不拘五苦之難(恰中/指中) ▲莽  出紫微上宫主天文開明服之得度朱陵  受號爲仙(恰/寅) 九醜  出北帝寒靈之窓主魔精服之萬鬼潜伏  (恰/艮) 韶謡  出三便之門主雲中謡歌之鬼服之萬魔  降伏(恰/卯) 縁邅  出南北二斗之門主生死功過服之北斗  削咎南斗書仙(恰王/生炁) 雲上九都  出玉京九層之臺主飛天眞人朝眞之禮  服之成仙(恰本命/生炁) 飛生自騫  出洞陽上館主諸學者受度之品服之則  魂神受鍊(恰/寅) 那  出天關之上主四時之炁服之形神安災  障不干(恰生/炁) 育郁馥  出玄關之中主衆眞朝宴之儀服之萬神  朝禮(恰生/炁) 摩羅  出金闕北壁主學者應度制伏天魔服之  萬魔伏降(恰/艮) 法輪  出三便之門主應度之人服之名上南宫  九祖受鍊(恰本命/生炁) 霐  出紫微之宫主領萬神服之萬神侍衞威  制十方(恰/寅) 持  出東華宫主制神龍典儀服之神龍爲使  (恰/辰)
Interpretation

This scripture records twelve mystical talismans (fulu) used in Daoist cultivation, each with distinct origins, functions, and prescribed timing for application:

The first is called "Green Silk" (Lüluo), originating from the Dragon Marsh in the celestial southwest, governing the opening of sun and moon. Practitioners who ingest this talisman can avert the calamities of the Nine Yangs, ideally used during the "Qiali" hour.

The second, "Great Cosmos" (Daqian), emerges from the Celestial Pavilion above the sun and moon, overseeing the movements of the Three Luminaries (sun, moon, and stars). Upon ingestion, the body emits radiant light, transcending the bonds of life and death, best employed at the "Qichen" hour.

The third, "Vastness" (Mang), hails from the Purple Tenuity Upper Palace (one of Daoism's highest celestial realms), presiding over astronomical calculations. Those who ingest it may ascend as immortals, attaining a position in the Vermilion Ling Immortal Palace, ideally used at the "Qiyin" hour.

The fourth, "Nine Ugliness" (Jiuchou), originates from the Northern Emperor's Frost Spirit Window, specifically subduing demons and malevolent spirits. After ingestion, all ghosts will cower and dare not cause disturbances, suitable for the "Qigen" hour.

The fifth, "Melodious Ballad" (Shaoyao), comes from the Gate of Three Conveniences, capable of pacifying ghostly ballads that haunt the clouds, ideally used at the "Qimao" hour.

The sixth, "Cycle of Fate" (Yuanzhan), emerges from the Gates of the Northern and Southern Dipper Lords, governing merits, faults, and the cycle of life and death. Ingestion leads to the Northern Dipper erasing sins and the Southern Dipper recording one's name in the immortal register, best used when the vital energy (qi) is flourishing.

The seventh, "Nine Capitals Above Clouds" (Yunshang Jiudu), originates from the Jade Capital's nine-tiered terrace (the abode of the Celestial Worthy of Primordial Beginning), overseeing the ceremonial protocols of flying immortals. Ingestion enables ascension to immortality, ideally used during one's birth year when qi is abundant.

The eighth, "Flight of the Self-Soaring" (Feisheng Zi Qian), comes from the Upper Lodge of Cave Yang, aiding practitioners in receiving deliverance. After ingestion, the soul and spirit are refined, suitable for the "Qiyin" hour.

The ninth, "That" (Na), resides above the Celestial Pass, harmonizing the qi of the four seasons. Ingestion brings peace to body and mind, warding off disasters, ideally used when qi is flourishing.

The tenth, "Nurturing Luxuriance" (Yuyu Fu), emerges from within the Mysterious Pass, presiding over the banquets and rituals of immortals. After ingestion, all divine beings will come to pay homage, best used when qi is abundant.

The eleventh, "Mara" (Moluo), originates from the northern wall of the Golden Tower, assisting practitioners in subduing celestial demons, suitable for the "Qigen" hour.

The twelfth, "Dharma Wheel" (Falun), also comes from the Gate of Three Conveniences, aiding those destined for deliverance. Ingestion ensures one's name is recorded in the Southern Palace's immortal register, with nine generations of ancestors receiving salvation, ideally used during one's birth year when qi is flourishing.

Each talisman corresponds to specific celestial origins, divine functions, and cultivation effects, requiring strict adherence to the designated timing and conditions for use.

無鏡攬姿  出三便之門主生死圖録服之北帝削死  三界度仙(恰/寅) 運容  出南宫主五炁鍊度儀典服之面有玉光  萬神安鎭(恰/離) 馥朗廓弈  出玉京山七寳臺主諸天眞人遊行服之  修齋衆眞下降(恰中/指中) 神纓自宫  出太微上館主洗鍊神舍服之百靈混合  身體光明已身常居絳府(恰/離) 刀利禪猷  出南極玄窓之上主得道之人受鍊品目  服之身胃納律萬靈鎭體(恰/▲) 婆泥  出南極洞陽之館主得道之人受鍊加進  仙品服之三官削咎南極登名(恰/離) 咎通  出南上北窻主制萬魔服之鬼精滅爽神  眞總歸身飛太清(恰/艮) 宛藪  書金闕主諸塵穢之炁服之萬穢蕩清(恰/卯) 滌色  出眞房主諸飛仙道人服之蕩穢清神祥  光自生(恰/寅) 大眇之堂  出南宫福堂主品秩服之九靈記福生死  受天厨(恰/寅) 流羅  出月宫主天王遊宴服之面貌有光金容  玉質(恰日/君) 梵萌  出玄都紫房主天地劫㑹服之過陽九之  災(恰/乾) 景蔚蕭嵎  出玉京玄臺主生死録服之三官除罪籍  南宫記仙名(恰生/辰) 易邈無寂  出未陵之闕主生死開度服之蒙解釋九  幽削愆(恰/寅) 宛首少都
Interpretation

This scripture describes various mystical talismanic characters (known as "qia" or "qia-zi") used in Daoist cultivation and their efficacies. Each talisman has specific origins and functions, primarily employed for achieving immortality, dispelling calamities, and purifying body and mind.

The "Wujing Lanzi" talisman originates from the Three Conveniences Gate, governing the records of the cycle of life and death. When ingested by practitioners, the Northern Emperor (an important Daoist deity overseeing the underworld) erases their death registry. This talisman assists in transcending the Three Realms (Desire Realm, Form Realm, and Formless Realm) to attain the Dao of immortality.

The "Yunrong" talisman comes from the Southern Palace (one of the Daoist celestial realms), presiding over cultivation rituals of the Five Phases' Qi. After ingestion, jade light manifests on the face, pacifying and stabilizing the myriad spirits. The "Fulang Kuoyi" talisman originates from the Seven Treasures Terrace of Mount Yujing (the highest Daoist celestial realm), governing the celestial wanderings of the Zhenren (high-ranking immortals). Practitioners who ingest it receive assistance from numerous Zhenren during purification rituals.

The "Shenying Zigong" talisman comes from the Supreme Subtlety Upper Hall, responsible for purifying the Divine Abode (the practitioner's inner space). Ingestion enables fusion with hundreds of spiritual energies, causing the body to radiate light while abiding in the Crimson Mansion (residence of the heart-mind). The "Daoli Chanyou" talisman originates from the Mysterious Window at the southern polar heights, governing the cultivation grades of Dao attainers. After ingestion, one's body can contain the patterns of heaven and earth, with myriad spirits offering protection.

The "Poni" talisman comes from the Southern Polar Cavern Yang Hall, overseeing the promotion of cultivators' ranks. Ingestion prompts the Three Officials (Celestial, Earthly, and Water Officials) to erase transgressions while registering the name in the Southern Polar immortal records. The "Jiu Tong" talisman originates from the Southern Upper Northern Window, specializing in subduing ten thousand demons. After consumption, it eliminates ghostly and evil Qi, returning the spirit to the Great Clarity (highest celestial realm).

The "Wansou" talisman is inscribed in the Golden Tower (celestial palace), capable of purifying all turbid energies. The "Dise" talisman comes from the True Chamber, used by flying immortals and Dao practitioners to cleanse defilements, clarify the spirit, and naturally generate auspicious radiance.

The "Damiao Zhi Tang" talisman originates from the Southern Palace's Hall of Blessings, governing immortal rank classifications. After ingestion, the Nine Spirits (celestial deities) record one's merits, allowing enjoyment of celestial feasts (heavenly nourishment) in both life and death. The "Liuluo" talisman comes from the Moon Palace, overseeing celestial kings' recreational banquets. Ingestion makes one's countenance glow like gold and jade.

The "Fanmeng" talisman originates from the Mysterious Metropolis Purple Chamber (important Daoist site), presiding over cosmic calamities. Ingestion enables passage through the Yang-Nine disasters (great tribulations). The "Jingwei Xiaoyu" talisman comes from the Jade Capital Mysterious Terrace, managing life-death records. After consumption, the Three Officials erase criminal registries while the Southern Palace enrolls the immortal name.

The "Yimiao Wuji" talisman originates from the Weiling Tower, specializing in liberation from life-death cycles. Ingestion delivers one from the sufferings of the Nine Darknesses (hell realms) while eliminating transgressions. The incomplete "Wanshou Shaodu" talisman appears to be another cultivation talisman with special functions.

 出日宫主得度之人服之則日童下降面  生光彩㓕度則受錬(恰日/君) 阿繿  出玄都長樓王兆天中之魔服之萬邪不  干眞靈即降(恰/子) 郁竺  出三便之門主制天中之魔服之心神澄  正誦詠朗徹上天遥唱(恰/艮) 華莫延由  出北靈上館主治萬鬼之牢服之群魔束  形精怪自滅三宫明檢鬼營(恰/艮) 九開自辯  書玉闕九天之上主四時之炁服之四時  俱生旺不患時疾(恰/寅) 阿那品首  出明眞之堂主滅度之籍服之九幽録福  及先(恰/寅) 無量  出紫微北軒之上主得道者昇品服之東  華記名(恰/寅) 扶蓋浮  出南陽之臺主校幽録服之北都削對南  宫記名九祖超度(恰/乾) 羅合神  書大羅始陽之臺主上品之人得度服之  九祖超脫身得神仙(恰/乾) 玉誕長桑栢空  書東華青林之樹主天中自然之音服之  聲叅太極炁入神宵(恰/寅) 度仙  出玄都玉臺主眞人服御服之面有玉光  九祖同慶(恰/寅) 玃無  出玄都長臺之上主天地開閉自然之眞  服之則隨輪運轉不失本形(恰/卯) 自育九日  出神樓之上主天地劫㑹服之滅度得受  太和之炁而入眞(恰/辰) 導乾  亦出主一同服之與九祖同昇(恰/寅)
Interpretation

This scripture records the efficacy of various talismans (fulu) in the Lingbao School (a branch of the Shangqing tradition) of Daoist cultivation. Each talisman possesses a distinct origin and function—when ingested by practitioners, they receive corresponding divine protection.

The talisman from the Palace of the Sun bestows radiant complexion upon the cultivator, granting guardianship from the Sun Attendants (servants of the Solar Deity) and aiding liberation from samsara. The talisman of Mysterious Metropolis' Long Tower wards off all evil influences, allowing the True Spirit (primordial shen) to manifest naturally. The talisman of the Threefold Gate subdues celestial demons, clarifies the mind, and ensures recitations of scriptures reach the heavenly realms directly.

The talisman of Northern Numen's Upper Pavilion specializes in suppressing ghosts and demons, forcing them to reveal their forms before dissolution, while simultaneously illuminating the three Dantian (upper, middle, and lower energy centers) within the body. The talisman of the Nine Heavens' Jade Tower harmonizes the Qi of the four seasons, protecting against seasonal ailments. The talisman of the Hall of Luminous Truth erases underworld records and blesses nine generations of ancestors.

The talisman of Purple Tenuity's Northern Pavilion elevates immortal ranks, securing the practitioner's name in the Eastern Florescence Emperor's registry. The talisman of the Southern Sun Terrace modifies underworld records to redeem ancestors across nine generations. The talisman of the Great Canopy's Primordial Sun Terrace enables both cultivator and ancestors to achieve transcendence together in the immortal path.

The talisman of Eastern Florescence's Verdant Forest allows one's voice to resonate with the Great Void, with breath reaching the Divine Empyrean Heaven. The talisman of Mysterious Metropolis' Jade Terrace makes the cultivator's face glow with jade light, blessing their lineage. The talisman of Mysterious Metropolis' Long Tower preserves the True Form eternally, moving in harmony with heaven and earth. The talisman from the Divine Tower helps practitioners survive cosmic calamities, attaining the Great Harmony's Primordial Qi (pristine yang energy) to achieve genuine immortality.

Each talisman corresponds to specific earthly branch hours (indicated in parentheses) for ingestion, forming a complete cultivation system that delivers salvation to both the living and the deceased—embodying the Daoist ideal of "self-liberation while liberating others."

坤母  出扶桑司靈館并 東覆  出東井華林並主洪水四出盈縮之度服  之水行不傷神龍護度(恰/子) 形攝上玄  出太極宫中主大水佩之亦可止水朱書  佩(恰/子) 陀羅  出月上之館主明天地之隂陽服之身有  光明照見五内(恰月/君) 育邈  出三便之門主死生之籍服之則度大災  㑹位爲仙王(恰本/生炁) 眇炁合雲  出紫㣲雲宫主生死服之生死得詣朱陵  (恰生/炁) 飛天  出玉臺之上主空洞自然服之身與四時  節候相應誦經上達(恰本/師訣) 大醜  出三便之門主生死圖録服之生死得道  魔王保舉(恰本師/所屬) 總監上天  出紫微長樓主總監諸天之炁服之七祖  昇超(恰/寅) 沙陀劫量  出紫微上宫主功德事服之三界書其功  上朱陵之府(恰生/炁) 龍漢瑛鮮  出玄斗之中主度得道之身服之九幽之  魂昇之無極(恰本/師訣) 碧落浮黎  出玉清雲宫主衆眞之儀服之萬神朝已  (恰中/指中) 空歌保珍  出紫微上宫主自歌音服之則能知諸天  之音也(恰/酉) 惡弈  出紫微太虚之館主度得仙之人服之朱  宫書名飛天同功(恰/午) 無品洞妙自眞  出南陽上宫紫軒主勲服之識前身生死
Interpretation

This scripture documents twelve mystical talismanic seals (Fulu) from the Lingbao tradition (one of Daoism's major schools), each possessing distinct divine origins and special powers:

The first seal, "Mother Kun," originates from Fusang Silin Hall (the celestial palace at the legendary sunrise location). It controls floodwaters, protects wearers from aquatic disasters, and grants the guardianship of divine dragons.

The second seal, "Tuoluo," emerges from the lunar palaces. It confers understanding of cosmic Yin-Yang principles, causing the wearer's body to emit light that illuminates their internal organs.

The third seal, "Yumiao," comes from the Three Passages Gate (a Daoist threshold of rebirth cycles). Governing the registers of life and death, it enables wearers to survive great calamities and ultimately attain immortal kingship.

The fourth seal, "Miaoqi Heyun," originates from the Purple Tenuity Cloud Palace (a celestial administrative center). It oversees mortal transitions, guiding wearers' posthumous journey to the Vermilion Palace (a Daoist paradise).

The fifth seal, "Flying Celestial," descends from the Jade Terrace. Embodying the Dao of spontaneous emptiness, it synchronizes the wearer's body with seasonal cycles and ensures their scriptures reach celestial ears directly.

The sixth seal, "Great Chou," also emerges from the Three Passages Gate. Controlling life-death charts, it guarantees posthumous transcendence with demon kings recommending the wearer for immortal status.

The seventh seal, "Supreme Celestial Overseer," comes from Purple Tenuity's Tower. Commanding celestial Qi, it elevates seven generations of the wearer's ancestors.

The eighth seal, "Shatuo Kalpa Measure," originates from Upper Purple Tenuity Palace. Recording virtuous deeds, it registers wearers' merits throughout the Three Realms for direct admission to Vermilion Paradise.

The ninth seal, "Dragon Han Lustrous Purity," stems from the Northern Dipper. Liberating perfected beings, it enables wearers to elevate souls from the Nine Nether Hells to the Limitless Realm.

The tenth seal, "Azure Void Fuli," emerges from Jade Clarity Cloud Palace (a supreme heaven). Governing immortal protocols, it draws myriad deities to pay homage to the wearer.

The eleventh seal, "Ethereal Song Treasured Jewel," comes from Upper Purple Tenuity Palace. Connected to celestial music, it grants understanding of heavenly melodies.

The twelfth seal, "Eyi," originates from Purple Tenuity's Supreme Void Pavilion. Specializing in immortal ascension, it registers wearers' names in Vermilion Records, equating their merit with flying celestials.

The final mentioned "Non-Ranked Cavernous Marvel Self-Perfected" seal comes from Nanyang's Upper Palace Purple Gallery. It reveals wearers' past and present life experiences.

 超度(恰/午) 元梵恢漠  出玉清上宫太極之臺主虚無自然生眞  識知微之㡬服之則慧智(恰/午) 幽寂度人  出北闕玄牝之戸主六府受眞體生光明  服之則上遊大羅(恰/乾) 自然章第八  師曰道之爲妙大無不包小無或遺以文  縱橫倒直或離或散無不當其用元始中  篇玉字出乎大梵之炁分之而爲字合之  而爲聲妙之而爲符約之而爲呪於西漢  靈寳之書則有飛篆散殊之體皆因經言  所以濟用吾今飛仙度人之法本於舊載  叅於仙房以增以除以證靈寳之法貫通  不遺今略取靈寳一二所載以辨其爲同  一者五帝大魔本以薦幽滯而靈寳則爲  破壇伐廟治狂邪武勇之神可召而任以  護助微劣法子流浪之義  二者東方八天本以四篇皆爲昇天劵而  靈寳止取一天者取東方生炁也  三者南方八天本止可以祈晴於至陽之  地而靈寳又以祈雨用之又以持字爲使  龍之符也  四者華莫延由本治惡夢而靈寳取以止  盗鬼賊與之爲性一也  五者形攝上玄本禁水之符也而靈寳取  以止怪獸與水怪皆隂類也  六者總監上天本主炁之字也而靈寳取  以止怪飬子難以貼於堂奥來生炁也  凡六者皆靈寳法與度人有異處求其離  合之自然則一也 復命章第九
Interpretation

This scripture expounds the cultivation methods and salvation practices of the Lingbao (Numinous Treasure) school, one of Daoism's major traditions. The opening term "salvation rituals" refers to ceremonies for liberating departed souls from suffering, while "primordial vastness in boundless silence" describes the chaotic state of the universe's inception.

The text depicts two mystical cultivation sites: The first is the Supreme Ultimate Platform in the Jade Clarity Upper Palace (one of the Three Pure Realms), which governs the truth of spontaneous naturalness. Here practitioners comprehend subtle mysteries, and through specific methods attain wisdom. The second is the Northern Portal of the Mysterious Feminine (symbolizing the gateway of life's origin), governing the six viscera (a TCM concept). Practitioners here acquire true Qi (primordial energy), generating inner radiance, with corresponding methods enabling ascension to the Great Canopy Heaven (highest celestial realm).

Chapter Eight, "Natural Revelation," explains the profundity of Lingbao rituals: The Dao encompasses all things without exception, from the vast to the minute. The sacred Jade Characters transmitted by Celestial Worthy of Primordial Beginning (supreme deity) originate from Great Brahma's Qi—they can be decomposed into written forms, combined into sounds, and transformed into talismans. The author clarifies that the "flying immortals' salvation" method being taught represents a perfected synthesis building upon traditional Lingbao scriptures.

The text enumerates six distinctive applications of Lingbao techniques:

1. The Five Thearchs' Great Demon-subduing method, originally for soul salvation, is also used to dismantle heterodox shrines, cure madness, and summon martial deities as protectors;

2. While the Eight Heavens of the East originally contained four ascension credentials, Lingbao practitioners exclusively use the eastern chapter representing vital energy;

3. The Eight Heavens of the South, initially for clear-weather prayers, additionally serve for rain summoning and as dragon-commanding talismans;

4. Huamoyan formulas, originally for nightmare treatment, are extended to theft prevention;

5. Xingsheshangxuan, originally a flood-control talisman, is adapted for subduing monstrous creatures (both relating to yin energies);

6. Zongjianshangtian texts, originally for Qi regulation, become household protection and pregnancy stabilization charms (both activating vital energy).

Though Chapter Nine, "Return to Destiny," remains undeveloped, Daoist terminology suggests it concerns the cultivation state of returning to primordial origins. While these methods differ superficially from conventional salvation techniques, they fundamentally align with the Dao's natural order.

道言此諸天中大梵隱語無量之音舊文字 皆廣長一丈天眞皇人昔書其文以爲正音 有知其音能齋而誦之者諸天皆遣飛天神 王下觀其身書其功勤上奏諸天萬神朝禮 地祇侍門大勲魔王保舉上仙道備尅得遊 行三界昇入金門  師曰此乃本經叙書所出之因也如能觀 此而悟則勉而不忘也 此音無所不辟無所不禳無所不度無所不 成天眞自然之音也故誦之致飛天下觀上 帝遥唱萬神朝禮三界侍軒群妖束首鬼精 自亡琳琅振響十方肅清河海靜黙山嶽吞 煙萬靈振伏招集群仙天無氛穢地無妖塵 㝠慧洞清大量玄玄也  師曰此乃誦洞章法也夫存思之道貴乎  絶念誠知天中自然之音能使飛天下觀  則必以眞而應則不妄觀唯知琳琅振響  而誦詠味之十方肅清無外濁也河海靜  黙無妄動也山嶽吞煙無妄泄也萬靈振  伏無妄害也招集群仙無妄專也如此則  大地性心廓然而已所以能㝠慧洞清大  量玄玄也 太上靈
Interpretation

This scripture passage expounds on a sacred language called the "Great Brahma Hidden Words" from the Supreme Lingbao Pure Illumination Scripture on the Method for Immortals to Save Humanity. This celestial language serves as the universal sound of the heavenly realms, with each character measuring ten feet in length. It was originally transcribed and standardized in pronunciation by the Celestial True Sovereign (a high-ranking immortal in Daoism).

The text explains that if practitioners can master these pronunciations while maintaining purification fasts (Zhaijiao, the preparatory ritual of bodily and mental purification) and recite them with sincere devotion, the heavens will dispatch Flying Celestial Kings to examine them. These divine kings will record the practitioner's virtuous deeds (De) and report them to the celestial courts. At this stage, all deities will come to pay homage, earth spirits (local deities) will reverently guard the gates, and even the Great Demon Kings will recommend the practitioner for immortal ascension. Those who perfect this practice may freely traverse the Three Realms (Desire Realm, Form Realm, and Formless Realm), ultimately soaring through the Golden Gate (portal to the heavens).

The scripture emphasizes this language's miraculous power: it can expel all evil influences, resolve every calamity, liberate wandering souls, and accomplish all virtuous merits. As the purest natural sound of the heavens, its recitation summons flying celestials, draws praise from the Jade Emperor in distant realms, and commands homage from ten thousand deities. All beings across the Three Realms stand in reverent attendance, while demons surrender and malevolent spirits dissolve spontaneously. Like the pure tone of jade striking jade, it brings tranquility to the ten directions—calming rivers and seas without waves, making mountains withdraw their mists, compelling all spirits to obey, and gathering immortals at one's call. In this state, the skies become free of turbidity, the earth devoid of baleful auras, while wisdom penetrates all things, revealing the most profound and unfathomable mysteries.

The essence of cultivation lies in mental purity. Practitioners must understand that these celestial sounds summon the Flying Celestial Kings only when matched with absolute sincerity, without the slightest deluded thought. Just as one focuses intently when hearing pure jade tones, proper recitation brings ten-direction purity by eliminating external distractions; it calms rivers and seas by stilling restless impulses; makes mountains conceal their mists by preserving vital essence (Jing); tames all spirits to prevent harm; and gathers immortals without selfish motives. Thus, heaven and earth merge completely with the practitioner's purified mind, achieving a state of luminous wisdom and boundless mystery.

寳淨明飛仙度人經法卷五

Source text: Kanripo 漢籍リポジトリ(KR5b0268); Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0 · Report an error / feedback