《高上神霄玉清真王紫書大法》
About this page. The original text of 《高上神霄玉清真王紫書大法》 (Zhengyi 正一部, 12 volumes) is shown in Classical Chinese as transmitted in the Kanripo (Kyoto University) edition. An English interpretation of the 11 passages on this page accompanies it: select a passage or press “Interpretation” to show it. All texts in English
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Vol. 1
In the supreme celestial realm of Daoism known as the "Great Luo Purple Mansion Heaven," there exist numerous immortal palaces and divine halls where assemblies of celestial emperors and lords are regularly held. This heavenly domain comprises exactly 12,080 palaces and towers, each with dedicated immortal officials who meticulously record human virtues and transgressions. The worldly conditions of poverty or wealth, nobility or lowliness, as well as lifespan longevity, are not arbitrarily determined by heaven but rather the natural consequences of each individual's actions. These karmic retributions are faithfully reported to the celestial palaces.
The Jade Emperor of the Vast Heaven (one of Daoism's supreme deities) serves as the supreme ruler of these celestial institutions, while the Jade Purity King of Divine Empyrean (a high-ranking immortal) currently administers human affairs by imperial decree. The Divine Empyrean Jade Purity Mansion governs local mountain deities and spirits, differing in function from the Purple Tenuity Mansion of the North Pole Emperor, nor is it part of the secret register system transmitted by the Three Heavens Masters under the authority of the August Emperor of Primordial Virtue (a revered Daoist deity). The divine officials of the Jade Purity Mansion employ special mystical techniques called "Jade Department Summoning and Examination Spirit Texts." Practitioners must observe purification fasts on days containing the numbers three or nine each month, as these are when the mansion's divine officials descend to convene in the human realm.
Regarding Fulu (talismans and registers - secret documents conferred in Daoist ordination):
The Divine Empyrean tradition transmits seven grades of Fulu to humanity, exceedingly rare since ancient times. Recipients can protect their lives, avert disasters, and prolong longevity; sincere devotees receive immortal official guardians to eliminate misfortunes; proper practitioners gain power to exorcise evil spirits. However, one must first swear sacred oaths before Divine Empyrean immortals, obtain formal approval through official petitions, and only then practice according to the methods - unauthorized use is strictly forbidden.
Regarding cultivation secrets:
The Jade Platform Secret Formulas of Divine Empyrean encompass all phenomena. With sincere practice, adepts can comprehend profound mysteries and commune with myriad deities during meditation. This communion differs fundamentally from ordinary ritual arts, with each talisman containing unique mysteries. These secrets appear only once in countless eons, bestowed solely upon those with supreme karmic affinity. Practitioners must maintain diligent progress - celestial officers and generals within the methods will discern and accurately record all merits and faults of those who feign devotion while actually neglecting practice.
This scripture expounds the core cultivation methods and precepts of the Shenxiao (Divine Empyrean) school, a major Daoist tradition, presented in several key sections:
First, it emphasizes the need for extreme caution in practice, as the Three Officials (Celestial Official, Earthly Official, and Water Official) meticulously record practitioners' conduct. The esoteric scriptures of the Shenxiao tradition are profoundly abstruse—just as cut fabric cannot be worn without stitching, one must master essential techniques to practice. Only with a mind devoted to saving the world and eliminating wicked thoughts to return to the true Dao, aided by celestial guardians, can gradual accumulation lead to the Divine Empyrean realm and ultimate transcendence.
Regarding cultivation methods, it specifies that Shenxiao techniques are normally kept secret and only transmitted during specific celestial cycles (like the jiachen year) when the Dao Lord (high-ranking Daoist deity) descends to impart them. Practice requires devout concentration, and the application of talismans (fulu) differs from ordinary rituals—one must sincerely invoke divine resonance. When dealing with spirits and ghosts, celestial laws must be strictly followed, redeeming souls through accumulated virtue (de), benefiting both yin and yang realms.
On the 3rd, 9th, 13th, etc. days of each lunar month, officials from the Jade Mansion of Shenxiao descend to the human world. Practitioners should prepare three lamps and twelve yellow papers inscribed with memorials, sealed with the Tongzhang seal, and submit them to the Shenxiao Court. Offerings of incense, tea, wine, and fruits must be made with utmost sincerity, concluding only after the lamps extinguish naturally. Divine response must be received before formal practice begins.
Finally, it reveals the sacred origin of Shenxiao methods: The Primordial Heavenly King (Yuanshi Tianwang) commanded the Great Emperor Wanfu Zhenjun to open the Purple Empyrean Langji (sacred texts), transmitting the mysteries of the Nine Heavens to the Jade Emperor's son, which spread to humanity via celestial winds. The Nine Yang Brahma Qi (cosmic primordial energy) manifests through eighty-one transformations, symbolizing solar cycles. The Shenxiao True King achieved his status by accumulating this energy while holding high office in the Southern Pole, jointly instructing beings with Han Si Zhenjun. Those who obtain the Shenxiao forbidden texts and celestial seal scripts (tianzhuan yunzhang) are destined for ascension—the Huatang scriptures confirm their immortal attainment.
This Great Method of Purple Texts from the Jade Clarity True King of Highest Divine Empyrean preserves invaluable cultivation techniques. The scripture states that those who possess this method must pass ten levels of trials before formal initiation (known as "Donghua registration"). Practitioners are constantly guarded by 10,000 Golden Essence Spirit Youths and 1,000 Celestial Purity Immortal Maidens. The scripture must be kept immaculate, with merits and faults recorded through incense offerings and flower scattering. Violating precepts not only brings divine punishment to the practitioner but also implicates their master and seven generations of ancestors—grave offenders face eternal damnation in the Northern Capital Hell (Daoism's most severe infernal punishment).
The Method of Celestial People's Fasting and Congee details dietary cultivation: Whole grains nourish the spleen and stomach, pacify the five viscera, and expel pathogenic energies (corpse evils). Persistent practice elevates ancestors while enabling practitioners to ascend the celestial ranks, ultimately soaring through the nine heavenly realms. Cultivation requires facing east (toward Donghua Qi), regulating breath to harmonize Qi-blood circulation, and eliminating internal parasites (three corpses and nine worms).
The Celestial People's Hair Combing Method focuses on cranial health: The Niwan Palace (upper Dantian) atop the head gathers essential energies. While combing, visualize lunar and solar essences (concealed moon and sun) converging at the crown, synchronized with breath techniques (generating Qi). This transforms white hair to black and extends longevity.
The Method of Sacred Bathing and Robing describes ritual purification: When donning ceremonial attire (Jade Dawn Crown, Cloud Mantle and Rosy Raiment), envision the Five Thearchs and Jade Maidens descending. Infusing bathwater with heaven-earth vital Qi purifies body-mind, dispels five turbid energies, illuminates the Eight Luminaries (key bodily portals), and empowers practitioners with Divine Empyrean's celestial grace.
The Celestial People's Morning Ablutions predawn practice involves washing during moon-sun transitions while visualizing celestial purity cleansing the viscera. This dissolves karmic obstructions, repels malign Qi, and culminates in "growing feathered raiment" for ascension. Each movement coordinates with specific incantations (e.g., "Swiftly, as by divine decree"), authorized by different Celestial Venerables (like the Great Emperor of Longevity of the South Pole).
Here are several Daoist ritual practices for cultivation and exorcism, explained one by one:
The first method is visualization meditation (Cunxiang): Close your eyes and visualize immortal jade maidens clad in five-colored celestial robes, along with divine creatures like lions and white cranes appearing before you. Imagine the radiance of the sun and moon shining into water. Then tap your teeth thirty-six times, face east to absorb the essence of heaven and earth (Qi), and blow it into the water. Drink a sip of this consecrated water first, using the remainder for ritual purposes.
The second method, "Celestial People's Passage Technique," is a protective incantation: Wear the Divine Tiger Talisman (Fulu) while aligning with the movements of the sun and moon, drawing power from the Eight Luminous Manifestations (Bajing) and the Six Jia and Six Ding guardian deities. The spell invokes the protection of the Big Dipper and the Five Thunder Generals to ward off disasters from weapons, fire, or water. Practitioners must absorb solar and lunar essences at dawn and dusk respectively, blowing them toward their left and right sides to repel malevolent forces.
The third method, "Celestial People's Robe Removal," is a bedtime ritual: Chant to pacify the hundred spirits, harmonize the Five Viscera (Wuzang), and fill the body with vital essence. Perform three strikes with ritual implements to the left and right, followed by three beats of the ritual drum in the center. Then visualize entering the sacred realm of the Supreme Empyrean (Taiwei Heaven) before sleep—this is said to ensure vigorous vitality and nightmare-free rest.
The fourth is the "Pre-Sleep Incantation": Align the celestial Nine Stars and earthly Nine Palaces with the body's nine orifices (Jiuqiao) to suppress the Three Corpses (Sanshi, the three parasitic demons) and harmonize the Five Viscera with the three Dantian energy centers. The spell summons the protective forces of the Eight Trigrams' (Bagua) dragon and tiger to expel evil spirits and maintain spiritual purity.
Lastly, the healing incantation "Celestial People's Medicine Chant" invokes the Donghua Immortal Lord of the Shenxiao lineage and fifty healing deities like the legendary physician Bian Que to assist the sick in recovery and ascension. The chant emphasizes the phrase "May illness swiftly depart," highlighting its curative efficacy.
All these rituals conclude with the imperative phrase "Swiftly, swiftly, in accordance with the statutes and ordinances"—a standard Daoist incantation formula indicating immediate effect. The practices integrate visualization, teeth-tapping, saliva swallowing (Yanjin), and Qi absorption, embodying the Daoist cultivation principle of "perfecting both form and spirit" (Xingshen Jumiao).
The Great Jade Clarity Purple Text Method of the Exalted Divine Empyrean Sovereign records several important Daoist ritual techniques and talismanic spells. Here is a section-by-section explanation:
Life-Extending Healing Method: When reciting specific incantations, the practitioner must inhale the numinous Qi (vital energy) from the Divine Empyrean (one of the Daoist celestial realms) and exhale it onto medicinal herbs before administering them to the patient. This method can eliminate severe illnesses and prolong life. The incantation essentially petitions the underworld to erase death records and the celestial court to register life, granting the recipient longevity.
Purification Ritual for Entering Polluted Spaces: Before entering unclean or dark locations, form the "holding sun and moon" mudra with the left hand while visualizing five divine warriors (Wu Ding) providing protection. Click the teeth seven times, then inhale the northern Qi and exhale it over oneself. The accompanying incantation summons the Earth Guardian Goddess and the Filth-Removing Warriors to help dispel polluted energies.
Wisdom Talisman Creation: On the auspicious day of Wu-Wu (specific in the Chinese calendar), grind cinnabar with a mystical pearl (a Daoist ritual implement) to make ink. Facing east, recite the incantation while painting the talisman on yellow paper. For one hundred days thereafter, ingest it daily with calamus-infused water while chanting the Star Lord of Eastern Well's (wisdom-bestowing stellar deity) mantra to enhance mental acuity and achieve photographic memory. The spell mentions penetrating the nine orifices to comprehend profound mysteries.
Purification Talisman Effects: This talisman dispels various impurities and malevolent influences, wearable or displayable. When facing slander, legal troubles, or malicious schemes, wearing it provides protection. During creation, the practitioner must inhale the Big Dipper's Qi while invoking celestial generals from azure mists through the accompanying incantation.
Transformation Spell and Mudras: While chanting, visualize wearing a star-crown and jade pendants, flanked by thunder dragons and celestial tigers. The incantation declares "malevolence retreats, virtuous thoughts flourish," invoking the Jade Emperor's power for swift physical transformation. The ritual combines the Divine Empyrean School's unique mudras (ritual hand gestures) with seven tooth clicks, inhaling Qi while visualizing golden light transforming one's form into an immortal official. This serves as the standard transformation rite for dragon-subduing, ghost-quelling, and celestial petition rituals.
All methods emphasize the concluding phrase "urgently, urgently, in accordance with the statutes" (indicating immediate efficacy), characteristic of the Divine Empyrean School's (a major Song Dynasty Thunder Method tradition) integrated approach combining visualization (cunxiang), incantations, and internal alchemy (neilian).
This scripture records several methods of Daoist thunder rites (Leifa) and talismanic incantations (Fulu), primarily concerning exorcism, healing, and harmonizing yin-yang energies.
Regarding thunder rites, it describes five thunder deities: Celestial Thunder (Tianlei), Earthly Thunder (Dilei), Water Thunder (Shuilei), Wind Thunder (Fenglei), and Ghost Thunder (Guilei), each corresponding to specific ink colors for writing talismans. Practitioners must perform these rites on days when thunder rumbles, facing designated directions while reciting incantations and ingesting the talismans. Tradition holds this method can repel evil influences, unblock meridians, and even cure infant convulsions.
The Yin-Yang Qi Talisman requires practice during the winter and summer solstices. At winter solstice, one faces west to ingest eighteen breaths of earthly qi; at summer solstice, facing east to ingest nineteen breaths of celestial qi. The talismans must be written with cinnabar (yang days) or ink (yin days). Ingestion is said to balance the limbs and prevent ailments.
The Eclipse and New Moon Talisman expels the "Three Corpses" (Sanshi)—Daoist concepts of three parasitic entities within the body. Practitioners must align with solar/lunar cycles: exhaling nine breaths for solar talismans, ten for lunar. This purportedly eliminates internal parasites and purges toxins.
The final section details talismans for the Five Directional Deities: the Azure Emperor (East), Elder Han of the Southern Pole (South), Queen Mother of the West (West), Dark Lord of the North (North), and Yellow Emperor Lao Jun (Center). These talismans, called "Jade Script Sacred Names and Dragon-Seal Celestial Texts," are said to be celestial secrets preserved since antiquity in the Divine Empyrean Palace.
All methods emphasize synchronizing with specific timings, directions, and breathwork (Tuna), reflecting Daoism’s principle of cosmic-human resonance in cultivation.
This scripture primarily addresses two key aspects: the protective efficacy and ritual applications of the Gaoshang Shenxiao Yuqing Zhenwang Zishu Dafa (Great Purple Text Scripture of the True Jade Sovereign of Divine Empyrean), and the comprehensive pantheon of the Shenxiao (Divine Empyrean) lineage of Daoism - the spiritual system transmitted by the Jade Sovereign of Divine Empyrean.
The first section reveals that this scripture is perpetually guarded by thirty thousand jade maidens and celestial immortals. During catastrophic floods or fires, writing the sacred text with cinnabar and casting it into the elements ensures personal protection. Carrying its passages or ingesting transcribed portions can dispel malevolent forces, cure all ailments, and subdue water demons and dragon spirits. For ancestral salvation, one must prepare a memorial on yellow paper with cinnabar ink following prescribed methods and present it to the Three Officials (Celestial, Earthly and Water Officials) to elevate departed souls to heavenly realms. However, the text strictly prohibits transmission to unworthy recipients - practitioners must uphold it with sincere devotion, as negligence or improper disclosure condemns offenders to the Northern Fengdu hells.
The second section systematically details the Shenxiao pantheon:
1. The supreme Yuqing Great Emperor (Jade Purity) and his emanations, including the Left Dawn Sovereign and Demon-Subduing Sovereign
2. Major deities like the Supreme Laozi (Taishang Laojun), Primordial Heavenly King (Yuanshi Tianwang), and the Jade Emperor (Yuhuang Dadi)
3. The Four Directional Thearchs:
- Azure Splendor Thearch Lord (East)
- Penglai Spirit-Sea Thearch Lord (East)
- Western Origin Thearch Lord (West)
- Eastern Well Thearch Lord (South)
4. Other significant lords including the Fusang Thearch Lord and the Jade Purity Purple Tenuity Lord
5. Special records of the eight sons of the Celestial Worthy of Primordial Beginning (Yuanshi Tianzun), notably the eldest son enfeoffed as the Great Emperor of Long Life of the South Pole who concurrently holds the pivotal title of Jade Sovereign of Divine Empyrean
This divine hierarchy forms the protective mandala for Shenxiao cultivation, where invoking these sacred names grants spiritual empowerment. The central deity, the Jade Sovereign of Divine Empyrean, represents the tradition's core as an incarnation of the Celestial Worthy of Primordial Beginning.
This scripture documents the pantheon of nine high-ranking deities venerated by the Shenxiao lineage (an important Daoist school of the Song Dynasty), primarily describing the Jade Emperor's eight sons along with their titles and responsibilities.
The eight sons of the Jade Emperor govern different celestial and terrestrial domains:
The eldest, named Qingtaihe Wang, styled Yaoyan, bears the title "Lord of the Cavern"; the second serves as Penglai Linghai Jun, styled Yaojing; the third holds office as Penglai Xiyuan Dadi Jun, styled Yaowen; the fourth governs as Dongjing Dadi Jun, styled Yaoling; the fifth rules as Qingdu Dadi Jun, styled Yaoji; the sixth presides as Qingling Dijun, styled Yaoshen; the eighth serves as Jiutian Duwei Yuxiao Ziqing Zhonghuang Dajun, styled Yaoyuan.
Each prince has specific duties:
The eldest serves as Shenxiao Yuqing Tianwang, overseeing the Nine Qi (nine Yang energies) of the Eastern Fusang Sun; the second administers Donghua Dadi Jun; the third supervises the immortal lords of Penglai's sacred mountains; the fourth governs Xiyuan Qingjindan Huangjun; the fifth manages Dongji Yubao Gaochen Shi Qingdi Qingtong Jun; the sixth commands Qingdu Dijun; the seventh directs Xiaoyou Yuzhen Wanhua Qingdu Jun; the eighth oversees Jiutian Zhonghuang Yudi Jun.
The scripture further explains the cosmological birth process of these eight princes: Primordial Heavenly Lord (Yuanshi Tianzun) and the Grandmother of Brahma Qi (the creator goddess) first performed the cosmogonic ritual called "Great Cavern's Feminine-Masculine Cyclical Wind Fusion." They initially condensed eighty-one strands of pure Yang Qi to manifest the eldest son Shenxiao Wang, then sequentially used seventy-two, sixty-three and progressively fewer Yang energy strands to create the remaining seven princes. This descending numerical sequence embodies the Daoist cosmological principle of "diminishing Yang numbers" in universal generation.
This scripture primarily discusses two key aspects: the mysteries of cultivating immortality, and the nine patriarchs of the Shenxiao lineage (an important Daoist school) along with their respective responsibilities.
The first part reveals the essential method for attaining the Dao through cultivation. It describes the "Great Cavern Fusion" technique (a profound cultivation method) that transforms and merges the Primordial Father and Mysterious Mother (the Yin and Yang energies) through nine cycles, ultimately forming the Nine Yang True Qi. This practice condenses rosy light into the ethereal soul (Hun) and combines wind energy to form the corporeal soul (Po), culminating in the attainment of the "Imperial Unity Infant" (an advanced stage of cultivation). All Jade Emperors of the celestial realms are actually different titles for these eight sovereign manifestations, all originating from the "Way of Cyclic Wind Fusion and Imperial Unity" found in the Great Cavern True Scripture. Those who fail to comprehend this principle will have their bodies defiled by impurities, forever sinking into darkness; while those who understand it can ascend to immortality in broad daylight.
The second part details the nine patriarchs of the Shenxiao lineage:
1. Thunder Patriarch Great Emperor: Governed by the Jade Emperor of the Vast Heaven
2. Patriarch Jade Pure King of Exalted Shenxiao: Oversees longevity and life preservation
3. Master of Clear Skies and Rains, Great Emperor of Azure Radiance: Manages weather conditions
4. True Master of Epidemic and Evil Dispelling: Specializes in eliminating plagues and malign influences
5. True Lord of Soul Liberation and Po Retrieval: Administers the salvation of departed spirits
6. True Lord of Response to Origins and Register Determination: Controls thunder department tokens and celestial memorials
7. True Lord of Life Protection and Transformation: Commands water deities and dragon kings of the Five Sacred Mountains and rivers
8. True Lord of Ritual Supervision and Coordination: Responsible for refining departed souls and subduing demons
9. True Lord of Method Transmission and Register Management: Specifically oversees Shenxiao talismanic practices and cultivation
Each patriarch fulfills distinct functions, collectively forming the complete cultivation system of the Shenxiao lineage.
When dealing with demonic entities and malevolent mountain spirits (the five types of mountain specters), practitioners should chant the sacred name of "Heavenly Worthy Who Preserves Life and Delivers Salvation" during Zhaijiao (Daoist purification rituals). Each of the Nine Immortal Masters possesses specialized heart-method memorials that require celestial officials' assistance.
When practicing Shenxiao (Divine Empyrean) lineage Daoist methods, one must prioritize the use of Fulu (talismans) that regulate the Five Organs' Jing (essence), Qi (vital energy), and Shen (spirit). If one's vital energies become depleted, how can original spiritual vitality be restored without drawing upon the primordial Brahma-Qi (the purest cosmic energy) of the Celestial Worthy of Primordial Beginning? First, one must cultivate and nourish the primordial spirit through internal practice to achieve the Great Dao of Shenxiao, thereby causing ten thousand spirits to submit. The term "Shenxiao" refers to the essential methods of the highest celestial realm—the key lies in preventing the primordial spirit from dissipating outward.
Several crucial talismans are recorded here:
1. The True Descending Talisman of the Exalted Immortal King
2. The Primordial Sovereign's Spirit-Summoning Talisman
3. The Imperial Command Talisman
These talismans govern the ten directions, summon authentic spiritual forces, and possess boundless power. When reciting the incantation, chant: "To the eight extremes, longevity and auspicious fortune; preserving life and dispelling calamity across ten thousand miles of primordial harmony—urgently and swiftly, by the decree of the Jade Pure True King of the Exalted Divine Empyrean!"
Usage method: Form the Jade Pure hand seal while chanting, drawing spiritual energy from the southeast direction to breathe into the talisman, then burn it amidst intense incense flames. Continue chanting: "Communicating with the numinous, penetrating the mysterious, purifying the heart to illuminate the cavern; summoning the Golden Lad of Truth and the Jade Maiden of Spirit; may your true energy descend upon this humble servant, manifesting to assist and transform, uniting my path with the spiritual!"
Seasonal timings for summoning divine beings:
- First lunar month: Summon upper realm true immortals
- Seventh month: Summon middle realm true immortals
- Tenth month: Summon lower realm true immortals
- Eight solar terms: Summon upper realm spiritual officers
- Birth year: Middle realm spiritual officers descend
- Tenth month: Lower realm spiritual officers descend
Warning: If practitioners lack sincerity in these methods, the Five Sacred Mountain deities will test their cultivation.
Jade True Audience Talisman incantation: "True Empyrean's authentic decree, the vast mandate of the Nine Heavens; entrusted to me to receive and behold its radiance. Southern Chang refines the form, Great Tenuity obtains substance; Azure Dragon of Jia and Yi, White Tiger of Geng and Xin; Vermilion Bird of Bing and Ding, Dark Warrior of Ren and Gui. Officer-soldiers guide the way, true names receive and guard; arrayed above in the Divine Empyrean, returning to rely on the precious steps—urgently and swiftly, by the decree of the Exalted Immortal Guardian King!"
The Jade True Audience Talisman should be inscribed with black ink on yellow damask silk for wearing. Practitioners should select auspicious days when the Shenxiao King descends to the human realm, facing east to visualize azure spiritual energy coalescing into the talisman. Also called the "Boundless Talisman," when encountering particularly vicious and difficult-to-subdue evil influences, concentrate the spirit in stillness while silently reciting the master incantation. Draw southeast spiritual energy to deliver this talisman before the Kitchen God (Controller of Fate) in the afflicted person's home. At midnight, make offerings of wine and fruit while burning a bundle of gold paper—effects will manifest immediately.
Special note: The ninth day of the eighth lunar month marks the descent of the Great Emperor of Azure Splendor, while the tenth day of the tenth month is the sacred birthday of the True King of Shenxiao—these two dates hold particularly potent efficacy.
On the third and ninth days of each lunar month (namely the 3rd, 9th, 13th, 19th, 23rd, and 29th), as well as during the Three Primes Festivals (Upper Prime on the 15th of the first month, Middle Prime on the 15th of the seventh month, and Lower Prime on the 15th of the tenth month) and the Eight Solar Terms (including the Beginning of Spring, Spring Equinox, and six other seasonal nodes), the Jade Clarity True King of Divine Empyrean descends to the human realm. During these sacred days, practitioners should recite the "Capital Incantation" one thousand times and ingest twenty-one numinous talismans (fulu), ensuring their prayers receive immediate response.
The ritual requires specific preparations: light three oil lamps, prepare twelve sheets of yellow paper inscribed with offering documents, and present fresh seasonal fruits of five colors. After the ceremony, the burnt lamp oil must be carefully collected. Of particular importance is the strict observance of abstinence from meat, alcohol, and all impurities during these rituals.
This passage originates from the first volume of the "Purple Texts of the Great Method of the Jade Clarity True King of Lofty Divine Empyrean," detailing the ceremonial protocols for venerating this Daoist deity who governs thunder and lightning. These rites demand precise adherence to designated timings, ritual objects, and taboos, exemplifying Daoist cultivation's emphasis on temporal alignment and ritual purity.
Source text: Kanripo 漢籍リポジトリ(KR5g0028); Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0 · Report an error / feedback